Test 1 IV/Pharm Integumentary drugs part 4

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Questions and Answers

What is a primary use of antihistamines?

Antiseptic applications

Treatment of bacterial infections

Relief of seasonal allergies (correct)

Management of diabetes

Which of the following are adverse reactions associated with antihistamines?

Sedation (correct)

Nausea

Dry skin

Drowsiness (correct)

In which condition are antihistamines NOT recommended?

Seasonal allergies

Motion sickness

Hypersensitivity (correct)

Cough due to allergies

Which condition is an indication for the use of topical anesthetics?

Minor burns Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following medications is considered an antihistamine?

Zyrtec Signup and view all the answers

What is an appropriate use for keratolytics?

Treating warts Signup and view all the answers

What is a contraindication for using topical enzymes?

Wounds in contact with major body cavities Signup and view all the answers

In which situation should topical corticosteroids be used with caution?

Lactation Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is contraindicated for keratolytics?

Birthmarks with hair Signup and view all the answers

Which statement is true regarding the application of topical anesthetics?

Clean and dry the skin before application. Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary use of Hibiclens (CHG)?

To reduce microbial presence before surgery Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary use of topical corticosteroids?

To reduce itching, redness, and swelling Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following safety tips is NOT recommended for topical medications?

Clean skin with cold water Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following antihistamines is most likely to cause sedation?

Benadryl Signup and view all the answers

What adverse effect is commonly associated with antihistamines that requires caution in patients with respiratory conditions?

Dry mouth Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is an appropriate contraindication for topical corticosteroids?

Moles with hair Signup and view all the answers

Which interaction risks the effectiveness of antihistamines?

Rifampin Signup and view all the answers

In what scenario would the use of keratolytics be especially contraindicated?

Facial warts Signup and view all the answers

What is a key safety recommendation when using topical medications?

Keep nails short Signup and view all the answers

Which condition may require caution with administering antihistamines in geriatric patients?

Parkinson's disease Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary role of topical corticosteroids when treating inflamed skin?

Lower inflammatory responses Signup and view all the answers

What precaution should be taken when prescribing antihistamines to geriatric patients?

Reduced dose due to higher risk of side effects Signup and view all the answers

Which medication would be ineffective when used concurrently with rifampin?

Allegra Signup and view all the answers

What potential side effect of antihistamines may necessitate caution in patients with respiratory issues?

Dry mouth and throat Signup and view all the answers

Which antihistamine is known for having sedative properties?

Benadryl Signup and view all the answers

What is a primary action of topical corticosteroids?

Reduce inflammation and swelling Signup and view all the answers

What type of patients should avoid using keratolytics?

Those with allergies Signup and view all the answers

Which topical medication is utilized specifically before surgical procedures to decrease microorganisms?

Hibiclens (CHG) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following statements correctly describes the application of topical corticosteroids?

They should be rubbed in sparingly and gently Signup and view all the answers

Which antihistamine is least likely to cause sedation?

Claritin Signup and view all the answers

What is a common side effect of antihistamines that can complicate respiratory conditions?

Thickened bronchial secretions Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following medications is contraindicated for use in patients with hypersensitivity issues?

Calcipotriene Signup and view all the answers

Which interaction can significantly enhance the sedative effects of antihistamines?

MAOIs Signup and view all the answers

Which topical medication is primarily used for reducing itching, redness, and swelling associated with skin conditions?

Topical corticosteroids Signup and view all the answers

What adverse effect of antihistamines should be particularly monitored in elderly patients?

Dry mouth Signup and view all the answers

What is a recommended practice when administering topical corticosteroids?

Rub in gently and sparingly. Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following topical medications can be used safely on minor cuts and abrasions?

Hibiclens (CHG) Signup and view all the answers

Which condition is NOT recommended for the use of keratolytics?

Warts on mucous membranes Signup and view all the answers

What is a primary caution when using topical enzymes?

They should not be used in conjunction with other topical medications. Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Antihistamines

Antihistamines counteract histamine effects from injuries, allergic reactions, and hypersensitivity.
Uses:
- Seasonal allergies
- Allergic/vasomotor rhinitis
- Allergic conjunctivitis
- Urticaria
- Adjunctive allergy relief
- Cough relief (colds/allergies)
- Parkinson's disease
- Nausea/vomiting relief
- Motion sickness relief
Adverse reactions:
- Drowsiness
- Sedation
Antihistamines dry the mouth, nose, and throat, and thicken bronchial secretions; avoid in patients with bronchial secretions to prevent coughing difficulties.
Contraindicated in:
- Hypersensitivity
- Pregnancy
Interactions:
- Rifampin reduces absorption.
- MAOIs increase anticholinergic/sedative effects.
- Beta-blockers increase cardiovascular risks.
- Aluminum/magnesium antacids decrease drug concentrations.
Administer with food.
Geriatric patients are more likely to experience anticholinergic effects.
Common antihistamines:
- Zyrtec
- Claritin
- Allegra
- Benadryl
- Phenergan
- Finnegan

Antipsoriatics

Used for psoriasis plaque removal.
Examples:
- Anthralin
- Calcipotriene
Contraindicated in:
- Hypersensitivity

Keratolytics

Used for warts, calluses, corns, and seborrheic keratoses.
Contraindicated in:
- Allergies
- Moles, birthmarks with hair, genital/facial warts, warts on mucous membranes, or infected skin.
Use cautiously in:
- Pregnancy
- Lactation

Miscellaneous Topical Medications

Methiodides penetrate calluses/remove dead tissue.
Silver nitrate is a topical antiseptic.
Burow's solution is an astringent.
Calamine lotion is an astringent.

Topical Medication Safety Tips

Keep nails short to reduce infection risk.
Clean skin with warm water and mild soap.
Rinse and dry skin thoroughly.
Cool wet compresses/baths reduce itching.
Watch for infection signs and report them.

Hibiclens (CHG)

CHG is a topical antiseptic.
Used to decrease microorganisms on skin before surgery.
Can be used for home skin cleaning.
Can be used on minor cuts and abrasions.

Topical Corticosteroids

Anti-inflammatory agents reducing itching, redness, and swelling on inflamed skin.
Uses:
- Psoriasis
- Dermatitis
- Rashes
- Eczema
- Insect bites
- Burns
Apply sparingly and gently rub in.
Do not cover with dressings unless instructed.
Contraindicated in:
- Allergies
Use cautiously in:
- Pregnancy
- Lactation

Topical Enzymes

Used to remove necrotic tissue from chronic dermal ulcers and severe burns.
Contraindicated in:
- Allergy
- Wounds near major body cavities
- Wounds with exposed nerves

Topical Anesthetics

Relieve itching and pain from skin conditions.
Examples:
- MLa-Creme
Clean and dry skin before application.
Remove prior drug residue.
Avoid eating for an hour after application if mouth/throat is numbed.
Uses include:
- Minor burns
- Fungal infections
- Insect bites
- Rashes
- Sunburn
- Plant poisoning
Contraindicated in:
- Allergies
Use cautiously in:
- Patients receiving class I antiarrhythmic drugs.

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Description

This quiz covers the essential aspects of antihistamines, including their uses, adverse reactions, contraindications, and interactions with other medications. Test your knowledge on how antihistamines function in response to allergies and hypersensitivity reactions. Ideal for students in pharmacology or healthcare-related fields.