Questions and Answers
Which of the following are classes of anti-anxiety drugs? (Select all that apply)
Name two benzodiazepine drugs.
Diazepam, Clonazepam
What is the mechanism of action (MOA) of benzodiazepines?
Bind to specific GABA receptor sites resulting in calming effects.
What are two side effects of benzodiazepines?
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What precautions should be taken when administering benzodiazepines? (Select all that apply)
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Name two examples of Z-hypnotic drugs.
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What is the MOA of Z-hypnotics?
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List one side effect of Z-hypnotics.
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When should Z-hypnotics be taken?
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What is the MOA of melatonin-agonist drugs?
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What is a common side effect of melatonin-agonist drugs?
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How should the melatonin-agonist be taken?
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What is the MOA of buspirone?
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What are two side effects of buspirone?
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What nursing consideration is important for buspirone?
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Study Notes
Anti-Anxiety Drug Classes
- Major classes include benzodiazepines, z-hypnotics, melatonin antagonists, and buspirone.
Benzodiazepine Drugs
- Common benzodiazepines include diazepam, clonazepam, lorazepam, and alprazolam.
Benzodiazepine Mechanism of Action (MOA)
- Benzodiazepines bind to specific GABA receptor sites, enhancing the calming effect in the nervous system.
Benzodiazepine Side Effects
- Potential side effects include ataxia (loss of control of body movements) and drowsiness.
Benzodiazepine Nursing Considerations
- Avoid combining benzodiazepines with other anti-anxiety medications and alcohol to prevent adverse effects.
Z-Hypnotic Drugs
- Notable z-hypnotics include zolpidem and zaleplon, used primarily for sleep disorders.
Z-Hypnotics Mechanism of Action (MOA)
- Z-hypnotics selectively bind to GABA receptor sites, promoting sleep.
Z-Hypnotic Side Effects
- Side effects may include amnesia, ataxia, and rapid onset of sedation.
Z-Hypnotics Nursing Considerations
- Administer at bedtime for optimal effects.
Melatonin-Agnostic Drugs
- Rozerem is a primary melatonin-agonist used to regulate sleep-wake cycles.
Melatonin-Agnonist Mechanism of Action (MOA)
- Acts as a melatonin receptor agonist, mimicking the effects of naturally occurring melatonin.
Melatonin-Agnonist Side Effects
- Side effects can include sexual dysfunction, headaches, and dizziness.
Melatonin-Agnonist Nursing Considerations
- Use with caution due to possible side effects; monitor patient response.
Buspirone Mechanism of Action (MOA)
- Mechanism is not fully understood; may function as a serotonin agonist.
Buspirone Side Effects
- Possible side effects include headache, dizziness, light-headedness, nausea, and insomnia.
Buspirone Nursing Considerations
- Administer as directed and advise patients to rise slowly to prevent dizziness.
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Description
This quiz covers the major classes of anti-anxiety drugs, focusing on benzodiazepines and z-hypnotics. Learn about their mechanisms of action, common side effects, and essential nursing considerations. Perfect for nursing students and healthcare professionals.
