6 Questions
What is the primary mechanism of action of bacteriostatic antibiotics?
Inhibition of bacterial growth without killing bacteria
Which class of antibiotics inhibits bacterial folic acid synthesis?
Sulphonamides
What is the mechanism of action of beta-lactam antibiotics?
Inhibition of bacterial cell wall formation
Which type of antibiotics directly kills bacteria?
Bactericidal antibiotics
What is the primary mechanism of action of aminoglycoside antibiotics?
Inhibition of bacterial protein synthesis
Which class of antibiotics includes penicillins, cephalosporins, and carbapenems?
Beta-lactams
Study Notes
Types of Antibiotics
Bacteriostatic vs. Bactericidal
- Bacteriostatic: Inhibit bacterial growth, but do not kill bacteria (e.g., tetracyclines, sulphonamides)
- Bactericidal: Kill bacteria directly (e.g., beta-lactams, aminoglycosides)
Mechanisms of Action
- Cell wall inhibitors: Interfere with bacterial cell wall formation (e.g., beta-lactams, glycopeptides)
- Protein synthesis inhibitors: Interfere with bacterial protein synthesis (e.g., tetracyclines, aminoglycosides)
- Folic acid synthesis inhibitors: Interfere with bacterial folic acid synthesis (e.g., sulphonamides)
- DNA replication inhibitors: Interfere with bacterial DNA replication (e.g., fluoroquinolones)
Classes of Antibiotics
-
Beta-lactams:
- Penicillins (e.g., penicillin G, ampicillin)
- Cephalosporins (e.g., cephalexin, ceftriaxone)
- Carbapenems (e.g., imipenem, meropenem)
- Monobactams (e.g., aztreonam)
-
Aminoglycosides:
- Streptomycin
- Gentamicin
- Tobramycin
-
Macrolides:
- Erythromycin
- Clarithromycin
- Azithromycin
-
Tetracyclines:
- Tetracycline
- Doxycycline
- Minocycline
-
Fluoroquinolones:
- Ciprofloxacin
- Levofloxacin
- Moxifloxacin
-
Sulphonamides:
- Sulfamethoxazole
- Sulfisoxazole
-
Glycopeptides:
- Vancomycin
- Teicoplanin
Identify and classify different types of antibiotics based on their mechanisms of action, bacteriostatic or bactericidal properties, and classes. Learn about beta-lactams, aminoglycosides, macrolides, tetracyclines, fluoroquinolones, sulphonamides, and glycopeptides.
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