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Questions and Answers
What is the primary mechanism of action of bacteriostatic antibiotics?
What is the primary mechanism of action of bacteriostatic antibiotics?
- Inhibition of bacterial DNA replication
- Inhibition of bacterial cell wall formation
- Inhibition of bacterial protein synthesis
- Inhibition of bacterial growth without killing bacteria (correct)
Which class of antibiotics inhibits bacterial folic acid synthesis?
Which class of antibiotics inhibits bacterial folic acid synthesis?
- Beta-lactams
- Aminoglycosides
- Macrolides
- Sulphonamides (correct)
What is the mechanism of action of beta-lactam antibiotics?
What is the mechanism of action of beta-lactam antibiotics?
- Inhibition of bacterial protein synthesis
- Inhibition of bacterial DNA replication
- Inhibition of bacterial folic acid synthesis
- Inhibition of bacterial cell wall formation (correct)
Which type of antibiotics directly kills bacteria?
Which type of antibiotics directly kills bacteria?
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What is the primary mechanism of action of aminoglycoside antibiotics?
What is the primary mechanism of action of aminoglycoside antibiotics?
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Which class of antibiotics includes penicillins, cephalosporins, and carbapenems?
Which class of antibiotics includes penicillins, cephalosporins, and carbapenems?
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Study Notes
Types of Antibiotics
Bacteriostatic vs. Bactericidal
- Bacteriostatic: Inhibit bacterial growth, but do not kill bacteria (e.g., tetracyclines, sulphonamides)
- Bactericidal: Kill bacteria directly (e.g., beta-lactams, aminoglycosides)
Mechanisms of Action
- Cell wall inhibitors: Interfere with bacterial cell wall formation (e.g., beta-lactams, glycopeptides)
- Protein synthesis inhibitors: Interfere with bacterial protein synthesis (e.g., tetracyclines, aminoglycosides)
- Folic acid synthesis inhibitors: Interfere with bacterial folic acid synthesis (e.g., sulphonamides)
- DNA replication inhibitors: Interfere with bacterial DNA replication (e.g., fluoroquinolones)
Classes of Antibiotics
- Beta-lactams:
- Penicillins (e.g., penicillin G, ampicillin)
- Cephalosporins (e.g., cephalexin, ceftriaxone)
- Carbapenems (e.g., imipenem, meropenem)
- Monobactams (e.g., aztreonam)
- Aminoglycosides:
- Streptomycin
- Gentamicin
- Tobramycin
- Macrolides:
- Erythromycin
- Clarithromycin
- Azithromycin
- Tetracyclines:
- Tetracycline
- Doxycycline
- Minocycline
- Fluoroquinolones:
- Ciprofloxacin
- Levofloxacin
- Moxifloxacin
- Sulphonamides:
- Sulfamethoxazole
- Sulfisoxazole
- Glycopeptides:
- Vancomycin
- Teicoplanin
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