Anti-Infective (Anti-Viral) Drugs Pharmacology Quiz
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Questions and Answers

What is the mechanism of action of natamycin in treating corneal fungal infections?

  • Binding irreversibly to ergosterol in the cell membrane (correct)
  • Inhibiting DNA replication of fungi
  • Activating antifungal enzymes within the fungal cells
  • Altering the fungal cell membrane composition
  • Which antifungal drug is specifically mentioned as the only topical drug for fungal infections?

  • Amphotericin B
  • Nystatin (correct)
  • Voriconazole
  • Fluconazole
  • What is the main adverse effect associated with the use of natamycin in eye infections?

  • Hyperemia (correct)
  • Nausea and vomiting
  • Hypokalemia
  • Chills and fever
  • Which antifungal medication is a derivative of fluconazole?

    <p>Voriconazole</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the broad-spectrum microbicide mentioned in the text with poorly understood antimicrobial mechanisms?

    <p>Tea Tree Oil</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the mechanism of action of guanosine analog in treating viral infections?

    <p>Affects viral enzymes (DNA polymerase)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which antiviral medication has a prodrug that is rapidly absorbed in the gastrointestinal tract and converted to penciclovir?

    <p>Famciclovir</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the off-label use of acyclovir in bell palsy treatment?

    <p>500mg TID x 7 days</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What adverse effect is commonly associated with antiviral eye treatments?

    <p>Blurred vision</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which antiviral drug is known for causing corneal defects as an adverse effect?

    <p>Idoxuridine</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What dosage regimen is recommended for the treatment of HSV keratitis with Ganciclovir?

    <p>500mg TID</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which antiviral medication has the highest bioavailability as a prodrug of acyclovir?

    <p>Valacyclovir</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main action of trifluridine (Viroptic) in treating viral infections?

    <p>Competitively inhibits viral DNA polymerase</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the appropriate dosage for Bell's Palsy treatment with Valacyclovir?

    <p>1g TID x 7 days</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which antiviral drug should be used with caution in patients with renal impairment and dehydration?

    <p>Ganciclovir</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which antiviral medication works as a prodrug rapidly absorbed in the gastrointestinal tract and converted to penciclovir?

    <p>Famciclovir</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main adverse effect associated with the use of trifluridine (Viroptic) in treating viral infections?

    <p>Corneal defects</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which antiviral drug should be used cautiously in patients with renal impairment and dehydration?

    <p>Valganciclovir</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the broad-spectrum microbicide mentioned in the text with poorly understood antimicrobial mechanisms?

    <p>Tea Tree Oil</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which antiviral medication has the highest bioavailability as a prodrug of acyclovir?

    <p>Valacyclovir</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What dosage regimen is recommended for the treatment of Bell's Palsy with Valacyclovir?

    <p>QID x 10 days</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which antiviral medication causes corneal defects as an adverse effect during treatment?

    <p>Trifluridine</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main action of acyclovir in treating viral infections?

    <p>Inhibits viral DNA polymerase</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the off-label use of valacyclovir mentioned in the text?

    <p>Fungal keratitis treatment</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which antiviral medication is known for causing neurotoxicity as an adverse effect?

    <p>Trifluridine</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which antiviral medication has a differentiating mechanism of action due to an added hydroxymethyl group compared to Acyclovir?

    <p>Famciclovir</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which antiviral drug should be used with caution in patients with bone marrow depression and hypoplasia?

    <p>Zidovudine</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the appropriate dosage regimen for Valacyclovir in treating Bell's Palsy within 72 hours of symptom onset?

    <p>500mg TID x 7 days</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which antiviral medication is known for causing nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, and headache as adverse effects?

    <p>Famciclovir</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In HSV keratitis prophylaxis, what is the dosage recommendation for Acyclovir?

    <p>250mg TID</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which antiviral eye treatment is specifically mentioned as being discontinued?

    <p>Idoxuridine</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary distinguishing factor for Vidarabine (Vira-A) among other antiviral medications mentioned?

    <p>Low toxicity profile</p> Signup and view all the answers

    'Thymidine analogs' are primarily known to inhibit which enzyme to prevent DNA synthesis in virus-infected and normal host cells?

    <p>Thymidine synthetase</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What distinguishes Guanosine analogs in terms of their effect on viral DNA replication?

    <p>(Termination of viral DNA chain growth)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    'Bell Palsy' treatment with which antiviral medication involves the additional use of steroids for new onset cases within 72 hours?

    <p>(Valtrex) Valacyclovir</p> Signup and view all the answers

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