Anthropology Overview Quiz

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Questions and Answers

What branch of anthropology focuses on biological and behavioral aspects of human beings?

  • Cultural Anthropology
  • Physical Anthropology (correct)
  • Applied Anthropology
  • Social Anthropology

Political Economy is solely focused on the legal aspects of production and trade.

False (B)

What is the primary goal of Political Science?

To deepen human understanding of political action

Public Administration studies the implementation of __________ policies.

<p>government</p> Signup and view all the answers

Match the following branches of anthropology with their focus areas:

<p>Physical Anthropology = Biological and behavioral aspects of human beings Cultural Anthropology = Variation and change in living cultures Political Economy = Study of production, trade, and relations with government Public Administration = Implementation of government policy</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which discipline focuses on the analysis of political systems and behaviors?

<p>Political Science (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Political Science is solely concerned with the past cultures of human beings.

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main focus of Anthropology?

<p>The study of humans and their cultures in the past and present.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Political Science includes the study of __________ relations between nation-states.

<p>international</p> Signup and view all the answers

Match the branches of Political Science with their descriptions:

<p>Political Theory = Study of political ideology, fairness, justice, and equity International Relations = Study of political relations between nation-states Comparative Politics = Comparative study of countries and political units Political Methodology = Qualitative methods using statistics and formal theory</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which branch of Political Science analyzes similarities and differences between political units?

<p>Comparative Politics (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Sociology is primarily concerned with politics and government systems.

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a significant aspect of Political Methodology?

<p>It focuses on qualitative methods used in the study of politics.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which branch of study analyzes the material remains of ancient and recent humans?

<p>Archaeology (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Applied anthropology focuses solely on theoretical research.

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are the primary goals of anthropology?

<p>Discover commonalities among people, understand diversity, and produce new knowledge and theories about humankind.</p> Signup and view all the answers

_________ studies the relations between language and culture.

<p>Linguistics</p> Signup and view all the answers

Match the following branches of sociology with their focus:

<p>Social Organization = Study of social institutions and social mobility Social Inequality = Analysis of different levels of social stratification Religious Groups = Study of society's belief systems and their social impact Social Processes = Investigating social interactions over time</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which perspective uses a scientific approach in political science?

<p>Social Anthropology (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Sociology deals exclusively with the natural sciences.

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does ethnology study?

<p>Ethnology studies the comparative and analytical aspects of cultures.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does applied sociology aim to achieve?

<p>Practical applications to human behavior (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Cultural relativism allows an anthropologist to apply their own cultural values to another culture.

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary focus of social psychology?

<p>The study of human nature and social processes.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Anthropologists must consider the entire culture and the _________ between its parts.

<p>equilibrium</p> Signup and view all the answers

Match the following careers with their respective fields:

<p>Anthropologist = Anthropology Social Worker = Sociology Archeologist = Anthropology Policy Analyst = Sociology</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which perspective focuses on the relationships between parts of society?

<p>Functionalism (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Human ecology studies the effects of social organizations on population behavior.

<p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is one goal of sociology?

<p>To gain insights into human behavior.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Social stimuli are considered responses in _________.

<p>social psychology</p> Signup and view all the answers

Match the following sociological concepts with their descriptions:

<p>Symbolic Interactionism = Use of symbols in interactions Functionalism = Adaptive relationships in society Conflict Theory = Competition for scarce resources</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a career in sociology?

<p>Archeologist (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Cultural relativism promotes judging other cultures by one's own cultural standards.

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What do population studies include?

<p>Size, growth, demographic characteristics, and changes.</p> Signup and view all the answers

The _______ aims to make the strange familiar and the familiar strange.

<p>comparative perspective</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following careers is related to human resources?

<p>Human Resources Manager (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

Anthropology

The study of human's past and present, examining how humans vary across time and cultures.

Political Science

A social science that deals with the study of the state and government, focusing on politics, policies, systems, behavior, and culture.

Political Theory

The branch of Political Science that examines the core ideas and theories about how societies should be governed.

International Relations

The study of interactions and relationships between nation-states.

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Comparative Politics

The comparative study of different countries, their political systems, and citizens, analyzing similarities and differences.

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Political Methodology

A branch of Political Science that develops and applies research methods, often combining statistics, mathematics, and theoretical models.

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Sociology

The study of society, including its structure, functions, and interactions.

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What does Sociology study?

Groups, institutions, social structures, and how individuals behave in social contexts.

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Physical Anthropology

The study of biological and behavioral aspects of humans, including their relationships to non-human primates and their extinct hominid ancestors.

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Cultural Anthropology

The study of living (or recently living) people and their cultures, including variation and change.

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Public Administration

The implementation of government policy and an academic discipline that studies this implementation and prepares civil servants for working in the public service.

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Political Economy

The study of production, trade, and their relations with law, custom, and government, including the distribution of national income and wealth.

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Goals of Political Science

The goal is to deepen human understanding of the forms and nature of political action, describing how various political systems function and finding solutions to political issues.

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Archeology

The study of how past cultures and societies developed based on their physical remains like artifacts, fossils, and bones.

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Linguistics

The study of relationships between language and culture, analyzing how language reflects human biology and thought.

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Applied Anthropology

Applying anthropological knowledge to solve practical problems in real-world settings.

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Social Anthropology

The study of the origins and development of human societies.

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Social Organization (Sociology)

A branch of Sociology that investigates how individuals and groups are organized within society.

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Ethnography

The methodology used to study social interactions and structures.

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Ethnology

Combines data from different cultures to compare and analyze patterns across societies.

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Holism in Anthropology

A perspective in anthropology that emphasizes understanding a culture by taking into account its interconnected parts, recognizing that each aspect influences the others.

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Cultural Relativism in Anthropology

The belief that cultures should be understood and judged within their own context, without imposing external values.

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Symbolic Interactionism

A perspective in sociology that emphasizes the use of symbols and face-to-face interactions in shaping people's understanding of themselves and the social world.

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Functionalism

A perspective in sociology that views society as a system of interconnected parts, each fulfilling a specific function to maintain stability and order.

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Conflict Theory

A perspective in sociology that highlights the inherent power struggles within society, especially the competition between groups for scarce resources.

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Human Ecology

The study of how humans interact with their environment, including the social, cultural, and ecological factors that influence their behavior and relationships.

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Comparative Approach in Anthropology

A perspective in anthropology that involves comparing different societies to understand their similarities and differences, aiming to shed light on the diversity of human experience.

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Population Studies

A branch of sociology that studies the social, cultural, and economic factors that influence the size, growth, and composition of populations.

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Goal of Sociology

The goal of sociology is to understand the nature of human behavior, including how it is shaped by and influences society. It seeks to explain social phenomena and uncover patterns of human interaction.

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Applied Sociology

A field of sociology that focuses on applying sociological knowledge to solving practical problems and improving social conditions.

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Social Psychology

The study of human behavior and mental processes, with a particular emphasis on how these are influenced by social interactions and contexts.

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Study Notes

Anthropology, Sociology, and Political Science

  • Anthropology: Studies human cultures, past and present, examining human variation. It includes physical anthropology (biological and behavioral aspects), cultural anthropology (living cultures and their variations), social anthropology (human relations in cultures), and archaeology (ancient and recent past through material remains). Linguistics examines relations between culture and language. Applied anthropology uses anthropological research to solve practical problems.

Branches of Anthropology

  • Physical Anthropology: Examines the biological and behavioral aspects of humans, their primate relationships, and extinct hominids.
  • Cultural Anthropology: Focuses on living or recently living people and their cultures, encompassing variation and change.
  • Social Anthropology: Studies human relations within cultures.
  • Archaeology: Studies past human societies through material remains (artifacts, fossils, etc.).
  • Linguistics: Examines the relationships between language and culture in relation to human biology, reasoning, and language.

Branches of Political Science

  • Political Theory: Examines political ideologies, fairness, justice, and equity.
  • International Relations: Studies political relations between nations.
  • Comparative Politics: Compares political systems, processes, and outcomes across countries.
  • Political Methodology: Uses qualitative methods, statistics, and mathematics to study politics.
  • Public Administration: Studies the implementation of government policies and trains civil servants.
  • Political Economy: Studies production, trade, relation to law and government, and the distribution of wealth.

Branches of Sociology

  • Social Organization: Explores social institutions, inequality, mobility, religious groups, and bureaucracies.
  • Social Psychology: Focuses on the social processes affecting individuals.
  • Applied Sociology: Aims at utilizing sociological insights for practical applications in human behavior and organizations.
  • Population Studies: Investigates population size, growth, demographics, migration, and changes in society, linking them to economics, politics, and social systems.

Goals of Anthropology

  • Discover common elements among all human cultures (folklore, tradition, language).
  • Identify and understand human differences to preserve cultural diversity.
  • Create new knowledge and theories about humans and human behavior, potentially solving human challenges.

Goals of Political Science

  • Deepen understanding of political action.
  • Describe how political systems function efficiently.
  • Identify more effective political systems.

Goals of Sociology

  • Gain insights into human behavior and its influence by society.

Perspectives in Anthropology

  • Comparative: Examines differences and similarities among various societies.
  • Holistic: Considers the interconnectedness of all aspects of a culture.
  • Cultural Relativism: Avoids judging other cultures based on one's own values.

Perspectives in Political Science

  • Scientific approach: Uses objective, rational, and systematic methods for study.
  • Examines social interactions, taking into account origin, evolution, and development.

Perspectives in Sociology

  • Symbolic interactionism: Emphasizes the meaning of symbols and face-to-face interactions.
  • Functionalism: Views society as an interconnected system where elements work together.
  • Conflict theory: Explains social inequalities and the conflict arising from them.

Careers (Specific examples, not exhaustive lists)

  • Anthropology: Archeologist, Museum Curator, Cultural Ambassador, Public Relations Manager
  • Political Science: Public Relations Specialist, Lawyer, Journalist, Policy Analyst
  • Sociology: Human Resources Manager, Social Worker, Public Relations Specialist, Urban Planner

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