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Questions and Answers
What is the primary mechanism of action of bacteriostatic antibiotics?
What is the primary mechanism of action of bacteriostatic antibiotics?
Which class of antibiotics inhibits bacterial folic acid synthesis?
Which class of antibiotics inhibits bacterial folic acid synthesis?
What is the mechanism of action of beta-lactam antibiotics?
What is the mechanism of action of beta-lactam antibiotics?
Which type of antibiotics directly kills bacteria?
Which type of antibiotics directly kills bacteria?
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What is the primary mechanism of action of aminoglycoside antibiotics?
What is the primary mechanism of action of aminoglycoside antibiotics?
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Which class of antibiotics includes penicillins, cephalosporins, and carbapenems?
Which class of antibiotics includes penicillins, cephalosporins, and carbapenems?
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Study Notes
Types of Antibiotics
Bacteriostatic vs. Bactericidal
- Bacteriostatic: Inhibit bacterial growth, but do not kill bacteria (e.g., tetracyclines, sulphonamides)
- Bactericidal: Kill bacteria directly (e.g., beta-lactams, aminoglycosides)
Mechanisms of Action
- Cell wall inhibitors: Interfere with bacterial cell wall formation (e.g., beta-lactams, glycopeptides)
- Protein synthesis inhibitors: Interfere with bacterial protein synthesis (e.g., tetracyclines, aminoglycosides)
- Folic acid synthesis inhibitors: Interfere with bacterial folic acid synthesis (e.g., sulphonamides)
- DNA replication inhibitors: Interfere with bacterial DNA replication (e.g., fluoroquinolones)
Classes of Antibiotics
-
Beta-lactams:
- Penicillins (e.g., penicillin G, ampicillin)
- Cephalosporins (e.g., cephalexin, ceftriaxone)
- Carbapenems (e.g., imipenem, meropenem)
- Monobactams (e.g., aztreonam)
-
Aminoglycosides:
- Streptomycin
- Gentamicin
- Tobramycin
-
Macrolides:
- Erythromycin
- Clarithromycin
- Azithromycin
-
Tetracyclines:
- Tetracycline
- Doxycycline
- Minocycline
-
Fluoroquinolones:
- Ciprofloxacin
- Levofloxacin
- Moxifloxacin
-
Sulphonamides:
- Sulfamethoxazole
- Sulfisoxazole
-
Glycopeptides:
- Vancomycin
- Teicoplanin
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Description
Identify and classify different types of antibiotics based on their mechanisms of action, bacteriostatic or bactericidal properties, and classes. Learn about beta-lactams, aminoglycosides, macrolides, tetracyclines, fluoroquinolones, sulphonamides, and glycopeptides.
