Antihypertensive Medications

• Antihypertensives are medication used to treat hypertension

ACE Inhibitors

• Captopril is an example of an ACE inhibitor drug
• ACE inhibitors are indicated for treatment of hypertension
• They are used for essential hypertension
• ACE inhibitors work by blocking ACE selectively

ARB (Angiotensin Receptor Blockers)

• Losartan is an example of an ARB
• ARBs are indicated for the treatment of hypertension
• They are used for essential hypertension
• ARBs Selectively Competitively

Beta Blockers

• Propranolol (generic) is an example of a beta blocker
• Beta Blockers are used for hypertension
• They are used for essential hypertension
• Beta Blockers Inhibits the

Calcium Channel Blockers

• Amlodipine (norvasc) is an example of a calcium channel blocker
• Calcium channel blockers are for hypertension Supraver
• They are used for essential hypertension
• This class Reduces to

Alpha Blockers

• Doxazosin (generic) are examples of alpha blockers
• Alpha blockers are indicated for the treatment of Mild to Moderate Hypertension
• They are used for essential hypertension
• Alpha Blockers Acts directly

Vasodilators

• Minoxidil (generic) is an example of a vasodilator
• Vasodilators are indicated for Severe Hypertension
• They are used for essential hypertension
• They act on vascular smooth to cause muscle relaxation, leading to vasodilation

Metabolic Pharmacokinetics

• ACE Inhibitors, ARBs, Beta Blockers, Calcium Channel Blockers, Alpha Blockers and Vasodilators are all metabolized

Adverse Effects

• ACE Inhibitors causes related to the
• ARBs causes headaches, dizziness, anxiety, and headache
• Beta Blockers causes headache, bradycardia
• Alpha Blockers causes changes in blood pressure - dizziness, anxiety, and headache
• Calcium Channel Blockers related to headache
• Vasodilators have side effects related to the

Cautions

• Calcium Channel Blockers interacts with grapefruit juice
• Vasodilators Act directly on vascular smooth muscle to cause muscle relaxation,leading to vasodilatation

Cardiac Glycosides

• Digoxin (Lanoxin) is a Cardiac Glycosides drug
• They are used for the treatment of heart failure
• Side effects of Cardiac Glycosides are bradycardia, headache
• HF( Heart Failure) is a syndrome in

Nitrates

• Nitroglycer is Nitrates
• Nitrates are used for Prevention
• They are indicated with CAD
• Adverse effects includes headache

Antianginals

• Antiangials helps restore
• Is Related effects on c

Lipid Lowering Agents

• Bile Acid Sequestrants and HMG-CoA Reductase Inhibitors (Statins) are Lipid Lowering Agents

HMG-CoA Reductase Inhibitors

• Atorvastatin (Lipitor) and Simvastatin (Zocor) are HMG-CoA Reductase Inhibitors
• HMG-CoA Reductase Inhibitors are Adjunct to diet in the treatment of elevated cholesterol, triglycerides,
• Are used in hyperlipidemia—an increase in the level of lipids in the blood
• They Inhibit HMG-CoA, decreases serum cholesterol levels

Drugs to treat anemias:

• Includes Erythropies, Iron Deficiency AgentsFor, Agents For Sickle Cell Anemia
• Treatment Replaceme

Erythropies:

• Epoetin alf is Erythropies
• Anemia car

Iron Deficiency Agents:

• Ferrious suli, ferrous glu are examples of iron deficiency agents
• Anemia car

Agents for Sickle Cell Anemia:

• Includes Folic Acid: Folic acid ( Leucovorin , B 12 ,Hydroxoco, Cyanocoba; and Hydroxyurea (Droxia)
• Treats Sickle Cell Anemia
• Sickle cell disease is an inherited
• Hydroxyurea (Droxia) increases the amount of fetal hemoglobin
• Hydroxyurea (Droxia) Dilutes formation of the abnormal

Adverse effects

• CNS - Headache
• Oral - GI irrita
• Causes Pain and di
• Parental - irritation
• Nasal irritation
• Headache, dizziness, disorientation

Cautions

• Take this agent with vitamin C
• Sickle cell disease is characterized by a genetically inherited hemoglobin S, that gives s the RBCs sickle-shaped appearance.

Drugs Affecting Coagulation

• Includes Platelets, Anticoagulant and Thrombolytic drugs

Antiplatelet

• Aspirin is in this class

Anticoagulant

• Heparin is in this class
• Treatment is Heparin, which have Interactions with Anticoagulants, and antiplatlets

Antiplatelets treat/affect the following:

• Acute Myocard
• Left Ventric
• Atrial Fibrill
• Left Ventric
• Prosthetic failure
• Venous Thr

Thrombolytics

• Reteplase (Retavase) is in this class is and is a treatment for:
• Acute MI
• Pulmonary Emboli
• Ischemic Stroke
• Thromboembolic disorders are medical condit

Action

• Heparin Interfere with
• Reteplase Activating plasminogen to plasmin, which in turn breaks down fibrin threads in a clot to dissolve a formed clot.
• Inhibit plat
• Activating plasminogen
• Side effects include: Bleeding, Cardiac arrhythmias and Hypotension
• Drugs used should be injected and are cleared from t

Antiplatelets

• Interacts with Anticoagulants, antiplatelets
• Note: Thromboembolic disorders involves the formation of thrombi resulting in decreased blood flow through igh or total occlusion of a blood vessel. These conditions are marked by the signs and symptoms of hypoxia, anoxia, or even necrosis in areas affected by the decreased blood flow. Pieces of the thrombus, called emb Doli, can break off and travel through the CV system until they become lodged in a tiny vessel, plugging it up.

This resource covers antihypertensive medications such as ACE inhibitors, ARBs, beta blockers, calcium channel blockers, and alpha blockers. It discusses their usage in treating hypertension, essential hypertension, and their mechanisms of action. Examples include Captopril, Losartan, Propranolol, Amlodipine and Doxazosin.