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Antibiotics and Antimicrobial Terminology

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Antibiotics and Antimicrobial Terminology

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Questions and Answers

What is the difference between bactericidal and bacteriostatic antibiotics?

Bactericidal antibiotics inhibit bacterial growth, while bacteriostatic antibiotics kill bacteria

Bactericidal antibiotics lyse or kill bacteria, while bacteriostatic antibiotics reversibly inhibit bacterial growth (correct)

Bactericidal antibiotics are effective against viruses, while bacteriostatic antibiotics are effective against bacteria

Bactericidal antibiotics have a broad spectrum, while bacteriostatic antibiotics have a narrow spectrum

What is the definition of Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC)?

The lowest antibiotic concentration that prevents growth of microorganism after an incubation period of 18 – 24 hours (correct)

The concentration of antibiotic required to inhibit the growth of all microorganisms in a given sample

The average antibiotic concentration that reduces the growth of microorganism by 50%

The highest antibiotic concentration that kills the microorganism within a short period of time

What leads to resistance to antimicrobials?

Physical exercise and activity

Exposure to sunlight and air

Mutation in the gene that determines sensitivity/resistance to the agent (correct)

Consuming acidic foods and beverages

What is the definition of Narrow Spectrum Antimicrobial?

An antimicrobial that acts on a limited number of microbial species Signup and view all the answers

What are the principles of Antibiotic Therapy according to the text?

$1$: To determine the severity of infection, $2$: To evaluate the state of patient's host defense mechanisms, $3$: To determine whether the patient should be treated by general dentist or specialist, $4$: To treat infection surgically, $5$: To support the patient medically, $6$: To choose the appropriate antibiotic, $7$: Proper antibiotic administration, $8$: Monitoring the patient Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for substances derived from microorganisms that suppress the growth or kill other microorganisms at very low concentrations?

Antibiotics Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for an antimicrobial that acts on a limited number of microbial species?

Narrow Spectrum Antimicrobial Signup and view all the answers

What is the lowest antibiotic concentration that prevents the growth of a microorganism after an 18-24 hour incubation period?

Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) Signup and view all the answers

Which principle of Antibiotic Therapy involves determining whether the patient should be treated by a general dentist or specialist?

Principles 3 Signup and view all the answers

What can lead to resistance to an antimicrobial?

Mutation in the gene that determines sensitivity/resistance to the agent Signup and view all the answers