64 Questions
Which adverse effect is NOT associated with carmustine?
Neurotoxicity
What is the primary route of administration for lomustine?
Oral
What is the main mechanism of action of alkylating agents like carmustine and lomustine?
Inhibiting DNA synthesis
Which adverse effect is common to both carmustine and lomustine?
Impotence
What is the primary route of excretion for nitrosoureas like lomustine?
Urine
Which of the following is a common adverse effect of nitrosoureas like carmustine and lomustine?
Nephrotoxicity
What is the primary mechanism of action of nitrosoureas like streptozocin?
Inhibition of DNA synthesis
Which type of cancer is lomustine commonly used to treat?
Pancreatic cancer
What is the primary route of administration for platinum coordination complexes like cisplatin and carboplatin?
IV
How are platinum coordination complexes excreted from the body?
Urine
Which of the following is NOT a route of administration for oxaliplatin?
Oral
In what manner are platinum coordination complexes like cisplatin and carboplatin commonly used?
In combination synergism
Which type of cancer is commonly treated with oxaliplatin?
Colorectal cancer
When is carboplatin preferred over cisplatin?
When the patient cannot be vigorously hydrated
For which type of cancer is cisplatin commonly used?
Germ cell cancer
What is a significant consideration when using carboplatin?
Requires vigorous hydration of the patient
Carboplatin can be used when the patient has kidney dysfunction or is prone to neuro or ototoxicity.
True
Oxaliplatin is commonly used to treat colorectal cancer.
True
Cisplatin is commonly used for the treatment of non-small cell lung cancer.
True
Platinum coordination complexes are commonly used in the treatment of hematologic malignancies.
False
Which platinum coordination complex is primarily associated with neurotoxicity?
Cisplatin
What is the most common adverse effect of oxaliplatin?
Cold induced peripheral neuropathy
Which platinum coordination complex is known for causing mild gastrointestinal toxicity?
Carboplatin
What is the primary adverse effect of carboplatin?
Myelosuppression
Which type of drugs affect the equilibrium between polymerized and depolymerized forms of microtubules?
Vinca alkaloids
In the treatment of which cancer type is cisplatin commonly used?
Non-small cell lung cancer
What is the primary route of administration for vinca alkaloids and taxane family drugs?
Intravenous route
Which platinum coordination complex is primarily associated with neurotoxicity?
Oxaliplatin
What is the primary route of metabolism for vinca alkaloids?
Liver and excretion in bile and feces
Which adverse effect is commonly associated with vinca alkaloids?
Peripheral neuropathy
What is the mode of action of vinca alkaloids?
Inhibition of mitosis through inhibition of tubulin polymerization
Which platinum coordination complex is known for causing mild gastrointestinal toxicity?
Carboplatin
What adverse effect is commonly associated with Vincristine (VCR)?
Neurotoxicity
Which cancer type is Vinorelbine (VRB) commonly used to treat?
Breast cancer
What is the main use of Vinblastine (VBL)?
Non Hodgkin lymphomas
What is the primary adverse effect of Vinca alkaloids?
Myelosuppression
What is the primary mechanism of action of Taxane family drugs like paclitaxel and docetaxel?
Promote polymerization and stabilization of the microtubule polymer
What is the primary route of metabolism for Taxane family drugs like paclitaxel and docetaxel?
Liver metabolism and elimination in bile and feces
Which adverse effect is commonly associated with Taxane family drugs like paclitaxel and docetaxel?
Neutropenia
When administering paclitaxel, what is the recommended action to prevent hypersensitivity reactions?
Premedication with specific medications
What is the mechanism of action of camptothecins like irinotecan and topotecan?
Inhibit topoisomerase I
What is the active metabolite of irinotecan, which is 1000 times more potent than irinotecan itself?
SN-38
In which condition is topotecan commonly used?
Metastatic ovarian cancer when primary therapy has failed
For which cancer type is irinotecan commonly used in combination with 5-FU and leucovorin?
Colorectal carcinoma
What is the primary adverse effect associated with irinotecan?
Diarrhea (life threatening require treatment with atropine or loperamide)
Which adverse effect is primarily associated with topotecan?
Myelosuppression
Which side effect is most commonly associated with camptothecins as a class?
Gastrointestinal toxicity
Which adverse effect is NOT commonly associated with camptothecins?
Neurotoxicity
What is the primary mode of action of etoposide?
Inhibit topoisomerase II
Which adverse effect is commonly associated with camptothecins like irinotecan and topotecan?
Myelosuppression
In which phase of the cell cycle do camptothecins like irinotecan and topotecan specifically block cells?
Late S to G2 phase
What is the most common route of administration for etoposide?
IV or orally
Which type of tumors may be hormone responsive, hormone dependent, or both?
Primary tumors
What is the primary mode of action of selective estrogen modulator (SERM)?
Blocking estrogen receptors
Which agents are used to treat hormone dependent tumors?
Gonadotropin releasing hormone (GnRH) analogs
What is the primary function of antiandrogens in the treatment of tumors?
Reducing androgen receptors
What is the first-line therapy for estrogen receptor-positive breast cancer and the prevention of breast cancer in high-risk women?
Tamoxifen
What is the primary route of metabolism for tamoxifen?
Metabolized in the liver
Which enzyme does tamoxifen inhibit, leading to potential drug-drug interactions?
CYP 3A4
What are some of the adverse effects associated with tamoxifen?
Hot flashes, skin rashes, and vision changes
Tamoxifen acts as an estrogen antagonist in breast tissue and an agonist in bone and endometrium.
True
Tamoxifen is primarily metabolized in the kidneys.
False
Tamoxifen is associated with adverse effects such as hot flashes and thromboembolism.
True
Tamoxifen is the first-line therapy for progesterone receptor-positive breast cancer.
False
Test your knowledge of anticancer drugs, specifically carmustine and lomustine. Learn about their mechanisms of action, pharmacokinetics, and adverse effects.
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