Antidepressant Medications Quiz

<p>Electroconvulsive therapy (ECT)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Serotonin</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Delayed onset of action</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Mesolimbic pathway</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Decreased activity in the serotonin system</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Decreased binding protein and quantity of 5-HT1A receptors</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Regulating mood and arousal</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Inhibiting serotonin reuptake</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Third-generation antidepressants</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Block reuptake transporter proteins</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>SSRIs</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Weight gain</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Individual differences and symptom severity</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Causing nightmares</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>TCAs</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Anticholinergic effects</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>First-generation antidepressants</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Nausea and headache</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Treating depression</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Affecting sleep with varying drug-dependent effects</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The harmful effects of TCAs on sexual functioning in males include difficulty achieving orgasm, and in both males and females, there may be difficulties with sexual functioning.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>SSRIs and SNRIs may lead to delayed ejaculation or loss of interest in sex, affecting reproduction.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The warning label on SSRIs indicates that children and adolescents are at a higher risk of violence and suicide when taking SSRIs.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The alternative treatments mentioned in the text include natural remedies, electroconvulsive therapy (ECT), deep brain stimulation, transcranial magnetic stimulation, and exercise therapy.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The three major monoamine pathways involved in neurotransmission are the tuberinfundibular pathway, nigrostriatal pathway, and mesocortical pathway. They are responsible for functions such as reward, motivation, voluntary behavior, attention, sleep/wake cycle, feeding, emotions, and the fight/flight response.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Serotonin is involved in the serotonergic system, where it plays a role in regulating mood, arousal, and the sleep/wake cycle. Additionally, serotonin is involved in attention, feeding, emotions, and the fight/flight response.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The monoamine theory of depression proposes that decreased activity in the serotonin system is involved in depression. This is characterized by low levels of 5-HT, tryptophan, and 5-H1AA, as well as decreased numbers of 5-HT transporter proteins and 5-HT1A receptors.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The glucocorticoid theory of depression suggests that during chronic stress, the HPA axis may become overactive, leading to long-lasting consequences on the structure and function of monoamine systems.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The merging theories propose that stress hormones interact in complex ways with monoamine systems. Chronic stress can have long-lasting consequences on the structure and function of monoamine systems, indicating a complex relationship between stress, hormones, and neurotransmission.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The main challenge is that it can take 4-12 weeks for antidepressant medication to achieve its full effectiveness and relieve symptoms, and not necessarily in all individuals.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Chronic stress can have long-lasting consequences on the structure and function of monoamine systems, suggesting that stress can impact the neurotransmission and hormonal balance in the body.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Dopamine, norepinephrine, and serotonin play key roles in the monoamine pathways, influencing mood, arousal, behavior, reward, motivation, and the sleep/wake cycle.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>First-generation antidepressants include MAOIs and TCAs, second-generation includes SSRIs, and third-generation/atypicals include venlafaxine, desvenlafaxine, duloxetine, mirtazapine, and bupropion.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>MAOIs inhibit MAO, TCAs block reuptake transporter proteins, SSRIs block 5-HT reuptake transporter proteins, and SNRIs block 5-HT, NE, and/or DA reuptake transporter proteins.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>MAOIs, TCAs, and SSRIs have similar absorption pharmacokinetics, with SSRIs having slower absorption than TCAs.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Pharmacotherapy often begins with treating with one drug, often SSRIs or newer drugs, and may involve dosing adjustments or combination of drugs.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Individual differences play a significant role in determining the best fit, with symptom severity being a major predictor.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>MAOIs can cause weight gain, dizziness, and adverse interactions, TCAs have anticholinergic effects, and SSRIs may cause mild effects such as nausea and headache.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>All antidepressants affect sleep, with varying drug-dependent effects, and high doses can cause nightmares.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Antidepressants can have subjective effects, effects on performance, and potential tolerance and withdrawal effects.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The main challenge lies in individual differences and placebo response rates can be as high as 30%.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Antidepressants cross the blood-brain and placental barriers, and can be found in significant quantities in breast milk.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Half-lives vary for different antidepressants, with considerable individual variability in pharmacokinetics.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Classes of antidepressants have developed over time, from first-generation (MAOIs, TCAs), to second-generation (SSRIs), and third-generation (SNRIs), influencing the choices in pharmacotherapy.</p> Signup and view all the answers