31 Questions
Which of the following statements about vancomycin is correct?
It is a narrow-spectrum antibiotic that targets only Gram-positive bacteria.
What is the mechanism of action of glycopeptide antibiotics like vancomycin?
They inhibit bacterial cell wall synthesis by binding to the D-alanine-D-alanine residues of peptidoglycan precursors.
Which of the following statements about the distribution of vancomycin is correct?
It is widely distributed in the body, including the CSF, with CSF levels ranging from 7-30% of serum levels.
Which of the following statements about the clinical uses of vancomycin is correct?
It can be used for the treatment of Clostridium difficile infections when administered orally.
Which of the following statements about the lipoglycopeptides (e.g., oritavancin, telavancin, dalbavancin) is correct?
They are active against vancomycin-resistant Enterococci (VRE).
Which of the following statements about the pharmacokinetics of vancomycin is correct?
It has a prolonged half-life in patients with renal impairment, which can reach 6-10 days in anuric patients.
What is the primary mechanism of action of vancomycin?
Inhibiting peptidoglycan crosslinking by binding to D-Ala-D-Ala
Which antibiotic is used specifically for the treatment of Clostridium difficile infection?
Oral vancomycin
Which adverse effect of vancomycin is associated with histamine release?
Red man syndrome
Which antibiotic is active against vancomycin-resistant enterococci (VRE) and vancomycin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (VRSA)?
Daptomycin
What is the primary mechanism of action of fosfomycin?
Inhibiting cell wall synthesis by blocking MurA
Which antibiotic is used primarily for the treatment of tuberculosis?
Cycloserine
Which antibiotic is only used topically due to its high nephrotoxicity when administered systemically?
Bacitracin
Which antibiotic is a lipopeptide with activity against most gram-negative bacteria, including Acinetobacter spp. and Pseudomonas spp.?
Polymyxin B
Which antibiotic binds to the peptidoglycan pentapeptide chain and has a strict requirement for two alanines?
Vancomycin
Which administration method of vancomycin is associated with a lower risk of nephrotoxicity and ototoxicity compared to intermittent infusion?
Continuous intravenous infusion
Which antibiotic is a lipopeptide that acts on the bacterial membrane?
Daptomycin
For which type of bacteria is vancomycin bactericidal?
Staphylococci (MRSA)
Which antibiotic is primarily excreted by glomerular filtration?
Fosfomycin
What is the main clinical use of vancomycin?
Endocarditis
Which antibiotic has a strict requirement for two alanines in its mechanism of action?
Cycloserine
Among the listed antibiotics, which one has activity against VRE (vancomycin-resistant enterococci)?
Vancomycin
What is the main target of fosfomycin's antibacterial activity?
Peptidoglycan/cell wall synthesis
Which antibiotic is known for its inability to penetrate the porins of Gram-negative organisms?
Polymyxin
For which type of organisms is vancomycin specifically active?
Gram-positive bacteria only
What makes glycopeptides like vancomycin unable to penetrate the porins of Gram-negative organisms?
Their bulky nature
Which of the following statements about vancomycin resistance is correct?
Resistance emerged in enterococci due to acquired van genes responsible for altered target.
Which of the following statements about daptomycin is incorrect?
It is effective in the treatment of pneumonia due to its ability to penetrate pulmonary surfactants.
What is the primary mechanism of action of fosfomycin?
Inhibition of the cytoplasmic enzyme enolpyruvate transferase (MurA), blocking the first step in the formation of N-acetylmuramic acid.
Which of the following statements about cycloserine is correct?
It is a structural analog of D-alanine that inhibits the incorporation of D-alanine into the peptidoglycan pentapeptide.
Which of the following statements about vancomycin is correct?
It binds to the D-Ala-D-Ala residues of the peptidoglycan pentapeptide chain, inhibiting transglycosylase and preventing peptidoglycan elongation and crosslinking.
This quiz covers the topic of Other Cell-Wall Active Agents in the context of antimicrobials, including Glycopeptides, Lipoglycopeptides, Fosfomycin, Bacitracin, and Cycloserine. Test your knowledge on the uses and mechanisms of these antimicrobial agents.
Make Your Own Quizzes and Flashcards
Convert your notes into interactive study material.
Get started for free
