Podcast Beta
Questions and Answers
What is the main consideration for selective toxicity of an antimicrobial drug?
What does the term 'spectrum' refer to in relation to antimicrobial drugs?
In the context of antimicrobial therapy, what does 'empiric treatment' involve?
What can antibiotic resistance occur via in bacteria?
Signup and view all the answers
What is one of the factors influencing tissue penetration of an antibiotic?
Signup and view all the answers
What contributes to the limited options for severe, life-threatening infections in the context of antimicrobial therapy?
Signup and view all the answers
What is the minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC)?
Signup and view all the answers
Which type of drugs rely on the host defenses to kill the bacteria?
Signup and view all the answers
What is the mechanism of action of natural penicillins?
Signup and view all the answers
Which drug is considered the treatment of choice in syphilis?
Signup and view all the answers
What is the activity of antipseudomonal penicillins?
Signup and view all the answers
What is the most common adverse effect of penicillins?
Signup and view all the answers
Which drug is known as an extended-spectrum penicillin?
Signup and view all the answers
What do beta-lactamase inhibitors do when combined with penicillins?
Signup and view all the answers
Among patients with a positive skin test to penicillin, what percentage are at risk for cross-reactivity with cephalosporins according to more recent observational studies?
Signup and view all the answers
What is the main consideration for tissue penetration of an antibiotic?
Signup and view all the answers
How can antibiotic resistance occur in bacteria?
Signup and view all the answers
What aspect does the term 'spectrum' refer to in relation to antimicrobial drugs?
Signup and view all the answers
In the context of antimicrobial therapy, what does 'empiric treatment' involve?
Signup and view all the answers
What contributes to the limited options for severe, life-threatening infections in the context of antimicrobial therapy?
Signup and view all the answers
What is one of the factors influencing selective toxicity of an antimicrobial drug?
Signup and view all the answers
What is the minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC)?
Signup and view all the answers
How do bacteriostatic drugs differ from bactericidal drugs?
Signup and view all the answers
What is the mechanism of action of natural penicillins?
Signup and view all the answers
What is the main consideration for selective toxicity of an antimicrobial drug?
Signup and view all the answers
What contributes to the limited options for severe, life-threatening infections in the context of antimicrobial therapy?
Signup and view all the answers
Which drug is known as an extended-spectrum penicillin?
Signup and view all the answers
What does the term 'spectrum' refer to in relation to antimicrobial drugs?
Signup and view all the answers
In the context of antimicrobial therapy, what does 'empiric treatment' involve?
Signup and view all the answers
What can antibiotic resistance occur via in bacteria?
Signup and view all the answers
What is one of the factors influencing tissue penetration of an antibiotic?
Signup and view all the answers
What is the most common adverse effect of penicillins?
Signup and view all the answers
Which of the following antibiotics is most active against Pseudomonas?
Signup and view all the answers
Which antibiotic is taken orally as a bowel decontaminant and used topically?
Signup and view all the answers
Which antibiotic is most commonly used for meningitis in infants?
Signup and view all the answers
Which antibiotic is less resistant and used to monitor increased plasma levels of toxins?
Signup and view all the answers
What is the adverse effect of isoniazid (vitamin B6 deficiency)?
Signup and view all the answers
Which anti-tuberculous drug is contraindicated in pregnancy due to its vestibular and otoxic effects?
Signup and view all the answers
What is the main adverse effect of pyrazinamide?
Signup and view all the answers
Which anti-tuberculous drug is the only bacteriostatic first-line drug?
Signup and view all the answers
What is the mechanism of action of polyene antifungal agents?
Signup and view all the answers
Which antifungal agent penetrates the central nervous system (CNS)?
Signup and view all the answers
What is a common adverse effect of azole antifungal agents?
Signup and view all the answers
Which antifungal agent is used for dermatophytosis of the skin, hair, and nails?
Signup and view all the answers
What is the most significant side effect associated with itraconazole and fluconazole (Triazoles)?
Signup and view all the answers
Which antifungal agent is used for oral thrush and candida esophagitis?
Signup and view all the answers
What is the common adverse effect of Streptomycin?
Signup and view all the answers
What is the primary mechanism of action of Ethambutol?
Signup and view all the answers
What are the adverse effects associated with minocycline?
Signup and view all the answers
Which antibiotic should not be taken with dairy products?
Signup and view all the answers
Which antibiotic is used in combination regimens for H. pylori?
Signup and view all the answers
What is the spectrum of activity of macrolides such as erythromycin, azithromycin, and clarithromycin?
Signup and view all the answers
Which antibiotic is unrelated to other antibiotics and is used topically for acne and bacterial vaginosis?
Signup and view all the answers
Which antibiotic inhibits bacterial DNA synthesis via inhibition of DNA topoisomerases?
Signup and view all the answers
What are the uses of daptomycin?
Signup and view all the answers
What are the adverse effects associated with antifolate drugs like trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole (Bactrim, Septra)?
Signup and view all the answers
Which antibiotic is used to treat urinary tract infections, sinusitis, bronchitis, and MRSA?
Signup and view all the answers
What is the mechanism of action of mupirocin (Bactroban)?
Signup and view all the answers
What antibiotic is known to cause prolongation of the QT interval and has been associated with a small increase in cardiovascular deaths in those with pre-existing cardiac disease?
Signup and view all the answers