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Questions and Answers
LMWH has a longer length of action compared to unfractionated heparin.
LMWH has a longer length of action compared to unfractionated heparin.
True
Hypersensitivity reactions are common in long-term heparin exposure.
Hypersensitivity reactions are common in long-term heparin exposure.
False
LMWH inactivates thrombin to a greater extent than factor Xa.
LMWH inactivates thrombin to a greater extent than factor Xa.
False
Monitoring anti-factor Xa activity is always indicated when using LMWH.
Monitoring anti-factor Xa activity is always indicated when using LMWH.
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LMWH has high protein and cellular binding compared to unfractionated heparin.
LMWH has high protein and cellular binding compared to unfractionated heparin.
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All LMWHs should be avoided in individuals with creatinine clearance above 99.
All LMWHs should be avoided in individuals with creatinine clearance above 99.
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Warfarin therapy is usually commenced without any bridging anticoagulation.
Warfarin therapy is usually commenced without any bridging anticoagulation.
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Direct oral anticoagulants (DOACs) have less susceptibility to dietary and drug interaction compared to warfarin.
Direct oral anticoagulants (DOACs) have less susceptibility to dietary and drug interaction compared to warfarin.
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Direct thrombin inhibitors and direct factor 10a inhibitors both inhibit the formation of a fibrin clot.
Direct thrombin inhibitors and direct factor 10a inhibitors both inhibit the formation of a fibrin clot.
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All direct thrombin inhibitors are renally metabolized.
All direct thrombin inhibitors are renally metabolized.
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Heparin exerts its anticoagulant effect by forming a complex with antithrombin III.
Heparin exerts its anticoagulant effect by forming a complex with antithrombin III.
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High INR levels are associated with a low risk of bleeding.
High INR levels are associated with a low risk of bleeding.
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Unfractionated Heparin is absorbed orally for administration.
Unfractionated Heparin is absorbed orally for administration.
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Heparin can be safely administered through the intramuscular route.
Heparin can be safely administered through the intramuscular route.
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DOACs have been found to have similar effects as other anticoagulants but do not require routine coagulation monitoring.
DOACs have been found to have similar effects as other anticoagulants but do not require routine coagulation monitoring.
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Heparin is highly positively charged upon intravenous infusion.
Heparin is highly positively charged upon intravenous infusion.
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A recommended target ratio of activated partial thromboplastin time (aPTT) is 1.5 - 2.2 times the patient's aPTT.
A recommended target ratio of activated partial thromboplastin time (aPTT) is 1.5 - 2.2 times the patient's aPTT.
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Heparin has a long half-life due to slow clearance by the kidneys.
Heparin has a long half-life due to slow clearance by the kidneys.
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Heparin can effectively cross the placenta.
Heparin can effectively cross the placenta.
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Atrial fibrillation is not considered a risk factor for stroke.
Atrial fibrillation is not considered a risk factor for stroke.
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Direct oral anticoagulants are recommended for patients with prosthetic heart valves.
Direct oral anticoagulants are recommended for patients with prosthetic heart valves.
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Direct Factor 10a Inhibitors work by inhibiting the cleavage of prothrombin to thrombin indirectly.
Direct Factor 10a Inhibitors work by inhibiting the cleavage of prothrombin to thrombin indirectly.
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Heparin is indicated in patients with acute coronary syndrome only if they are not undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI).
Heparin is indicated in patients with acute coronary syndrome only if they are not undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI).
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Heparin-induced thrombocytopenia (HIT) type 1 is caused by antibody formation against heparin-platelet factor 4 complex.
Heparin-induced thrombocytopenia (HIT) type 1 is caused by antibody formation against heparin-platelet factor 4 complex.
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Stopping the infusion of heparin is recommended in patients with HIT type 2.
Stopping the infusion of heparin is recommended in patients with HIT type 2.
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The duration of anticoagulation for venous thromboembolism is solely determined by the presence of deep vein thrombosis.
The duration of anticoagulation for venous thromboembolism is solely determined by the presence of deep vein thrombosis.
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Patients with atrial fibrillation have a higher risk of embolization if they have chronic atrial fibrillation compared to paroxysmal atrial fibrillation.
Patients with atrial fibrillation have a higher risk of embolization if they have chronic atrial fibrillation compared to paroxysmal atrial fibrillation.
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Bridging anticoagulation with LMWHs is not indicated for patients at low risk of thromboembolic events.
Bridging anticoagulation with LMWHs is not indicated for patients at low risk of thromboembolic events.
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Initiating therapy with warfarin for patients with uncomplicated nonvalvular atrial fibrillation requires bridging with a heparin product.
Initiating therapy with warfarin for patients with uncomplicated nonvalvular atrial fibrillation requires bridging with a heparin product.
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For patients with a recent pulmonary emboli, bridging anticoagulation with a heparin product is recommended when initiating treatment.
For patients with a recent pulmonary emboli, bridging anticoagulation with a heparin product is recommended when initiating treatment.
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Treatment duration with anticoagulation should always be the same regardless of recurrence and risk of bleeding.
Treatment duration with anticoagulation should always be the same regardless of recurrence and risk of bleeding.
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Anticoagulation should be avoided in pregnant patients.
Anticoagulation should be avoided in pregnant patients.
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Patients with an aortic dissection or aneurysm are considered to have absolute contraindications for anticoagulation.
Patients with an aortic dissection or aneurysm are considered to have absolute contraindications for anticoagulation.
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