Podcast
Questions and Answers
Anthropology is derived from the Greek words 'Anthropos' (humans) and ______ (study).
Anthropology is derived from the Greek words 'Anthropos' (humans) and ______ (study).
logos
The study of humans as biological organisms is known as ______ anthropology.
The study of humans as biological organisms is known as ______ anthropology.
biological
Primatology is the study of the nonhuman members of the order of mammals called ______.
Primatology is the study of the nonhuman members of the order of mammals called ______.
primates
Anthropology seeks to answer the primary question: What does it mean to be ______?
Anthropology seeks to answer the primary question: What does it mean to be ______?
Anthropology covers a much greater span of ______ than other social sciences.
Anthropology covers a much greater span of ______ than other social sciences.
Iron Bridge, England is an important site of industrial __________.
Iron Bridge, England is an important site of industrial __________.
Industrial archaeology studies social changes during and after the __________ Revolution.
Industrial archaeology studies social changes during and after the __________ Revolution.
Linguistic anthropology is the study of human __________.
Linguistic anthropology is the study of human __________.
The subfield that examines language change and relationships over time is known as __________ linguistics.
The subfield that examines language change and relationships over time is known as __________ linguistics.
Linguistic anthropologists focus on the role of the __________, social media, and cell phones.
Linguistic anthropologists focus on the role of the __________, social media, and cell phones.
Primatologists study nonhuman primates in the wild and captivity, analyzing their activities, social interactions, and ______.
Primatologists study nonhuman primates in the wild and captivity, analyzing their activities, social interactions, and ______.
Paleoanthropology studies human evolution using ______ records.
Paleoanthropology studies human evolution using ______ records.
Archaeology focuses on human culture, dating back to the beginnings of Homo sapiens in Africa between ______ and 160,000 years ago.
Archaeology focuses on human culture, dating back to the beginnings of Homo sapiens in Africa between ______ and 160,000 years ago.
Prehistoric archaeology examines the human past before ______ records.
Prehistoric archaeology examines the human past before ______ records.
Underwater archaeology is the study of submerged archaeological ______.
Underwater archaeology is the study of submerged archaeological ______.
Cultural anthropology is the study of living peoples and their ___, including variation and change.
Cultural anthropology is the study of living peoples and their ___, including variation and change.
Specializations in cultural anthropology include economic anthropology, psychological anthropology, medical anthropology, political anthropology, and international ___ anthropology.
Specializations in cultural anthropology include economic anthropology, psychological anthropology, medical anthropology, political anthropology, and international ___ anthropology.
Applied anthropology is the use of anthropological knowledge to prevent or solve ___ or to shape and achieve policy goals.
Applied anthropology is the use of anthropological knowledge to prevent or solve ___ or to shape and achieve policy goals.
In the 21st century, anthropology expanded to cultural and ___ groups in industrialized societies.
In the 21st century, anthropology expanded to cultural and ___ groups in industrialized societies.
Methodology, such as building rapport with host societies and using participant-observation methods, was crucial in gathering ___.
Methodology, such as building rapport with host societies and using participant-observation methods, was crucial in gathering ___.
Culture is everything that a person learns as a member of a ______.
Culture is everything that a person learns as a member of a ______.
Material culture encompasses tangible aspects of culture, including ______, food, and buildings.
Material culture encompasses tangible aspects of culture, including ______, food, and buildings.
An example of nonmaterial culture is 'An idea about how to be ______.'
An example of nonmaterial culture is 'An idea about how to be ______.'
Culture consists of the material and ______.
Culture consists of the material and ______.
Material culture is influenced by society's environment and ______.
Material culture is influenced by society's environment and ______.
Culture enables humans to survive in their ______.
Culture enables humans to survive in their ______.
Examples of material culture include traditional houses, clothing, and cuisine ______.
Examples of material culture include traditional houses, clothing, and cuisine ______.
Culture is learned through ______.
Culture is learned through ______.
Culture is defined by normative physical characteristics of humans, influencing the design of machines and other forms of material ______.
Culture is defined by normative physical characteristics of humans, influencing the design of machines and other forms of material ______.
The Inuits of the Arctic region build igloos for fishing and ______ expeditions.
The Inuits of the Arctic region build igloos for fishing and ______ expeditions.
Muslims in India prohibit pork consumption, making ______ their primary meat source.
Muslims in India prohibit pork consumption, making ______ their primary meat source.
Cows are venerated, and ______ consumption is considered taboo.
Cows are venerated, and ______ consumption is considered taboo.
Culture can also cause problems for the people who ______ to it.
Culture can also cause problems for the people who ______ to it.
The car culture in the Philippines is becoming maladaptive due to pollution and limited ______.
The car culture in the Philippines is becoming maladaptive due to pollution and limited ______.
According to __________ theory, society is thought to be like a biological organism with interconnected parts.
According to __________ theory, society is thought to be like a biological organism with interconnected parts.
Culture is never ______; it is continuously reinvented by people.
Culture is never ______; it is continuously reinvented by people.
The perspective that states culture evolves when people increase the amount of __________ under their control is known as neo-evolutionism.
The perspective that states culture evolves when people increase the amount of __________ under their control is known as neo-evolutionism.
Filipinos appreciate the value of cars in their economic and ______ lives.
Filipinos appreciate the value of cars in their economic and ______ lives.
The dynamism of culture is due to the changing needs of humans as they interpret and survive in their ______.
The dynamism of culture is due to the changing needs of humans as they interpret and survive in their ______.
Materialism posits that culture is the product of the 'material __________' in which a community finds itself.
Materialism posits that culture is the product of the 'material __________' in which a community finds itself.
Theories are a ______ that is essential in shaping an analysis about a particular issue.
Theories are a ______ that is essential in shaping an analysis about a particular issue.
Anthropology provides a __________ view of human nature and behavior trajectory.
Anthropology provides a __________ view of human nature and behavior trajectory.
The applied sciences branch of anthropology informs public policy through __________ research on social issues.
The applied sciences branch of anthropology informs public policy through __________ research on social issues.
Culture is learned through experiences, beliefs, attitudes, and practices, forming a set of values and accepted __________.
Culture is learned through experiences, beliefs, attitudes, and practices, forming a set of values and accepted __________.
By contextualizing everyday things within the context of __________, anthropologists develop acuity among students.
By contextualizing everyday things within the context of __________, anthropologists develop acuity among students.
__________ is the process of learning one's own culture, while acculturation allows for the adaptation to desirable traits from other cultures.
__________ is the process of learning one's own culture, while acculturation allows for the adaptation to desirable traits from other cultures.
Neo-evolutionism suggests that culture is shaped by environmental and __________ conditions.
Neo-evolutionism suggests that culture is shaped by environmental and __________ conditions.
In Japan, the obligation of the firstborn child to be a model child has led to high child survival rates and high educational __________ among adolescents.
In Japan, the obligation of the firstborn child to be a model child has led to high child survival rates and high educational __________ among adolescents.
Anthropology examines both biological and __________ aspects of human beings.
Anthropology examines both biological and __________ aspects of human beings.
Culture is shared among members of a society, consisting of behaviors, attitudes, and __________.
Culture is shared among members of a society, consisting of behaviors, attitudes, and __________.
Individuals combine their parents' culture with their experiences from other __________.
Individuals combine their parents' culture with their experiences from other __________.
Humans are influenced by cultural values regarding beauty and body, leading to physiological __________.
Humans are influenced by cultural values regarding beauty and body, leading to physiological __________.
Foot binding is a popular tradition in China, involving women undergoing physical alteration to achieve 'lotus feet' for good __________.
Foot binding is a popular tradition in China, involving women undergoing physical alteration to achieve 'lotus feet' for good __________.
This practice ensures women's potential for good __________.
This practice ensures women's potential for good __________.
Cultural evolution classifies cultures into stages including savagery, _____, and civilization.
Cultural evolution classifies cultures into stages including savagery, _____, and civilization.
According to diffusionism, all societies change due to cultural _____ from one another.
According to diffusionism, all societies change due to cultural _____ from one another.
Historicism posits that each culture is _____ and must be studied in its own context.
Historicism posits that each culture is _____ and must be studied in its own context.
Psychological anthropology suggests that personality is mainly the result of learning _____ .
Psychological anthropology suggests that personality is mainly the result of learning _____ .
Functionalism views society as similar to a biological _____ with interconnected parts.
Functionalism views society as similar to a biological _____ with interconnected parts.
Neo-evolutionism states that culture is shaped by environmental and _____ conditions.
Neo-evolutionism states that culture is shaped by environmental and _____ conditions.
Materialism claims that culture is a product of the '_____ conditions' in a community.
Materialism claims that culture is a product of the '_____ conditions' in a community.
Anthropology is a social science discipline that provides a _____ approach to studying humans.
Anthropology is a social science discipline that provides a _____ approach to studying humans.
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Study Notes
Anthropology Overview
- Anthropology is defined as the holistic study of humanity, covering both biological and cultural aspects throughout time and geography.
- Derived from Greek, it combines "Anthropos" (humans) and "logos" (study), aiming to explore what it means to be human.
- It encompasses various ethnic and cultural groups, offering a broad perspective on human origins and contemporary variations.
Five Subdisciplines of Anthropology
- Biological Anthropology: Examines humans as biological organisms, including evolution and variation; subfields include primatology (study of primates) and paleoanthropology (study of human evolution through fossils).
- Cultural Anthropology: Focuses on living peoples and their cultures, emphasizing learned behaviors and beliefs; specializations include economic and medical anthropology, studying cultural variations and changes.
- Applied Anthropology: Utilizes anthropological knowledge to address contemporary issues, emerging post-World War II to enhance lives through culturally informed practices and policy.
- Archaeology: Studies past cultures through material remains; divided into prehistoric archaeology (before written records) and historical archaeology (during written history).
- Linguistic Anthropology: Investigates human communication, including language origins and social implications; subfields include historical linguistics, descriptive linguistics, and sociolinguistics.
Material and Nonmaterial Culture
- Material Culture: Tangible elements of culture such as clothing, food, and architecture, reflecting historical and environmental influences (e.g., Philippine traditional houses).
- Nonmaterial Culture: Intangible aspects like beliefs, values, and social roles; culture is learned through socialization and experiences, shaping individual behavior.
Cultural Learning and Sharing
- Culture is acquired through experience, with processes such as enculturation (learning one's culture) and acculturation (adapting traits from other cultures).
- Culture is intergenerational, requiring teaching and sharing among members of society, leading to hybrid cultural identities.
Cultural Adaptation and Maladaptation
- Culture serves as a survival mechanism, adapting human practices and technologies to meet environmental needs (e.g., Inuit shelters).
- Maladaptation occurs when cultural practices become problematic due to environmental changes, illustrated by issues like traffic congestion in car-dependent societies.
Theories on Culture
- Cultural Evolution: All cultures undergo similar developmental stages.
- Diffusionism: Cultures evolve through borrowing from one another.
- Historicism: Each culture is unique and requires context-based study.
- Functionalism: Society's structures function interdependently, akin to a biological organism.
- Neo-evolutionism: Culture evolves with environmental and technological changes.
- Materialism: Culture is shaped by the material conditions surrounding a community.
The Dynamic Nature of Culture
- Culture is not static; it continuously evolves in response to human needs and interpretations within changing environments.
- Everyday practices, from clothing to cuisine, reflect the ongoing reinvention of cultural norms.
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