Antiparkinson Medication Overview
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Questions and Answers

What is the drug class of Carbidopa-Levodopa?

  • Antibiotic
  • Analgesic
  • Antidepressant
  • Antiparkinson (correct)

What are the therapeutic effects of Carbidopa-Levodopa?

To treat parkinsonism; to relieve tremors and rigidity

How does Carbidopa-Levodopa work?

Transmission of levodopa to brain cells for conversion to dopamine; carbidopa blocks the conversion of levodopa to dopamine in the intestine and peripheral tissues

What are some contraindications for Carbidopa-Levodopa?

<p>All of the above (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which drug interactions can occur with Carbidopa-Levodopa?

<p>Both A and B (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What lab interactions may occur with Carbidopa-Levodopa?

<p>May increase BUN, AST, ALT, ALP, LDH</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are common side effects of Carbidopa-Levodopa?

<p>Anorexia, nausea, vomiting, dysphagia, fatigue, dizziness, headache, dry mouth, bitter taste, twitching, blurred vision, insomnia, dark urine</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are life-threatening adverse reactions of Carbidopa-Levodopa?

<p>All of the above (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why should patients not abruptly stop taking Carbidopa-Levodopa?

<p>Rebound parkinsonism can occur</p> Signup and view all the answers

Is urine discoloration a harmless effect of Carbidopa-Levodopa?

<p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What dietary recommendation is associated with Carbidopa-Levodopa?

<p>Taking with food may decrease GI upset, but food will slow the drug absorption rate.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the PO onset time for Carbidopa-Levodopa?

<p>15 min</p> Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Drug Class

  • Antiparkinson medication, functioning as a dopamine replacement.

Therapeutic Effects/Uses

  • Primarily used to treat parkinsonism.
  • Alleviates symptoms such as tremors and rigidity.

Mode of Action

  • Levodopa is transmitted to brain cells where it converts to dopamine.
  • Carbidopa prevents levodopa from converting to dopamine in the intestine and peripheral tissues, allowing more levodopa to reach the brain.

Contraindications

  • Not recommended for individuals with narrow-angle glaucoma, severe cardiac, renal, or hepatic diseases.
  • Cautions include peptic ulcer disease, psychiatric disorders, seizure disorders, and suicidal ideation.

Drug Interactions

  • Risk of hypertensive crisis when combined with MAO inhibitors (MAOIs).
  • Anticholinergics and antipsychotics can decrease the effectiveness of levodopa.

Lab Interactions

  • May elevate levels of BUN, AST, ALT, ALP, and LDH in laboratory tests.

Side Effects

  • Common: Anorexia, nausea, vomiting, dysphagia, fatigue, dizziness, headache, dry mouth, bitter taste, twitching, blurred vision, insomnia, and dark urine.

Life-Threatening and Other Adverse Reactions

  • Serious risks include agranulocytosis, hemolytic anemia, thrombocytopenia, cardiac dysrhythmias, and neuroleptic malignant syndrome.
  • Other adverse effects can involve involuntary movements, palpitations, orthostatic hypotension, urinary retention, priapism, psychosis, severe depression with suicidal ideation, and hallucinations.

Abrupt Discontinuation

  • Patients should avoid stopping medication abruptly to prevent rebound parkinsonism, which can lead to a return of symptoms.

Urine Color Change

  • Urine discoloration is a harmless side effect, darkening when exposed to air; perspiration may also darken, which can stain clothes.

Diet Recommendation

  • Taking the medication with food can reduce gastrointestinal upset but may slow the absorption rate of the drug.

PO Onset

  • Oral administration results in an onset of action within 15 minutes.

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Description

This quiz covers essential information about antiparkinson medications, focusing on levodopa and its function as a dopamine replacement. Explore its therapeutic effects, modes of action, contraindications, and potential drug interactions. Test your knowledge on how this medication aids in managing symptoms of parkinsonism.

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