134 Questions
What is the normal range for aPTT (activated partial thromboplastin time)?
25-35 seconds
What is the therapeutic level of aPTT when a patient is on heparin?
50-70 seconds
What is the normal range for platelet count per microliter of blood?
150,000 to 450,000
What is the priority intervention to reverse an asthma attack?
Administer a bronchodilator
What are the signs and symptoms of pulmonary toxicity caused by amiodarone?
Dyspnea, coughing, pleuritic chest pain
What is the priority intervention for a patient with uncontrolled atrial fibrillation (A-FIB) with a heart rate over 100 bpm?
Administer calcium channel blockers
What is the purpose of transesophageal echocardiography (TEE) in a patient with new onset atrial fibrillation (A-FIB)?
To detect blood clots before cardioversion
What is the primary goal of anticoagulation therapy for a patient with A-FIB?
To prevent blood clots
What is the antidysrhythmic effect of amiodarone?
Slows the heart rate and can prolong QT intervals
What is the primary purpose of TEE (transesophageal echocardiography) in a patient with new onset atrial fibrillation?
To look for blood clots before cardioversion
What is the priority intervention for a patient with uncontrolled atrial fibrillation (A-FIB) and a heart rate over 100 bpm?
Administer calcium channel blockers or beta blockers
What is the potential consequence of heparin-induced thrombocytopenia (HIT)?
Decreased platelet count due to the immune system causing clotting
What is the desired effect of heparin therapy in terms of aPTT (activated partial thromboplastin time) values?
Higher aPTT values
What is the primary medication for an asthma exacerbation?
Albuterol (short-acting beta agonist)
What is the normal range for platelet count per microliter of blood?
150,000 to 450,000 platelets
What should be monitored to detect potential pulmonary toxicity caused by amiodarone?
Dyspnea, coughing, SOB, pleuritic chest pain
What is the normal range for aPTT (activated partial thromboplastin time)?
25-35 seconds
What is the antidysrhythmic effect of amiodarone?
Slows heart rate
What is the priority intervention for a patient with uncontrolled atrial fibrillation (A-FIB) and a heart rate over 100 bpm?
Administer beta blockers
What is the potential consequence of heparin-induced thrombocytopenia (HIT)?
Decreased platelet count
What is the primary goal of anticoagulation therapy for a patient with A-FIB?
Prevent blood clot formation
What should be monitored to detect potential pulmonary toxicity caused by amiodarone?
Symptoms such as dyspnea and coughing
What is the priority intervention to reverse an asthma attack?
Administer a bronchodilator
What is the normal range for platelet count per microliter of blood?
150,000 to 450,000
What is the desired effect of heparin therapy in terms of aPTT (activated partial thromboplastin time) values?
Higher aPTT values
What is the primary medication for an asthma exacerbation?
Albuterol
What is the therapeutic level of aPTT when a patient is on heparin?
50-70 seconds
What is the purpose of TEE (transesophageal echocardiography) in a patient with new onset atrial fibrillation?
Detect blood clots before cardioversion
Which electrolyte has an abnormal range of (8.5-10.0)?
Calcium
Which symptom is associated with right-sided heart failure?
Jugular venous distension (JVD)
Which symptom is associated with left-sided heart failure?
Fatigue
Which electrolyte has an abnormal range of (3.5-5.0)?
Potassium
Which symptom is associated with right-sided heart failure?
Jugular venous distension (JVD)
What are the signs and symptoms of left-sided heart failure?
Fatigue and weakness
Which of the following is a potential cause of hypovolemia (isotonic dehydration)?
Hemorrhage
What is a potential complication of a rapid and severe dehydration?
Seizures
What is a common sign of hypovolemia (isotonic dehydration)?
Thready pulse
What is the recommended nursing care for a patient with hypovolemia?
Give fluids (oral or IV)
Which symptom is associated with fluid volume excess?
Bounding pulse
What is the potential consequence of severe hyponatremia in the context of fluid imbalance?
Seizures
What is the recommended position for a patient with pulmonary edema?
High fowlers position
Which action is essential for a patient taking warfarin?
Limiting intake of green leafy vegetables
What should a patient do if they notice blood in their stool while taking warfarin?
Immediately report it
What is an important precaution for a patient on warfarin therapy?
Using an electric razor when shaving
Which of the following is a potential sign or symptom of anemia?
Confusion and disorientation
Which of the following laboratory findings is indicative of anemia?
Low hemoglobin, hematocrit, and ferritin
Which of the following physical signs is associated with anemia?
Spoon-shaped fingernails
Which of the following is a potential sign of anemia?
Cool, pale skin
Which laboratory finding is indicative of anemia?
Low ferritin
Which symptom is commonly associated with anemia?
Fatigue
Which group of individuals is at higher risk for osteoporosis?
Petite, older, white women
What is a common risk factor for osteoporosis?
Chronic steroid use
What is considered the gold standard test for osteoporosis?
DEXA scan
What is a recommended precaution for a patient post hip replacement surgery?
Turn with a pillow in between legs to prevent hips from crossing
What is a prophylactic medication recommended for a patient at home post hip replacement surgery?
Lovenox
What is a recommended assistive device for a patient post hip replacement surgery?
A raised toilet seat
Which of the following is not a common sign of osteomyelitis?
Hypertension
Which symptom is not typically associated with osteomyelitis?
Hypothermia
What is a potential indicator of poor perfusion in a patient with osteomyelitis?
Venostasis ulcers
Which of the following is a recommended approach to decrease the incidence of falls and injuries in individuals at risk of vertigo or dizziness?
Take vitamin D and calcium supplements
What is a recommended activity to help prevent osteoporosis and strengthen muscles?
Engaging in weight-bearing exercises
What is a recommended limit for alcohol intake for individuals at risk of vertigo or dizziness?
No more than 3 drinks per day
What is a potential risk of taking calcium and vitamin D supplements for osteoporosis?
Renal stones/calculi
What might a patient complain of if they have too much calcium in their body due to supplementation?
Colicky flank pain
Which nutrients are commonly recommended as supplements for osteoporosis?
Calcium, vitamin D
What is the immediate issue in wet macular degeneration?
Abnormal blood vessel growth under the macula
What is the early indication of dry macular degeneration?
Drusen bodies
Which activity should a patient with glaucoma avoid to prevent an increase in intraocular pressure (IOP)?
Sneezing and coughing
What should a patient with corneal abrasion report as a manifestation of infection?
Yellow or green drainage
What should a patient with corneal abrasion avoid to prevent exacerbating the condition?
Tilting head back to wash hair
What is a recommended measure to reduce the risk of DVT related to hip replacement surgery?
Administering prophylactic anticoagulants
Why are older adults considered more at risk for DVT after hip replacement surgery?
Because of compromised circulation before surgery
What is a risk factor that predisposes individuals to DVT after hip replacement surgery?
History of venous thromboembolism formation
Which activity should a patient avoid to prevent an increase in intraocular pressure (IOP) after cataract surgery?
Tilting head back to wash hair
What is a potential manifestation of infection that a patient should report after cataract surgery?
Yellow or green drainage
Which symptom should a patient report immediately after cataract surgery?
Flashes of light
What is the recommended treatment for severe pain in patients with Sickle Cell Disease?
Oxygen therapy
What should be avoided to prevent vasoconstriction in patients with Sickle Cell Disease?
Cold compresses
What is a common trigger to be avoided by patients with Sickle Cell Disease?
High atmospheric pressure
What is the most appropriate intervention for a patient with a new onset of DVT?
Measure the difference in size of the calf and assess for warmth and redness
What is the contraindication for a patient with new onset DVT?
Massaging the affected leg
What lab test is likely to be elevated in a patient with a new onset of DVT?
D-dimer
Which symptom is commonly associated with pericarditis?
Pleuritic chest pain
Which finding on an ECG is indicative of pericarditis?
ST elevation
What is a potential complication of pericarditis?
Cardiac tamponade
Which class of medication is zoledronic acid?
Bisphosphonate
What is the mechanism of action of zoledronic acid in Paget's disease?
Inhibition of bone resorption
What is the preferred medication for Paget disease?
Alendronate
Which medication is commonly used for the treatment of osteoporosis?
Teriparatide
Which medication is a bisphosphonate commonly used for osteoporosis and Paget disease?
Ibandronate
What is the primary purpose of bumetanide (bumex) client teaching?
To educate the client about the medication's use and potential side effects
What is a potential risk factor for a patient taking bumetanide (bumex)?
Hypokalemia
What is a common side effect associated with bumetanide (bumex) use?
Hypotension
What is a potential side effect associated with bumetanide (Bumex) use?
Hypokalemia
What is a recommended nursing consideration for a patient receiving bumetanide (Bumex)?
Monitor for signs of dehydration
What is a potential consequence of severe dehydration?
Hypovolemic shock
What is the antidote for enoxaparin (Lovenox) if needed?
Protamine sulfate
What is a key advantage of enoxaparin (Lovenox) over heparin?
Lower risk of bleeding
What should be monitored in patients taking enoxaparin (Lovenox)?
INR (International Normalized Ratio)
Which of the following is a potential adverse effect of clopidogrel (Plavix) therapy?
Tinnitus
What is the recommended action regarding the use of caffeine while on clopidogrel (Plavix) therapy?
Limit caffeine intake
When should clopidogrel (Plavix) be discontinued prior to surgery?
5-7 days before surgery
What effect does high dose dopamine produce?
Constriction of renal blood vessels
What is the purpose of low dose dopamine therapy?
Causing renal blood vessels to dilate
What is the purpose of high dose dopamine therapy?
Constricting renal blood vessels
What is the evaluation of outcomes for dopamine therapy?
Improved perfusion as evidenced by urine output of greater than or equal to 30mL/hr
Which is a potential side effect of statin use that requires monitoring of CK levels?
Myopathy
What is a contraindication for the use of statins?
Liver disorders
What is the purpose of using lidocaine in CPR for dysrhythmias?
Treatment of dysrhythmias
What is the primary purpose of using lipid-lowering agents such as simvastatin and atorvastatin?
Decreased LDL
What is the purpose of using lidocaine in CPR for dysrhythmias?
To stabilize cardiac rhythm
What is the primary action of lidocaine in CPR for dysrhythmias?
Local anesthesia
How is the effectiveness of lidocaine in CPR for dysrhythmias evaluated?
Continuous ECG monitoring
What is a potential side effect of trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole (TMP-SMZ) therapy?
Photosensitivity
Which of the following is a contraindication for trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole (TMP-SMZ) use?
Renal insufficiency
What is a potential serious adverse effect of trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole (TMP-SMZ) therapy?
Agranulocytosis
Which condition is a contraindication for the use of trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole (TMP-SMZ)?
Steven-Johnson's syndrome
What should be monitored periodically for individuals on trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole (TMP-SMZ) therapy?
Renal function tests
What is a potential risk for newborns associated with trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole (TMP-SMZ)?
Jaundice
What is the most important teaching point for a client prescribed nitrofurantoin (Macrodantin)?
The medication can cause urine discoloration and tooth staining, so it should be taken with food or milk.
What should a client report as a potential sign of an adverse reaction to nitrofurantoin (Macrodantin)?
Flushing, chills, fever, shortness of breath, and chest pain.
What is a potential risk of chronic use of nitrofurantoin (Macrodantin)?
Peripheral neuropathy.
What nursing action is appropriate for a patient experiencing N/V/D while taking fluoroquinolones?
Advise the patient to take the medication with food, except with dairy products
What precaution should a patient taking fluoroquinolones observe to prevent phototoxicity?
Wearing protective clothing and avoiding sunlight exposure
What complication should be monitored when a patient is concurrently using warfarin and fluoroquinolones?
Increased INR levels
Which of the following is a potential adverse effect of tolterodine tartrate (Detrol) therapy?
Photosensitivity
What is a contraindication for the use of tolterodine tartrate (Detrol)?
Narrow-angle glaucoma
What is the primary purpose of tolterodine tartrate (Detrol) in the management of overactive bladder?
Reduce urge to void
What is the recommended action for a patient taking NSAIDs before surgery?
Stop taking 1 week before surgery
Which supplement can suppress coagulation effect and should be used with caution in those taking NSAIDs?
Ginkgo biloba
What should be done to reduce gastrointestinal upset when taking NSAIDs?
Take NSAIDs with milk, water, or food
What is the recommended initial treatment for aspirin toxicity?
Use of activated charcoal
What are the potential systemic effects of mydriatic eye drops containing phenylephrine?
Tachycardia and respiratory depression
What is the primary purpose of cooling a patient down with tepid water in aspirin toxicity?
To lower body temperature
Test your knowledge on anticoagulant monitoring and management with this quiz. Explore topics such as INR, PT, aPTT, and their relation to medications like warfarin and heparin. Learn about the desired effect of heparin, the significance of aPTT values, and the importance of monitoring platelet levels.
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