Anthropology 1AA3 Week 2: Sex and Gender Part I
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Questions and Answers

What is the primary focus of the lecture on Sex and Gender Part I in Anthropology 1AA3?

  • Differences in DSD designations across cultures
  • Biopower in relation to gender and sex (correct)
  • Anne Fausto-Sterling's concept of the five sexes
  • Ethical considerations in sports for intersex individuals

How is 'Biological Sex' typically perceived?

  • Culturally constructed and performative
  • Defined by interrelated social roles and behaviors
  • Binary and usually assigned at birth based on external genitalia appearance (correct)
  • Fluid continuum between male and female

What is the main difference between Anthropology, Psychology, and Sociology?

  • Focus on understanding cultural relativism
  • Investigation of gender and sex constructs
  • Analysis of biculturality
  • Approach towards studying human behavior (correct)

Which concept is specifically addressed in Anne Fausto-Sterling's work?

<p>The five sexes (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why is Gender considered culturally constructed and performative?

<p>Customarily associated with bodies based on primary &amp; secondary sex traits (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which kind of diagrams are mentioned as part of the content warning for the lecture?

<p>Diagrams of sex organs (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of defining 'Sex' according to the text?

<p>To classify internal and external reproductive anatomy (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main difference between Folk Taxonomy and scientific taxonomy?

<p>Folk Taxonomy is based on cultural criteria, while scientific taxonomy is based on empirical characteristics (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does 'biological sex' refer to?

<p>Physical presentation of primary and secondary sex characteristics (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Is the determination of sex a natural binary or a culturally constructed dichotomy?

<p>It is a culturally constructed dichotomy (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are some factors involved in sexual development?

<p>Chromosomes, regulatory genes, and enzymes (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How is sexual development portrayed?

<p>As a process shaped by multiple events (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

"Are there only males and females?" - What does this question imply?

<p>It raises the question of a natural binary versus a culturally constructed dichotomy in sex determination (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the significance of considering secondary sex characteristics in biological sex?

<p>Secondary sex characteristics include physical differences not directly related to reproduction (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

According to Anne Fausto-Sterling, why does Western culture face a real problem with the system of classifying sex?

<p>The system does not take into account the vast continuum of sex variations. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How does Biopower, as defined by Michel Foucault, relate to Anne Fausto-Sterling's arguments?

<p>Biopower involves governments regulating bodies to conform, aligning with Fausto-Sterling's arguments. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does Anne Fausto-Sterling propose regarding the classification of sexes?

<p>She introduces the concept of five clinical sexes but notes they are inadequate. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why is the 20th-century Western medicine criticized by Anne Fausto-Sterling in relation to intersex bodies?

<p>For reinforcing social stigma through the medicalization and surgical alteration of intersex bodies. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How does Anne Fausto-Sterling challenge the perceived dichotomy of sex?

<p>By highlighting instances where intersex individuals blur the lines between male and female. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In what way does Anne Fausto-Sterling suggest that sex should be understood?

<p>As a continuum rather than a strict binary classification. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why is Anne Fausto-Sterling's work considered important in relation to 20th-century Western medicine?

<p>&quot;Correcting&quot; intersex bodies through surgery was a prevailing practice that Fausto-Sterling criticized. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What distinguishes Turner's Syndrome from Klinefelter's Syndrome?

<p>Turner's Syndrome results in only one X chromosome (XO), while Klinefelter's Syndrome involves an extra X chromosome (XXY). (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What describes Congenital Adrenal Hyperplasia based on the provided text?

<p>It results in ambiguous genitals and an enzyme deficiency. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In what way does Androgen Insensitivity Syndrome differ from other conditions mentioned?

<p>It results in ambiguous genitals despite the presence of male sex hormones. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are the tangible consequences of categorizing DSDs/intersex individuals based on Western ideas?

<p>It may result in differential or supernatural interpretations in other cultural contexts. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How does Caster Semenya challenge traditional gender norms in sports?

<p>By having elevated testosterone levels due to internal testes, raising questions about unfair advantages. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What concept does Anne Fausto-Sterling introduce regarding sexes?

<p>'Multiplicity' - recognizing five distinct sexes based on chromosomal variations. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why is Fausto-Sterling's work significant in the 20th century context?

<p>It challenged the binary view of male/female sexes, opening up discussions on sex diversity. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What term is an alternative for 'biological sex' and is also known as birth sex or natal sex?

<p>Assigned Sex at Birth (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In the context of intersex conditions, what can be defined as seeing combinations of chromosomal, gonadal, and/or other anatomical features that do not fit into the sex binary?

<p>Intersex (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What can involve changes anywhere along the pathway from altered chromosomes to altered hormones?

<p>Differences of Sexual Development (DSD) (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What acknowledges that individuals have little agency in their birth assignment?

<p>Bodies are classified at birth (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What term can be assigned to conditions associated with the presence of both male and female reproductive organs?

<p>Intersex (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does variation in the occurrence, order, timing, and magnitude of inputs during development produce?

<p>Variation in outcomes (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which term is used to refer to changes noticeable at birth, silent, emerging at puberty, or only becoming visible later in life?

<p>'Silent' changes (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

'Individuals have little agency in their birth assignment' implies what about the classification of bodies at birth?

<p>It is an act, not an essential state (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What concept does Anne Fausto-Sterling introduce that challenges a strict male-female binary classification?

<p>Five sexes model (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why is Anne Fausto-Sterling's work significant in the 20th century regarding gender and sex?

<p>It provided new perspectives on sex and gender (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the significance of peer-reviewed articles in scholarly research?

<p>They undergo evaluation by experts in the field (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How are peer reviewers selected for evaluating articles in double-blind peer review?

<p>Based on the authors' identity (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Where can peer-reviewed articles be found aside from print copies?

<p>In specialized search engines like Google Scholar (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of a journal being refereed or peer-reviewed?

<p>To ensure rigorous evaluation by experts (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What distinguishes a peer-reviewed journal from other publications?

<p>Ensuring articles undergo expert scrutiny before publication (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why is it important for peer-reviewed articles to be evaluated against criteria like excellence and accuracy?

<p>To maintain high standards of scholarly work (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Where can students access the MODEL service at McMaster University?

<p>LR Wilson Hall, 4th Floor (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What skills are targeted by the MODEL service at McMaster University?

<p>Reading &amp; Writing, Speaking &amp; Listening (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Who can students contact for more information about the MODEL service at McMaster University?

<p><a href="mailto:[email protected]">[email protected]</a> (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which department at McMaster University is dedicated to helping students improve their English-language skills through the MODEL program?

<p>ESL and EAP specialists (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What kind of appointments can students make with the Writing Support Center at McMaster University?

<p>One-on-One Consultations (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What impact did MODEL have on Bruno, a student from the Faculty of Engineering?

<p>It quickly became an important part of his routine and had a huge impact on his personal and professional life (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Who is known for establishing that many Samoan adolescents had premarital sex in the 1930s?

<p>Margaret Mead (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which researcher criticized Margaret Mead for a lack of scientific rigour in her research on Samoan adolescents?

<p>Derek Freeman (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which culture did Margaret Mead compare as having more sexual freedom than American culture?

<p>Samoan culture (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Who referred to sex entirely in the context of reproduction according to the text?

<p>Hewlett &amp; Hewlett (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In which country did Margaret Mead conduct her fieldwork on sexual behavior among adolescents?

<p>Samoa (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

'Hook-up culture' is associated with which region/country according to the text?

<p>North America (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What term is used to describe people assigned male at birth who self-identify as 'feminine'?

<p>Viado (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How are sexual identities defined in the context of the text?

<p>By who penetrates and who is penetrated (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why does the text point out the lack of information on women's sexuality?

<p>To highlight a gap in the discussion of same-sex practices (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the default framing of sexual relationships described in the text as?

<p>Reproductive, domestic, and private (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In what way does the text suggest sexual behavior is culturally specific?

<p>By highlighting differences in framing across cultures (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How do travestis, as described in the text, differ from traditional gender norms?

<p>By challenging binary classifications (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a common theme among cultures and non-human species according to the text?

<p>Same-sex sexual relationships (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In which contexts are same-sex practices discussed in the text?

<p>Military mythologies and manhood initiation rituals (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of engaging in same-sex practices in 'Making Men' scenarios?

<p>To assert masculinity and erase feminizing influence (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the significance of same-sex practices in some societies, as per the text?

<p>In societies with marked sex segregation (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In which cultural context do adults mentor adolescent boys in social and sexual adulthood?

<p>Classical Greece (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a common characteristic of cultures mentioned in relation to same-sex practices?

<p>Prominence of military mythologies (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why do anthropologists study sexuality?

<p>To understand human social behavior and cultural norms (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the significance of estimating sex in Biological Anthropology/Archaeology?

<p>To build a fuller understanding of deceased individuals within social systems (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a common rule among societies mentioned in the text regarding conduct related to sexuality?

<p>An incest taboo prohibiting marriage with siblings or parents (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How is sex portrayed as important in human social behavior?

<p>As a significant factor influencing individual behavior and societal norms (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of studying sex in Biological Anthropology?

<p>To develop a comprehensive understanding of deceased individuals within social contexts (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What do most societies have regarding sexual conduct?

<p>An incest taboo, but with no specific regulations on other sexual behaviors (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What did Derek Freeman criticize Margaret Mead for in her research on Samoan adolescents?

<p>Lack of scientific rigour (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In the context of sexual behavior, what did Margaret Mead find about Samoan society when compared to American culture?

<p>More sexual freedom (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What did Mead establish about adolescents in Samoa in the 1930s?

<p>They engaged in premarital sex (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are the norms that dictate when, how often, and with whom sexual activities are permitted known as?

<p>Sexual restrictiveness (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why do bioarchaeologists estimate the sex of skeletons?

<p>To build a more complete understanding of deceased individuals (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What did Derek Freeman claim Margaret Mead took as truths instead of jokes?

<p>Statements meant as jokes (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is an essential aspect of human social behavior according to the text?

<p>Sexuality (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What did Margaret Mead find regarding the sexual behavior of many Samoan adolescents?

<p>They were promiscuous (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In which societies are there rules governing 'proper' conduct regarding sexuality?

<p>All societies (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why is estimating sex important in biological anthropology and bioarchaeology?

<p>To understand how individuals were perceived and treated in social systems (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which factor influences how individuals are perceived and treated in social systems?

<p>Biological sex (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary reason for studying sexuality according to anthropologists?

<p>To understand human social behavior (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In 'Making Men' scenarios, what is the purpose of engaging in same-sex practices?

<p>To make boys into men (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a common characteristic of societies with more frequent same-sex practices according to the text?

<p>Sex segregation (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why do same-sex and non-hetero sexual relationships sometimes have social or ritual meanings outside conventional relationships?

<p>As a part of manhood initiation (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of same-sex practices in Classical Greece (mythology and history)?

<p>To mentor adolescent boys in social and sexual adulthood (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the significance of adult men engaging in sexual practices with adolescent boys in some cultures?

<p>As part of manhood initiation (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does the text suggest about same-sex practices being present in different cultures and non-human species?

<p>They may have social or ritual meanings beyond conventional relationships (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a common misconception addressed in the text regarding sexual identities like travestis?

<p>Their sexual identity is solely defined by their reproductive capabilities. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why does the text highlight the lack of information on women's sexuality?

<p>Due to a historical focus on cisgender, heterosexual, and reproductive relationships. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How does the text describe the framing of sexual behavior that is considered culturally specific?

<p>Reproductive and romantic. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What role does body modification play in the sexual identity of travestis as described in the text?

<p>It is a way to express their femininity. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How are sexual relationships typically framed in a heteronormative context?

<p>Based on reproductive capabilities. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What aspect of sexual identity is highlighted as significant for travestis according to the text?

<p>Their self-identification as 'feminine.' (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the defining characteristic of a peer-reviewed article?

<p>Subjected to scrutiny by other experts (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How are reviewers selected in a double-blind peer review process?

<p>Anonymously and independent of the author's identity (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Where can peer-reviewed articles be found?

<p>In specialized search engines like Google Scholar (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What criteria are used to evaluate submissions in peer-reviewed journals?

<p>Excellence, novelty, significance, and accuracy (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What distinguishes a peer-reviewed journal from other types of publications?

<p>External review by experts (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary purpose of a peer-reviewed journal?

<p>To ensure quality through expert review (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What skills does the MODEL service at McMaster University aim to help students improve?

<p>Reading and Writing (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Where can students find the contact email for the MODEL service at McMaster University?

<p><a href="mailto:[email protected]">[email protected]</a> (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In what building is the MODEL service located at McMaster University?

<p>Wilson Hall (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which department at McMaster University developed the MODEL service?

<p>ESL and EAP Specialists (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What kind of workshops are offered as part of the services by the MODEL program?

<p>Language Assessment Workshops (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary focus of the services provided by MODEL at McMaster University?

<p>Enhancing English-language Proficiency (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the contact email address for inquiries about the MODEL service?

<p>@modelmcmaster (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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