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Antibiotics and Mechanism of Action

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Questions and Answers

What is a crucial criterion for an effective antibiotic?

It must be able to affect microbial physiology that does not exist or is greatly modified in humans (correct)
It must be able to affect human physiology
It must be able to affect only gram-positive bacteria
It must be able to affect only gram-negative bacteria

What is the primary mechanism of action of bacteriostatic antibiotics?

They prevent the growth of organisms (correct)
They stimulate the immune system
They kill the target organisms
They inhibit protein synthesis

What is the term for the compound produced by one microbe that adversely affects other microbes?

Antiviral
Antibiotic (correct)
Bactericidal
Antimicrobial

Who is credited with discovering the first antibiotic, prontosil?

Gerhard Domagk (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of the Kirby-Bauer Disk Susceptibility test?

To test the sensitivity of an organism to multiple antibiotics (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is the target of beta-lactam antibiotics, such as penicillin and cephalosporins?

The bacterial peptidoglycan cell wall (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is the mechanism of action of quinolones, such as nalidixic acid and ciprofloxacin?

They block bacterial DNA gyrase (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is the mechanism of action of sulfa drugs?

They block the action of folic acid (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the lowest concentration of an antibiotic that prevents the growth of an organism?

MIC (minimal inhibitory concentration) (D) Signup and view all the answers

Who is credited with proposing that bacteria and molds engage in perpetual battle for survival?

Ernest Duchesne (B) Signup and view all the answers