Antimicrobial Resistance Quiz

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Which of the following factors can accelerate the evolution of drug resistance?

Overuse (correct)
Proper use
Patient compliance
Underuse

What are the common mechanisms of drug resistance?

Horizontal gene transfer only
None of the above
Both chromosomal mutations and horizontal gene transfer (correct)
Chromosomal mutations only

What are multidrug-resistant microbes (MDRs)?

Microbes that are resistant to one antimicrobial
Microbes that are resistant to all antimicrobials
Microbes that are resistant to multiple antimicrobials (correct)
Microbes that are not resistant to any antimicrobials

Which of the following is a clinically important superbug responsible for many nosocomial infections?

Enterococcus faecium (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA)?

A pathogen that causes skin infections, pneumonia, and septicemia (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is Vancomycin-resistant enterococci (VRE)?

A pathogen that is resistant to vancomycin (D) Signup and view all the answers

What are extended-spectrum β-lactamase–producing gram-negative pathogens and carbapenem-resistant gram-negative bacteria?

Bacteria that are resistant to multiple antimicrobials (C) Signup and view all the answers

What are Multidrug-resistant Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MDR-TB) and extensively drug-resistant Mycobacterium tuberculosis (XDR-TB)?

Bacteria that are resistant to multiple antimicrobials (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is the main concern with Multidrug-resistant microbes (MDRs) and cross resistance in clinical settings?

They are resistant to multiple antimicrobials (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is the need for rapid clinical identification methods?

To limit the spread of resistant bacteria (B) Signup and view all the answers

What are the necessary steps to combat antimicrobial resistance?

New antimicrobial drug development and prudent antimicrobial use (D) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following factors can accelerate the evolution of drug resistance?

Overuse (D) Signup and view all the answers

What are the common mechanisms of drug resistance?

Both chromosomal mutations and horizontal gene transfer (B) Signup and view all the answers

What are multidrug-resistant microbes (MDRs)?

Microbes that are resistant to multiple antimicrobials (D) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a clinically important superbug responsible for many nosocomial infections?

Enterococcus faecium (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA)?

A pathogen that causes skin infections, pneumonia, and septicemia (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is Vancomycin-resistant enterococci (VRE)?

A pathogen that is resistant to vancomycin (D) Signup and view all the answers

What are extended-spectrum β-lactamase–producing gram-negative pathogens and carbapenem-resistant gram-negative bacteria?

Bacteria that are resistant to multiple antimicrobials (A) Signup and view all the answers

What are Multidrug-resistant Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MDR-TB) and extensively drug-resistant Mycobacterium tuberculosis (XDR-TB)?

Bacteria that are resistant to multiple antimicrobials (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is the main concern with Multidrug-resistant microbes (MDRs) and cross resistance in clinical settings?

They are resistant to multiple antimicrobials (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is the need for rapid clinical identification methods?

To limit the spread of resistant bacteria (D) Signup and view all the answers

What are the necessary steps to combat antimicrobial resistance?

New antimicrobial drug development and prudent antimicrobial use (A) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following factors can accelerate the evolution of drug resistance?

Misuse (C) Signup and view all the answers

What are the two ways in which resistance can occur?

Chromosomal mutations and horizontal gene transfer (B) Signup and view all the answers

What are the common mechanisms of drug resistance?

Enzymatic modification, prevention of cellular uptake, and target overproduction (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is a multidrug-resistant microbe (MDR)?

A microbe that is resistant to multiple antimicrobials (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is cross resistance?

Resistance to multiple drugs via a single resistance mechanism (A) Signup and view all the answers

Which superbugs are responsible for many nosocomial infections?

ESKAPE pathogens (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA)?

A pathogen that is resistant to all available β-lactams (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the cause of the emergence of Vancomycin-resistant enterococci (VRE), vancomycin-resistant S. aureus (VRSA), and vancomycin-intermediate S. aureus (VISA)?

Increased use of vancomycin (A) Signup and view all the answers

What are extended-spectrum β-lactamase–producing gram-negative pathogens and carbapenem-resistant gram-negative bacteria?

Multidrug-resistant bacteria that are typically members of the intestinal microbiota (B) Signup and view all the answers

What are MDR-TB and XDR-TB?

Bacterial infections that are resistant to multiple antibiotics (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is necessary to limit the spread of resistant bacteria?

Rapid clinical identification methods (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is necessary to combat antimicrobial resistance?

All of the above (B) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a factor that accelerates the evolution of drug resistance?

Patient compliance (A) Signup and view all the answers

What are the two ways in which resistance can occur?

Chromosomal mutations and horizontal gene transfer (D) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a common mechanism of drug resistance?

Target mimicry and target overexpression (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is the difference between multidrug-resistant microbes (MDRs) and cross resistance?

MDRs are resistant to a single antimicrobial, while cross resistance confers resistance to multiple drugs via a single resistance mechanism (B) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT one of the ESKAPE pathogens?

Escherichia coli (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) resistant to?

All available β-lactams (A) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a vancomycin-resistant bacteria?

Streptococcus pyogenes (D) Signup and view all the answers

What are extended-spectrum β-lactamase–producing gram-negative pathogens and carbapenem-resistant gram-negative bacteria?

Multidrug-resistant bacteria that are typically members of the intestinal microbiota and can cause opportunistic infections in hospitalized patients (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is the difference between multidrug-resistant Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MDR-TB) and extensively drug-resistant Mycobacterium tuberculosis (XDR-TB)?

MDR-TB is resistant to a single antimicrobial, while XDR-TB is resistant to multiple antimicrobials (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the main concern with the emergence of multidrug-resistant microbes (MDRs) and cross resistance in clinical settings?

They limit treatment options and increase the risk of treatment failure and death (C) Signup and view all the answers

Why is the development of rapid clinical identification methods necessary to limit the spread of resistant bacteria?

To identify infected patients and implement appropriate infection control measures (D) Signup and view all the answers

What are the necessary steps to combat antimicrobial resistance?

New antimicrobial drug development and prudent antimicrobial use (C) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a factor that accelerates the evolution of drug resistance?

Patient compliance (A) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a common mechanism of drug resistance?

Target underproduction or enzymatic bypass (A) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a multidrug-resistant bacteria that is typically a member of the intestinal microbiota but can cause opportunistic infections in hospitalized patients?

Klebsiella pneumoniae (C) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a superbug responsible for many nosocomial infections?

Pseudomonas aeruginosa (C) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a widespread opportunistic pathogen that causes skin infections, pneumonia, and septicemia, and is resistant to all available β-lactams?

Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) (B) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a multidrug-resistant Mycobacterium tuberculosis that results from the incorrect use of antimicrobials for tuberculosis treatment?

MDR-TB (B) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a superbug that exhibits high resistance to vancomycin?

Vancomycin-resistant enterococci (VRE) (D) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a clinically important superbug responsible for many nosocomial infections and is resistant to multiple antimicrobials?

Acinetobacter baumannii (B) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a concern with Multidrug-resistant microbes (MDRs) and cross resistance in clinical settings?

Increased patient compliance (A) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a rapidly emerging threat in clinical settings and is resistant to most available antibiotics?

Extended-spectrum β-lactamase–producing gram-negative pathogens (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is the main concern with the increased use of vancomycin?

Emergence of multidrug-resistant microbes (MDRs) (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is necessary to combat antimicrobial resistance?

Both A and B (A) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a factor that can accelerate the evolution of drug resistance?

Patient compliance (D) Signup and view all the answers

What are the two ways in which resistance can occur?

Chromosomal mutations and horizontal gene transfer (A) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a common mechanism of drug resistance?

Target elimination (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is cross resistance?

Resistance to multiple drugs via a single resistance mechanism (B) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT one of the ESKAPE pathogens?

Escherichia coli (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) resistant to?

All available β-lactams (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is the difference between vancomycin-resistant enterococci (VRE) and vancomycin-resistant S. aureus (VRSA)?

VRE exhibits high resistance to vancomycin while VRSA exhibits intermediate resistance (A) Signup and view all the answers

What are extended-spectrum β-lactamase–producing gram-negative pathogens and carbapenem-resistant gram-negative bacteria?

Bacteria that produce enzymes that inactivate β-lactam antibiotics (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the difference between multidrug-resistant Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MDR-TB) and extensively drug-resistant Mycobacterium tuberculosis (XDR-TB)?

MDR-TB is resistant to two first-line drugs while XDR-TB is resistant to three or more second-line drugs (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is the main concern with multidrug-resistant microbes (MDRs) and cross resistance in clinical settings?

They limit treatment options (D) Signup and view all the answers

Why is the development of rapid clinical identification methods necessary?

To limit the spread of resistant bacteria (A) Signup and view all the answers

What are the necessary steps to combat antimicrobial resistance?

Development of new antibiotics and prudent antimicrobial use (D) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a factor that accelerates the evolution of drug resistance?

Patient compliance (A) Signup and view all the answers

What are the two ways resistance can occur?

Chromosomal mutations and horizontal gene transfer (B) Signup and view all the answers

What are the common mechanisms of drug resistance?

Enzymatic modification and inactivation of the drug, prevention of cellular uptake or efflux, target modification, target overproduction or enzymatic bypass, and target mimicry (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is cross resistance?

Resistance to multiple drugs via a single resistance mechanism (C) Signup and view all the answers

What are the ESKAPE pathogens?

Enterococcus faecium, Staphylococcus aureus, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Acinetobacter baumannii, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and Enterobacter spp. (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is MRSA?

A widespread opportunistic pathogen that causes skin infections, pneumonia, and septicemia (C) Signup and view all the answers

What are VRE, VRSA, and VISA?

Vancomycin-resistant bacteria (D) Signup and view all the answers

What are extended-spectrum β-lactamase–producing gram-negative pathogens and carbapenem-resistant gram-negative bacteria?

Multidrug-resistant bacteria that are typically members of the intestinal microbiota but can cause opportunistic infections in hospitalized patients (A) Signup and view all the answers

What are MDR-TB and XDR-TB?

Drug-resistant tuberculosis strains (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the main concern with MDRs and cross resistance in clinical settings?

The spread of resistant bacteria (D) Signup and view all the answers

Why is the development of rapid clinical identification methods necessary?

To limit the spread of resistant bacteria (A) Signup and view all the answers

What are the necessary steps to combat antimicrobial resistance?

Prudent antimicrobial use and patient compliance (C) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following factors can contribute to the evolution of antimicrobial resistance?

Misuse of antimicrobial drugs (D) Signup and view all the answers

What are the two ways in which resistance can occur?

Chromosomal mutations and horizontal gene transfer (D) Signup and view all the answers

What are the common mechanisms of drug resistance?

Target mimicry and enzymatic modification (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is the difference between multidrug-resistant microbes (MDRs) and cross resistance?

MDRs are resistant to multiple antimicrobials and cross resistance confers resistance to a single drug (B) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a clinically important superbug responsible for many nosocomial infections?

Klebsiella pneumoniae (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA)?

A drug that is resistant to all available β-lactams (C) Signup and view all the answers

What caused the emergence of vancomycin-resistant enterococci (VRE), vancomycin-resistant S. aureus (VRSA), and vancomycin-intermediate S. aureus (VISA)?

Increased use of vancomycin (B) Signup and view all the answers

What are extended-spectrum β-lactamase–producing gram-negative pathogens and carbapenem-resistant gram-negative bacteria?

Bacteria that are typically members of the intestinal microbiota (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the main concern with Multidrug-resistant microbes (MDRs) and cross resistance in clinical settings?

The spread of resistant bacteria (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is the significance of Multidrug-resistant Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MDR-TB) and extensively drug-resistant Mycobacterium tuberculosis (XDR-TB)?

They are of significant global concern (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is necessary to limit the spread of resistant bacteria?

The development of rapid clinical identification methods (B) Signup and view all the answers

What are the necessary steps to combat antimicrobial resistance?

Prudent antimicrobial use and the development of rapid clinical identification methods (A) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a factor that accelerates the evolution of drug resistance?

Patient compliance (D) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a common mechanism of drug resistance?

Target underproduction or enzymatic bypass (B) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a multidrug-resistant bacteria that is typically a member of the intestinal microbiota but can cause opportunistic infections in hospitalized patients?

Klebsiella pneumoniae (B) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a superbug responsible for many nosocomial infections?

Staphylococcus aureus (D) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a widespread opportunistic pathogen that is resistant to all available β-lactams?

Staphylococcus aureus (B) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a multidrug-resistant Mycobacterium tuberculosis that is of significant global concern and results from the incorrect use of antimicrobials for tuberculosis treatment?

MDR-TB (A) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a vancomycin-resistant bacteria?

K. pneumoniae (C) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a concern in clinical settings regarding multidrug-resistant microbes (MDRs)?

MDRs being susceptible to all available antimicrobials (C) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a mechanism of drug resistance where the microbe prevents the drug from entering the cell or pumps it out of the cell?

Prevention of cellular uptake or efflux (A) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a clinically important superbug responsible for many nosocomial infections and can be multidrug-resistant?

Pseudomonas aeruginosa (B) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a mechanism of drug resistance where the microbe produces an enzyme that inactivates the drug?

Enzymatic modification or inactivation of the drug (B) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a multidrug-resistant bacteria that emerged due to the increased use of vancomycin and exhibits high resistance to vancomycin?

Enterococcus faecium (D) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a factor that accelerates the evolution of drug resistance?

Patient compliance (A) Signup and view all the answers

What are the two ways in which resistance can occur?

Plasmids and transposons (A) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a common mechanism of drug resistance?

Target synthesis (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the difference between multidrug-resistant microbes (MDRs) and cross resistance?

MDRs are resistant to multiple antimicrobials, while cross resistance confers resistance to multiple drugs via a single resistance mechanism (D) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following superbugs is responsible for causing skin infections, pneumonia, and septicemia and is resistant to all available β-lactams?

Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) (C) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following pathogens emerged due to the increased use of vancomycin and exhibits high resistance to vancomycin?

Vancomycin-resistant enterococci (VRE) (B) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following multidrug-resistant bacteria are typically members of the intestinal microbiota but can cause opportunistic infections in hospitalized patients?

Extended-spectrum β-lactamase–producing gram-negative pathogens (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the difference between MDR-TB and XDR-TB?

MDR-TB is resistant to all available antimicrobials, while XDR-TB is resistant to multiple antimicrobials (D) Signup and view all the answers

Why is the development of rapid clinical identification methods necessary?

To limit the spread of resistant bacteria (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is necessary to combat antimicrobial resistance?

Prudent antimicrobial use and new antimicrobial drug development (D) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a clinically important superbug responsible for many nosocomial infections?

All of the above (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the difference between VRSA and VISA?

VRSA is resistant to vancomycin, while VISA exhibits intermediate resistance (A) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a factor that accelerates the evolution of drug resistance?

Patient compliance (A) Signup and view all the answers

What are the two ways resistance can occur?

Chromosomal mutations and horizontal gene transfer (B) Signup and view all the answers

What are the common mechanisms of drug resistance?

All of the above (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is the difference between multidrug-resistant microbes (MDRs) and cross resistance?

MDRs are resistant to a single antimicrobial, while cross resistance confers resistance to multiple drugs (B) Signup and view all the answers

What are the ESKAPE pathogens?

Enterococcus faecium, Staphylococcus aureus, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Acinetobacter baumannii, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and Enterobacter spp. (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA)?

A drug that is resistant to all available β-lactams (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the cause of the emergence of Vancomycin-resistant enterococci (VRE), vancomycin-resistant S. aureus (VRSA), and vancomycin-intermediate S. aureus (VISA)?

Increased use of vancomycin (A) Signup and view all the answers

What are extended-spectrum β-lactamase–producing gram-negative pathogens and carbapenem-resistant gram-negative bacteria?

Multidrug-resistant bacteria that are typically members of the intestinal microbiota but can cause opportunistic infections in hospitalized patients (A) Signup and view all the answers

What are MDR-TB and XDR-TB?

Multidrug-resistant and extensively drug-resistant strains of Mycobacterium tuberculosis (B) Signup and view all the answers

Why is the development of rapid clinical identification methods necessary?

To prevent the spread of resistant bacteria (A) Signup and view all the answers

What are the necessary steps to combat antimicrobial resistance?

New antimicrobial drug development and prudent antimicrobial use (C) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a factor that accelerates the evolution of drug resistance?

Proper use (D) Signup and view all the answers

What are the two ways resistance can occur?

Chromosomal mutations and horizontal gene transfer (D) Signup and view all the answers

What are the common mechanisms of drug resistance?

Enzymatic modification or inactivation of the drug, prevention of cellular uptake or efflux, target modification, target overproduction or enzymatic bypass, and target mimicry (C) Signup and view all the answers

What are MDRs?

Multidrug-resistant bacteria (C) Signup and view all the answers

What are the ESKAPE pathogens?

Clinically important superbugs responsible for many nosocomial infections (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is MRSA?

A type of skin infection (C) Signup and view all the answers

What are VRE, VRSA, and VISA?

Vancomycin-resistant enterococci (VRE), vancomycin-resistant S. aureus (VRSA), and vancomycin-intermediate S. aureus (VISA) (C) Signup and view all the answers

What are extended-spectrum β-lactamase–producing gram-negative pathogens and carbapenem-resistant gram-negative bacteria?

Multidrug-resistant bacteria that are typically members of the intestinal microbiota (C) Signup and view all the answers

What are MDR-TB and XDR-TB?

Types of tuberculosis (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the main concern with MDRs and cross resistance in clinical settings?

They can lead to treatment failure and increased mortality rates (A) Signup and view all the answers

Why is the development of rapid clinical identification methods necessary?

To limit the spread of resistant bacteria (D) Signup and view all the answers

What are the necessary steps to combat antimicrobial resistance?

Proper use of antimicrobials and new antimicrobial drug development (D) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a factor that accelerates the evolution of drug resistance?

Patient compliance (B) Signup and view all the answers

What are the two ways in which resistance can occur?

Horizontal gene transfer and vertical gene transfer (A) Signup and view all the answers

What are the common mechanisms of drug resistance?

Prevention of cellular uptake or efflux, target modification, target overproduction or enzymatic bypass, and target mimicry (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is the difference between multidrug-resistant microbes (MDRs) and cross resistance?

MDRs are resistant to multiple antimicrobials, while cross resistance confers resistance to multiple drugs via a single resistance mechanism (C) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a clinically important superbug responsible for many nosocomial infections?

Acinetobacter baumannii (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA)?

A bacterium that is resistant to all available β-lactams (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the difference between Vancomycin-resistant enterococci (VRE) and vancomycin-resistant S. aureus (VRSA)?

VRE is resistant to all available β-lactams, while VRSA is resistant to vancomycin (B) Signup and view all the answers

What are extended-spectrum β-lactamase–producing gram-negative pathogens and carbapenem-resistant gram-negative bacteria?

Bacteria that are typically members of the intestinal microbiota but can cause opportunistic infections in hospitalized patients (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is the difference between Multidrug-resistant Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MDR-TB) and extensively drug-resistant Mycobacterium tuberculosis (XDR-TB)?

MDR-TB is resistant to a single antimicrobial, while XDR-TB is resistant to multiple antimicrobials (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the main concern with the development of rapid clinical identification methods?

They may not be accurate (A) Signup and view all the answers

What are the necessary steps to combat antimicrobial resistance?

New antimicrobial drug development and prudent antimicrobial use (A) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a factor that accelerates the evolution of drug resistance?

Proper use (D) Signup and view all the answers

What are the two ways resistance can occur?

Chromosomal mutations and horizontal gene transfer (B) Signup and view all the answers

What are the common mechanisms of drug resistance?

Enzymatic modification or inactivation of the drug, prevention of cellular uptake or efflux, target modification, target overproduction or enzymatic bypass, and target mimicry (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the difference between multidrug-resistant microbes (MDRs) and cross resistance?

MDRs are resistant to multiple antimicrobials and cross resistance confers resistance to multiple drugs via a single resistance mechanism (B) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT one of the ESKAPE pathogens?

Streptococcus pneumoniae (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA)?

A pathogen that causes skin infections, pneumonia, and septicemia, and is resistant to all available β-lactams (A) Signup and view all the answers

What are the three types of vancomycin-resistant S. aureus?

VRE, VRSA, and VISA (B) Signup and view all the answers

What are extended-spectrum β-lactamase–producing gram-negative pathogens and carbapenem-resistant gram-negative bacteria?

Multidrug-resistant bacteria that are typically members of the intestinal microbiota but can cause opportunistic infections in hospitalized patients (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the difference between Multidrug-resistant Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MDR-TB) and extensively drug-resistant Mycobacterium tuberculosis (XDR-TB)?

MDR-TB is resistant to at least isoniazid and rifampicin, while XDR-TB is resistant to isoniazid, rifampicin, a fluoroquinolone, and at least one of three injectable second-line drugs (B) Signup and view all the answers

Why is the development of rapid clinical identification methods necessary to limit the spread of resistant bacteria?

To identify resistant bacteria quickly and prevent their spread in healthcare facilities (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is necessary to combat antimicrobial resistance?

New antimicrobial drug development and prudent antimicrobial use (C) Signup and view all the answers

Antimicrobial Resistance Quiz

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Podcast

Questions and Answers

Which of the following factors can accelerate the evolution of drug resistance?

What are the common mechanisms of drug resistance?

What are multidrug-resistant microbes (MDRs)?

Which of the following is a clinically important superbug responsible for many nosocomial infections?

What is Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA)?

What is Vancomycin-resistant enterococci (VRE)?

What are extended-spectrum β-lactamase–producing gram-negative pathogens and carbapenem-resistant gram-negative bacteria?

What are Multidrug-resistant Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MDR-TB) and extensively drug-resistant Mycobacterium tuberculosis (XDR-TB)?

What is the main concern with Multidrug-resistant microbes (MDRs) and cross resistance in clinical settings?

What is the need for rapid clinical identification methods?

What are the necessary steps to combat antimicrobial resistance?

Which of the following factors can accelerate the evolution of drug resistance?

What are the common mechanisms of drug resistance?

What are multidrug-resistant microbes (MDRs)?

Which of the following is a clinically important superbug responsible for many nosocomial infections?

What is Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA)?

What is Vancomycin-resistant enterococci (VRE)?

What are extended-spectrum β-lactamase–producing gram-negative pathogens and carbapenem-resistant gram-negative bacteria?

What are Multidrug-resistant Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MDR-TB) and extensively drug-resistant Mycobacterium tuberculosis (XDR-TB)?

What is the main concern with Multidrug-resistant microbes (MDRs) and cross resistance in clinical settings?

What is the need for rapid clinical identification methods?

What are the necessary steps to combat antimicrobial resistance?

Which of the following factors can accelerate the evolution of drug resistance?

What are the two ways in which resistance can occur?

What are the common mechanisms of drug resistance?

What is a multidrug-resistant microbe (MDR)?

What is cross resistance?

Which superbugs are responsible for many nosocomial infections?

What is Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA)?

What is the cause of the emergence of Vancomycin-resistant enterococci (VRE), vancomycin-resistant S. aureus (VRSA), and vancomycin-intermediate S. aureus (VISA)?

What are extended-spectrum β-lactamase–producing gram-negative pathogens and carbapenem-resistant gram-negative bacteria?

What are MDR-TB and XDR-TB?

What is necessary to limit the spread of resistant bacteria?

What is necessary to combat antimicrobial resistance?

Which of the following is NOT a factor that accelerates the evolution of drug resistance?

What are the two ways in which resistance can occur?

Which of the following is NOT a common mechanism of drug resistance?

What is the difference between multidrug-resistant microbes (MDRs) and cross resistance?

Which of the following is NOT one of the ESKAPE pathogens?

What is Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) resistant to?

Which of the following is NOT a vancomycin-resistant bacteria?

What are extended-spectrum β-lactamase–producing gram-negative pathogens and carbapenem-resistant gram-negative bacteria?

What is the difference between multidrug-resistant Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MDR-TB) and extensively drug-resistant Mycobacterium tuberculosis (XDR-TB)?

What is the main concern with the emergence of multidrug-resistant microbes (MDRs) and cross resistance in clinical settings?

Why is the development of rapid clinical identification methods necessary to limit the spread of resistant bacteria?

What are the necessary steps to combat antimicrobial resistance?

Which of the following is NOT a factor that accelerates the evolution of drug resistance?

Which of the following is NOT a common mechanism of drug resistance?

Which of the following is a multidrug-resistant bacteria that is typically a member of the intestinal microbiota but can cause opportunistic infections in hospitalized patients?

Which of the following is a superbug responsible for many nosocomial infections?

Which of the following is a widespread opportunistic pathogen that causes skin infections, pneumonia, and septicemia, and is resistant to all available β-lactams?

Which of the following is a multidrug-resistant Mycobacterium tuberculosis that results from the incorrect use of antimicrobials for tuberculosis treatment?

Which of the following is a superbug that exhibits high resistance to vancomycin?

Which of the following is a clinically important superbug responsible for many nosocomial infections and is resistant to multiple antimicrobials?

Which of the following is NOT a concern with Multidrug-resistant microbes (MDRs) and cross resistance in clinical settings?

Which of the following is a rapidly emerging threat in clinical settings and is resistant to most available antibiotics?

What is the main concern with the increased use of vancomycin?

What is necessary to combat antimicrobial resistance?

Which of the following is NOT a factor that can accelerate the evolution of drug resistance?

What are the two ways in which resistance can occur?

Which of the following is NOT a common mechanism of drug resistance?

What is cross resistance?

Which of the following is NOT one of the ESKAPE pathogens?

What is Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) resistant to?

What is the difference between vancomycin-resistant enterococci (VRE) and vancomycin-resistant S. aureus (VRSA)?

What are extended-spectrum β-lactamase–producing gram-negative pathogens and carbapenem-resistant gram-negative bacteria?

What is the difference between multidrug-resistant Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MDR-TB) and extensively drug-resistant Mycobacterium tuberculosis (XDR-TB)?

What is the main concern with multidrug-resistant microbes (MDRs) and cross resistance in clinical settings?

Why is the development of rapid clinical identification methods necessary?

What are the necessary steps to combat antimicrobial resistance?

Which of the following is NOT a factor that accelerates the evolution of drug resistance?

What are the two ways resistance can occur?

What are the common mechanisms of drug resistance?

What is cross resistance?

What are the ESKAPE pathogens?

What is MRSA?