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Anticoagulation Mechanism Quiz

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Questions and Answers

Which drug is a lipid-soluble derivative of Vitamin K and increases the activity of Antithrombin III?

Warfarin (correct)
Protamine sulfate
Fresh frozen plasma
Heparin

What is the main antagonist (antidote) for Coumarin (Warfarin) toxicity?

Fresh frozen plasma
Protamine sulfate
Vitamin K (correct)
Heparin

Which drug has a half-life of 30+ hours and is administered orally?

Protamine sulfate
Heparin
Warfarin (correct)
Vitamin K

Which condition can be caused by the cross-placental barrier effect of Warfarin during pregnancy?

Hemorrhagic disorder in fetus (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the mechanism of action for Heparins?

$ ext{Increase activity of Antithrombin III}$ (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the main route of administration for Heparins?

$ ext{Intravenously (IV)}$ (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the effect of Coumarins like Warfarin on Vitamin K-dependent clotting factors?

$ ext{Prevent their synthesis}$ (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is the monitoring parameter for Heparins' anticoagulant activity?

$ ext{Partial thromboplastin time (PTT)}$ (A) Signup and view all the answers

Which drug can be used for rapid anticoagulation in cases such as unstable angina or open heart surgery?

$ ext{Heparin}$ (D) Signup and view all the answers

Which drug has a rapid onset of action through chemical antagonism and can be used to manage bleeding fast?

$ ext{Protamine sulfate}$ (B) Signup and view all the answers

Explain the potential toxicities associated with nonpredictable responses to polymorphisms in CYT P450 isoforms that metabolize warfarin.

Nonpredictable responses to polymorphisms in CYT P450 isoforms that metabolize warfarin can lead to toxicities or underuse of the medication. Signup and view all the answers

What are the potential adverse effects of warfarin on pregnancy, and what alternative treatment is recommended for pregnant women?

Warfarin can cross the placental barrier and lead to abortion, hemorrhagic disorder in the fetus, and birth defects. It is recommended to give heparin or LMWH instead of warfarin to pregnant women. Signup and view all the answers

What is the potential risk of using Warfarin during pregnancy, and what alternative treatment is recommended for pregnant women?

The potential risks of using Warfarin during pregnancy include crossing the placental barrier, leading to abortion, hemorrhagic disorder in the fetus, and birth defects. Heparin or LMWH is recommended as an alternative treatment for pregnant women. Signup and view all the answers

What are the main pharmacological actions of Heparins, and for which conditions are they used for rapid and long-term anticoagulation?

Heparins increase the activity of Antithrombin III, leading to the inactivation of coagulation factors IIa, VIIa, IXa, Xa, XIa, and XIIa. They are used for rapid anticoagulation in cases such as thromboses, emboli, unstable angina, disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC), and open heart surgery. For long-term anticoagulation, they are used for conditions like thromboses, emboli, post-MI, heart valve damage, and atrial arrhythmias. Signup and view all the answers

What are the potential adverse effects and drug interactions associated with Coumarin (Warfarin) therapy?

The potential adverse effects of Coumarin (Warfarin) therapy include bleeding, osteoporosis, thrombocytopenia (HIT), hypersensitivity, and skin necrosis (if low protein C). Drug interactions and teratogenic effects leading to bone dysmorphogenesis are also associated with Coumarin (Warfarin) therapy. Signup and view all the answers

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