Antimicrobial Therapy

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Questions and Answers

Which antibiotic is recommended for treating Clostridioides difficile infection?

  • Amoxicillin
  • Ciprofloxacin
  • Vancomycin (oral) (correct)
  • Ceftriaxone

Which antibiotic is effective against Atypical Organisms such as Mycoplasma pneumoniae?

  • Azithromycin (correct)
  • Cefepime
  • Doxycycline
  • Ampicillin/Sulbactam

Which antibiotic is suitable for treating infections caused by Pseudomonas aeruginosa?

  • Ceftriaxone
  • Piperacillin/Tazobactam (correct)
  • Fidaxomicin
  • Metronidazole

Which antibiotic is a drug of choice for Community-associated methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (CA MRSA) skin & soft tissue infections (SSTIs)?

<p>Doxycycline (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which antibiotic is recommended for treating Vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus (VRE) infections?

<p>Daptomycin (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the drug of choice for Acinetobacter baumannii infections?

<p>Linezolid (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which antibiotic is recommended for treating Bacteroides fragilis infections?

<p>Metronidazole (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Name three antibiotics recommended for treating Community-associated methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (CA MRSA) skin & soft tissue infections (SSTIs).

<p>SMX/TMP, Doxycycline, Clindamycin</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the drug of choice for treating Vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus (VRE) infections?

<p>Daptomycin</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which antibiotic is recommended for more severe SSTIs requiring IV treatment or hospitalization, covering MRSA and Streptococci?

<p>Vancomycin</p> Signup and view all the answers

Name an antibiotic effective against Nosocomial MRSA.

<p>Linezolid</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which antibiotic is recommended for treating Clostridioides difficile infection?

<p>Vancomycin (oral), Fidaxomicin, Metronidazole</p> Signup and view all the answers

What antibiotics are effective against Atypical Organisms such as Mycoplasma pneumoniae?

<p>Azithromycin, clarithromycin</p> Signup and view all the answers

What antibiotics are suitable for treating infections caused by Pseudomonas aeruginosa?

<p>Piperacillin/Tazobactam, Ceftolozane/Tazobactam, Cefepime (high-dose), Aminoglycosides</p> Signup and view all the answers

Match the following antibiotics with their primary usage:

<p>Vancomycin (oral) = Clostridioides difficile Infection Fidaxomicin = Clostridioides difficile Infection Metronidazole = Clostridioides difficile Infection Azithromycin, clarithromycin = Atypical Organisms</p> Signup and view all the answers

Match the following antibiotics with the bacteria they are effective against:

<p>Ampicillin/ Sulbactam = Extended spectrum beta-lactamase producing Gram-negative rods (ESBL GNR) - E. coli, K. pneumoniae, P. mirabilis Ceftolozane/Tazobactam = Pseudomonas aeruginosa Cefepime (high-dose) = Pseudomonas aeruginosa Piperacillin/Tazobactam = Pseudomonas aeruginosa</p> Signup and view all the answers

Match the following antibiotics with the type of infection they are suitable for treating:

<p>Ceftazidime/Avibactam = Cystitis only nitrofurantoin, fosfomycin = Cystitis only Colistimethate polymyxin B = Cystitis only Cystitis only: fosfomycin = Cystitis only</p> Signup and view all the answers

Match the following antibiotics with their recommended usage for Community-associated methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (CA MRSA) skin & soft tissue infections (SSTIs):

<p>SMX/TMP = Recommended Daptomycin = Not recommended Ceftolozane/Tazobactam = Not recommended Linezolid = Recommended</p> Signup and view all the answers

Match the following antibiotics with their recommended usage for Vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus (VRE) infections:

<p>Ceftazidime/Avibactam = Not recommended Daptomycin = Recommended Colistimethate, polymyxin B = Recommended Vancomycin = Not recommended</p> Signup and view all the answers

Match the following antibiotics with their recommended usage for Carbapenem-resistant Gram-negative rods (CRE):

<p>Linezolid = Not recommended Ceftazidime/Avibactam = Recommended Tigecycline = Recommended Quinupristin/Dalfopristin = Not recommended</p> Signup and view all the answers

Match the following antibiotics with their recommended usage for Acinetobacter baumannii infections:

<p>Rifampin = Recommended Telavancin = Recommended Ceftolozane/Tazobactam = Not recommended Vancomycin = Not recommended</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which antibiotic is recommended for treating Clostridioides difficile infection?

<p>Vancomycin (oral) (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which antibiotic is effective against Atypical Organisms such as Mycoplasma pneumoniae?

<p>Doxycycline (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which antibiotic is recommended for more severe SSTIs requiring IV treatment or hospitalization, covering MRSA and Streptococci?

<p>Cefepime (high-dose) (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which antibiotic is recommended for treating Clostridioides difficile infection?

<p>Vancomycin (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the drug of choice for Acinetobacter baumannii infections?

<p>Colistimethate (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which antibiotic is effective against Atypical Organisms such as Mycoplasma pneumoniae?

<p>Doxycycline (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What antibiotics are suitable for treating infections caused by Pseudomonas aeruginosa?

<p>Ceftolozane/Tazobactam (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which antibiotics are recommended for treating Clostridioides difficile infection?

<p>Vancomycin (oral), Fidaxomicin, Metronidazole</p> Signup and view all the answers

Name three antibiotics effective against Pseudomonas aeruginosa infections.

<p>Piperacillin/Tazobactam, Ceftolozane/Tazobactam, Carbapenems</p> Signup and view all the answers

What antibiotics are suitable for treating Extended Spectrum Beta-lactamase producing Gram-negative rods (ESBL GNR) infections?

<p>Carbapenems, Tigecycline, Ceftolozane/Tazobactam</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which antibiotics are recommended for treating Community-associated methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (CA MRSA) skin & soft tissue infections (SSTIs)?

<p>SMX/TMP, Doxycycline, Minocycline, Clindamycin, Linezolid</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are the drug options for more severe SSTIs requiring IV treatment or hospitalization, covering MRSA and Streptococci?

<p>Vancomycin, Linezolid, Tedizolid, Ceftazidime/Avibactam, Cefepime, Tigecycline, Ceftazidime, Clindamycin, Moxifloxacin, Daptomycin, Ceftolozane/Tazobactam, Ceftaroline, Carbapenems, Telavancin, Ciprofloxacin, Levofloxacin, Oritavancin, Aztreonam, Dalbavancin, Aminoglycosides, Quinupristin/Dalfopristin, Colistimethate, Polymyxin B, Tigecycline</p> Signup and view all the answers

What antibiotics are recommended for treating Vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus (VRE) infections?

<p>Daptomycin, Linezolid, Pen G, Ampicillin, Carbapenems</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which antibiotics are effective against Acinetobacter baumannii infections?

<p>Vancomycin, Linezolid, Daptomycin, Rifampin, Telavancin, Carbapenems</p> Signup and view all the answers

Match the following antibiotics with the bacteria they are effective against:

<p>Vancomycin (oral) = Clostridioides difficile Ceftolozane/Tazobactam = Pseudomonas aeruginosa Fidaxomicin = Clostridioides difficile Tigecycline = Extended spectrum beta-lactamase producing Gram-negative rods (ESBL GNR)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Match the following antibiotics with their recommended usage for Acinetobacter baumannii infections:

<p>Carbapenems = Effective Aminoglycosides = Effective Colistimethate polymyxin B = Effective Quinolones = Ineffective</p> Signup and view all the answers

Match the following antibiotics with their recommended usage for Extended Spectrum Beta-lactamase producing Gram-negative rods (ESBL GNR) infections:

<p>Carbapenems = Effective Cefepime (high-dose) = Effective Quinolones = Ineffective Ampicillin/Sulbactam = Ineffective</p> Signup and view all the answers

Is daptomycin recommended for treating Community-associated methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (CA MRSA) skin & soft tissue infections (SSTIs)?

<p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Is nitrofurantoin suitable for treating cystitis caused by Carbapenem-resistant Gram-negative rods (CRE)?

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Is rifampin recommended for treating Nosocomial MRSA?

<p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Is vancomycin recommended for more severe SSTIs requiring IV treatment or hospitalization, covering MRSA and Streptococci?

<p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Match the following antibiotics with their recommended usage for more severe SSTIs requiring IV treatment or hospitalization, covering MRSA and Streptococci:

<p>Vancomycin = Consider using alternative if MIC &gt; 2 Linezolid = Tedizolid Ceftazidime/Avibactam = Cefepime Tigecycline = Ceftazidime</p> Signup and view all the answers

Match the following antibiotics with the bacteria they are effective against:

<p>SMX/TMP = Community-associated methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (CA MRSA) Daptomycin = VRE (E. faecium) Ceftazidime/Avibactam = Carbapenem-resistant Gram-negative rods (CRE) Colistimethate, polymyxin B = Acinetobacter baumannii</p> Signup and view all the answers

Match the following antibiotics with their recommended usage for Cystitis only:

<p>Nitrofurantoin = Fosfomycin Doxycycline = Minocycline Clindamycin = Linezolid Tigecycline = Ceftazidime</p> Signup and view all the answers

Match the following antibiotics with their recommended usage for Nosocomial MRSA:

<p>Vancomycin = Consider using alternative if MIC &gt; 2 Linezolid = Daptomycin (not in pneumonia) Rifampin = Telavancin Colistimethate, polymyxin B = Tigecycline</p> Signup and view all the answers

Match the antibiotic with the bacteria it is effective against:

<p>Linezolid = VRE (E. faecium) Daptomycin = Nosocomial MRSA Tigecycline = Acinetobacter baumannii Vancomycin = Community-associated methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (CA MRSA)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Match the antibiotic with its recommended usage for more severe SSTIs requiring IV treatment or hospitalization, covering MRSA and Streptococci:

<p>Vancomycin = Cover MRSA and Streptococci Linezolid = Cover MRSA and Streptococci Ceftazidime = Cover MRSA and Streptococci Tigecycline = Cover MRSA and Streptococci</p> Signup and view all the answers

Match the antibiotic with the type of infection it is suitable for treating:

<p>SMX/TMP = Community-associated methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (CA MRSA) skin &amp; soft tissue infections (SSTIs) Doxycycline = Cystitis only Clindamycin = More severe SSTIs requiring IV treatment or hospitalization Nitrofurantoin = Cystitis only</p> Signup and view all the answers

Match the antibiotic with its recommended usage for Vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus (VRE) infections:

<p>Daptomycin = E. faecalis Linezolid = E. faecalis Carbapenems = E. faecalis Pen G or ampicillin = E. faecalis</p> Signup and view all the answers

Vancomycin is recommended for treating Clostridioides difficile infection?

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Doxycycline is effective against Atypical Organisms such as Mycoplasma pneumoniae?

<p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Tigecycline is suitable for treating Cystitis only?

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Vancomycin is the drug of choice for treating Clostridioides difficile infection

<p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Tigecycline is recommended for treating Carbapenem-resistant Gram-negative rods (CRE) infections

<p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Azithromycin and clarithromycin are effective against Atypical Organisms such as Mycoplasma pneumoniae

<p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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Study Notes

Community-Associated Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus (CA MRSA)

  • CA MRSA skin and soft tissue infections (SSTIs):
    • Treatment options: SMX/TMP, doxycycline, minocycline, clindamycin*, linezolid
  • More severe SSTIs requiring IV treatment or hospitalization:
    • Cover MRSA and Streptococci with:
      • Vancomycin (consider alternative if MIC > 2)
      • Linezolid, tedizolid
      • Ceftazidime/Avibactam
      • Cefepime
      • Tigecycline

Vancomycin-Resistant Enterococcus (VRE)

  • VRE (E. faecium):
    • Treatment options: daptomycin, carbapenems
  • VRE (E. faecalis):
    • Treatment options: penicillin G or ampicillin, linezolid, daptomycin, carbapenems

Carbapenem-Resistant Gram-Negative Rods (CRE)

  • CRE:
    • Treatment options: linezolid, ceftazidime/Avibactam, quinupristin/dalfopristin, colistimethate, polymyxin B, tigecycline

Bacteroides fragilis

  • Treatment options: metronidazole, beta-lactam/beta-lactamase inhibitor

Extended Spectrum Beta-Lactamase (ESBL) Producing Gram-Negative Rods (ESBL GNR)

  • ESBL GNR (E. coli, K. pneumoniae, P. mirabilis):
    • Treatment options: carbapenems, tigecycline, ceftolozane/Tazobactam
    • Cystitis only: nitrofurantoin, fosfomycin, doxycycline

Pseudomonas aeruginosa

  • Treatment options: piperacillin/Tazobactam, cefotetan, cefoxitin, cephalosporins (except 1st generation), carbapenems, SMX/TMP, aminoglycosides, quinolones, cefepime (high dose)

Clostridium difficile Infection

  • Treatment options: vancomycin (oral), fidaxomicin, metronidazole

Atypical Organisms

  • Treatment options: azithromycin, clarithromycin, carbapenems (except ertapenem), doxycycline, minocycline, ampicillin/sulbactam, quinolones, minocycline, HNPEK, beta-lactam/beta-lactamase inhibitor, tigecycline, quinolones, SMX/TMP

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