30 Questions
Which category of drugs increases upper GIT motility and gastric emptying?
Prokinetic drugs
What is the mechanism of action of Macrolide antibiotics (Erythromycin) in increasing gastric motility?
Stimulating motilin receptors
Which drug is used for treating conditions like Gastroesophageal reflux (GERD) and Gastroparesis?
Metoclopramide
What is the main cause of vomiting according to the text?
Stress-induced dopamine release
Which class of drugs is responsible for acting on the chemoreceptor trigger zone (CTZ) to prevent vomiting?
Antiemetic agents
Which drug category is used for decreasing GIT motility?
Antispasmodic drugs
What is the main effect of blocking dopamine receptors in the chemoreceptor trigger zone of the medulla?
Prokinetic action
Which adverse effect is commonly associated with anti-dopamine drugs?
Sedation
What distinguishes Domperidone from Metoclopramide in terms of extrapyramidal effects?
Domperidone has no extrapyramidal effects
Which drug is more likely to induce hyperprolactinemia due to D2 blockade in the pituitary gland?
Metoclopramide
Which anti-dopamine drug does not pass the blood-brain barrier (BBB)?
Domperidone
What is a significant adverse effect of Metoclopramide that is not associated with Domperidone?
Extrapyramidal effects
What is the mechanism of action of osmotic laxatives?
Increase osmotic pressure to draw water into the intestinal lumen
When should stimulant laxatives be used according to the text?
Short-term treatment of constipation
Which condition can overuse of osmotic laxatives lead to?
Metabolic alkalosis
What is the main side effect associated with stimulant laxatives?
Diarrhea and dehydration
What is the role of fecal softeners according to the text?
To soften stool for easier passage through the intestinal tract
What is the main indication for using osmotic laxatives as mentioned in the text?
To treat opioid-induced constipation
What is the mechanism of action of anti-muscarinic drugs like hyoscine (scopolamine)?
They compete with acetylcholine at muscarinic receptors in the gut and CNS
What is the main indication for using anti-histaminic drugs like diphenhydramine?
Relief of allergic rhinitis and allergic reactions
What is the mechanism of action of anti-serotonin drugs like ondansetron?
Blocking 5-HT3 receptors in the GIT and CTZ center
What are the side effects commonly associated with anti-serotonin drugs?
Drowsiness and constipation
Which type of drugs are used to treat motion sickness, vestibulocochlear disease, and hyperemesis gravidarum?
Anti-histaminic drugs
What is the role of prokinetics (motility stimulants) like domperidone in managing constipation?
Stimulating motility in the gut by blocking dopamine D2 receptors
What is the first priority in the treatment of acute diarrhea?
Maintenance of fluid and electrolyte balance
Which drug class acts on opioid receptors in the intestine to decrease peristalsis?
Antimotility agents
In which cases should opiate-like antimotility drugs be avoided?
Active inflammatory bowel disease
What is the mechanism of action of drugs that increase the viscosity of gut contents?
Adsorb water and irritant substances
Which class of drugs are used to treat nausea and vomiting?
Antiemetic drugs
What are the 4 common classes of antiemetic drugs mentioned in the text?
D2 receptor blockers, M receptor blockers, 5-HT3 receptor blockers, H1-receptor blockers
Test your knowledge on anti-muscarinic drugs like Hyoscine (scopolamine) and anti-serotonin drugs like ondansetron. Learn about their mechanisms of action, indications, and side effects.
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