Pituitary Hormones: Review
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Questions and Answers

Which hormone is responsible for promoting the reabsorption of H2O in the kidneys?

  • Oxytocin
  • Aldosterone
  • ADH (correct)
  • Epinephrine
  • Which gland is responsible for producing melatonin, which helps regulate the sleep and wake cycle?

  • Posterior Pituitary
  • Thyroid Gland
  • Pineal Gland (correct)
  • Adrenal Cortex
  • What is the primary function of cortisol in the body?

  • Regulating calcium levels in the blood
  • Having glucose sparing effects (correct)
  • Promoting the release of melatonin
  • Increasing glucose levels in the blood
  • Which hormone stimulates the development of follicles in the ovaries?

    <p>Hormone from the testes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of Thyroid Stimulating Hormone (TSH) produced by the Anterior Pituitary gland?

    <p>Stimulates release of thyroid hormone and maintains thyroid cell size</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of calcitonin?

    <p>Lowering calcium levels in the blood</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which hormone produced by the Anterior Pituitary gland stimulates melanocytes to increase melanin production?

    <p>Melanocyte Stimulating Hormone (MSH)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which hormone promotes the contraction of smooth muscle walls in the uterus?

    <p>Oxytocin</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the effect of Adrenocorticotropic Hormone (ACTH) produced by the Anterior Pituitary gland?

    <p>Releases steroid hormones from adrenal cortex, affecting glucose metabolism</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which hormone is responsible for promoting the release of calcium from tissues and enhancing reabsorption of calcium by the kidneys?

    <p>Parathyroid Hormone (PTH)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of Growth Hormone (GH) produced by the Anterior Pituitary gland?

    <p>Stimulates the growth of the body during childhood</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of Follicle Stimulating Hormone (FSH) produced by the Anterior Pituitary gland?

    <p>Stimulates gonadal function</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of Luteinizing Hormone (LH) produced by the Anterior Pituitary gland?

    <p>Stimulates ovulation and corpus luteum formation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of Prolactin produced by the Anterior Pituitary gland?

    <p>Regulates milk production in mammary glands</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which hormone is responsible for stimulating the growth of pubic hair?

    <p>Androgens</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of glucagon?

    <p>Raise blood glucose by increasing liver glycogen breakdown</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which hormone is responsible for lowering blood glucose levels?

    <p>Insulin</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of the posterior pituitary hormone, antidiuretic hormone (ADH)?

    <p>Regulate water reabsorption in the kidneys</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which gland produces the hormone melatonin?

    <p>Pineal gland</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of thyroid hormone (T3/T4)?

    <p>Regulate metabolic rate</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which hormone is responsible for stimulating the growth of skeletal muscle?

    <p>Growth Hormone (GH)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary difference between the transmission of neurotransmitters and hormones?

    <p>Neurotransmitters are transmitted across the synaptic cleft, while hormones are transmitted through the bloodstream</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which hormone has a stimulating effect on the growth of the body during childbirth?

    <p>Growth Hormone (GH)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary target of Adrenocorticotropic Hormone (ACTH)?

    <p>Adrenal gland</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which hormone is responsible for maintaining the size of cells of the thyroid?

    <p>Thyroid Stimulating Hormone (TSH)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the effect of Melanocyte Stimulating Hormone (MSH) on the skin?

    <p>Stimulates melanocytes to increase melanin production</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which hormone is responsible for regulating milk production?

    <p>Prolactin</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the target of Follicle Stimulating Hormone (FSH)?

    <p>Ovaries and testes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which hormone is produced by the Anterior Pituitary gland and stimulates the growth of bone, adipose, and muscle?

    <p>Growth Hormone (GH)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which hormone is responsible for increasing liver glycogen breakdown and raising blood glucose levels?

    <p>Glucagon</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which hormone is responsible for stimulating the development of follicles in the ovaries and testosterone production in the testes?

    <p>Follicle Stimulating Hormone (FSH)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which hormone is responsible for regulating the sleep and wake cycle?

    <p>Melatonin</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary effect of aldosterone on the body?

    <p>Increases reabsorption of salt and water in the kidneys</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of the Anterior Pituitary gland with respect to the thyroid gland?

    <p>Regulating the production of thyroid hormone (T3/T4)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which gland is responsible for producing hormones that stimulate the growth of skeletal muscle and pubic hair?

    <p>Adrenal cortex</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which hormone has a glucose-sparing effect on the body?

    <p>Cortisol</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of the hormone produced by the pineal gland?

    <p>Regulates the sleep and wake cycle</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of the posterior pituitary hormone, oxytocin?

    <p>Stimulating the contraction of smooth muscle walls in the uterus</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which hormone is responsible for promoting the maturation of sperm in males?

    <p>Testosterone</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which hormone is responsible for regulating the rate of response to a stimulus in the nervous system?

    <p>Neurotransmitters</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which gland is responsible for producing hormones that regulate the transmission of chemical mediators?

    <p>Adrenal gland</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Where is parathyroid hormone produced?

    <p>Parathyroid gland</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary effect of oxytocin on the body?

    <p>Stimulates the contraction of smooth muscle walls in the uterus</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of thyroid hormone in fetal development?

    <p>Crucial for brain maturation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the following hormones with their primary functions:

    <p>Oxytocin = Stimulates contraction of smooth muscle walls of uterus and mammary gland releases milk ADH = Promotes reabsorption of H2O in the kidneys Cortisol = Has glucose sparing effects on the body Aldosterone = Increases reabsorption of salt and H2O therefore increasing blood volume and pressure</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the following glands with the hormones they produce:

    <p>Posterior Pituitary = Oxytocin and Antidiuretic Hormone (ADH) Thyroid Gland = Thyroid Hormone (T3/T4) and Calcitonin Adrenal Medulla = Epinephrine (Adrenaline) Pineal Gland = Melatonin</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the following hormones with their primary targets:

    <p>Parathyroid Hormone (PTH) = Bone, Gut, and Kidney Cortisol = Liver and lots of cells in the body Aldosterone = Kidney Oxytocin = Uterus and mammary glands</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the following hormones with their effects:

    <p>Calcitonin = Lowes Ca2 levels Parathyroid Hormone (PTH) = Promotes calcium release from tissues and enhanced reabsorption of Ca2 by kidneys Thyroid Hormone (T3/T4) = Crucial for brain maturation during fetal development Cortisol = Has glucose sparing effects on the body</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the following glands with their functions:

    <p>Adrenal Cortex (Zona Glomerulosa) = Produces Aldosterone Posterior Pituitary = Releases Oxytocin and ADH Thyroid Gland = Produces Thyroid Hormone (T3/T4) Pineal Gland = Produces Melatonin</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the following hormones with their effects on the body:

    <p>Epinephrine (Adrenaline) = Stimulates smooth muscle and increases blood pressure Oxytocin = Stimulates contraction of smooth muscle walls of uterus and mammary gland releases milk Aldosterone = Increases blood volume and pressure Parathyroid Hormone (PTH) = Increases Ca2 levels</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the following glands with the hormones they produce:

    <p>Adrenal Cortex (Zona Fasciculata) = Cortisol Testes = Testosterone Ovaries = Estrogen Parathyroid Gland = Parathyroid Hormone (PTH)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the following hormones produced by the Anterior Pituitary gland with their primary targets:

    <p>Thyroid Stimulating Hormone (TSH) = Thyroid Adrenocorticotropic Hormone (ACTH) = Adrenal Gland Prolactin = Mammary Gland Growth Hormone (GH) = Bone, Adipose, Muscles</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the following hormones with their primary effects:

    <p>Thyroid Stimulating Hormone (TSH) = Stimulates release of Thyroid hormone and maintains size of cells of thyroid Adrenocorticotropic Hormone (ACTH) = Release of steroid hormones from adrenal cortex effecting glucose metabolism Prolactin = Regulates milk production Melanocyte Stimulating Hormone (MSH) = Stimulates melanocytes of skin to increase melanin production</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the following hormones produced by the Anterior Pituitary gland with their primary functions:

    <p>Growth Hormone (GH) = Stimulating effect in the growth of the body during childbirth Follicle Stimulating Hormone (FSH) = Stimulates the development of follicles in the ovaries Luteinizing Hormone (LH) = Stimulates the development of follicles in the ovaries and testosterone production in the testes Prolactin = Regulates milk production</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the following hormones produced by the Anterior Pituitary gland with their effects on the body:

    <p>Adrenocorticotropic Hormone (ACTH) = Affects glucose metabolism Growth Hormone (GH) = Stimulates the growth of bone, adipose, and muscle Prolactin = Regulates milk production Melanocyte Stimulating Hormone (MSH) = Increases melanin production in the skin</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the following hormones produced by the Anterior Pituitary gland with their targets in the body:

    <p>Thyroid Stimulating Hormone (TSH) = Thyroid cells Adrenocorticotropic Hormone (ACTH) = Adrenal cortex Prolactin = Mammary gland Growth Hormone (GH) = Bone, adipose, and muscle</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the following hormones produced by the Anterior Pituitary gland with their functions in the body:

    <p>Growth Hormone (GH) = Stimulates growth and development Follicle Stimulating Hormone (FSH) = Stimulates the development of follicles Luteinizing Hormone (LH) = Stimulates the development of follicles and testosterone production Prolactin = Regulates milk production</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the following hormones with their primary targets:

    <p>Adrenocorticotropic Hormone (ACTH) = Adrenal Cortex Prolactin = Mammary glands Thyroid Stimulating Hormone (TSH) = Thyroid Gland Follicle Stimulating Hormone (FSH) = Ovaries</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the following hormones produced by the Anterior Pituitary gland with their effects on hormone production:

    <p>Thyroid Stimulating Hormone (TSH) = Stimulates the release of thyroid hormone Adrenocorticotropic Hormone (ACTH) = Stimulates the release of steroid hormones Prolactin = Regulates milk production Growth Hormone (GH) = Stimulates the growth of bone, adipose, and muscle</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the following hormones with their effects on blood glucose levels:

    <p>Insulin = Lower blood glucose levels Glucagon = Raise blood glucose levels Cortisol = Raise blood glucose levels Epinephrine = Raise blood glucose levels</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the following glands with their hormones:

    <p>Adrenal Cortex = Aldosterone Thyroid Gland = Thyroid Hormone (T3/T4) Pineal Gland = Melatonin Posterior Pituitary = Oxytocin</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the following hormones with their effects on the body:

    <p>Androgens = Stimulate growth of pubic hair and skeletal muscle Epinephrine = Enhance the actions of the sympathetic nervous system Parathyroid Hormone (PTH) = Increase calcium levels in the blood Adrenocorticotropic Hormone (ACTH) = Stimulate cortisol production</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the following hormones with their functions in the body:

    <p>Insulin = Lower blood glucose levels Glucagon = Raise blood glucose levels Thyroid Hormone (T3/T4) = Regulate metabolic rate Growth Hormone (GH) = Stimulate growth and development</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the following glands with their functions in the body:

    <p>Adrenal Medulla = Produce hormones for fight or flight response Thyroid Gland = Produce hormones for metabolism Anterior Pituitary = Regulate other endocrine glands Pineal Gland = Regulate sleep and wake cycle</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the following hormones with their effects on the skin:

    <p>Melanocyte Stimulating Hormone (MSH) = Increase melanin production Cortisol = Suppress immune response Androgens = Stimulate hair growth Epinephrine = Dilate pupils</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the following hormones with their targets in the reproductive system:

    <p>Luteinizing Hormone (LH) = Testes Follicle Stimulating Hormone (FSH) = Ovaries Prolactin = Mammary glands Oxytocin = Uterus</p> Signup and view all the answers

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