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Questions and Answers
What is a potential symptom of weakness and atrophy of the intrinsic foot muscles?
Which sign is positive for caused radiating paresthesia when tapping the flexor retinaculum?
In severe cases of intrinsic foot muscle issue, when do the symptoms tend to worsen?
What is associated with a positive Tinel sign?
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What is the likely condition when intrinsic foot muscles experience severe weakness and atrophy?
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What is the primary function of the flexor retinaculum?
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Where is the flexor retinaculum located?
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Which of the following structures is NOT included in the contents of the tarsal tunnel?
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Which of the following describes the extensor retinaculum?
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What shape does the inferior extensor retinaculum take?
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Which tendon is the most medial structure within the tarsal tunnel?
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Which of the following is a correct statement regarding the extensor retinaculum?
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What is the osteo-fascial tunnel created by the flexor retinaculum called?
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Which structure is located deep to the extensor retinaculum?
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What is a key function of the peroneal retinaculum?
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Which structure is superficial to the peroneal retinaculum?
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Which condition is associated with entrapment syndrome in the tarsal tunnel?
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In cases of tarsal tunnel syndrome, which area is NOT typically affected by symptoms?
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What is one possible cause of tarsal tunnel syndrome?
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Which artery is specifically mentioned as being deep to the extensor retinaculum?
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Which tendon is NOT associated with the extensor retinaculum?
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Study Notes
Ankle Retinacula
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Flexor Retinaculum:
- Thickening of deep fascia
- Located at the medial aspect of the ankle behind the medial malleolus
- Holds long flexor tendons in position
- Forms the tarsal tunnel with the medial malleolus
- Contains: tibialis posterior tendon, flexor digitorum longus tendon, posterior tibial artery, posterior tibial nerve, flexor hallucis longus tendon
Extensor Retinaculum
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Superior Extensor Retinaculum:
- Located at the front of the ankle
- Contains: tibialis anterior tendon, extensor hallucis longus tendon, dorsalis pedis artery, anterior tibial nerve, extensor digitorum longus tendons, fibularis tertius tendon
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Inferior Extensor Retinaculum:
- Contains: great saphenous vein, saphenous nerve
- Y-shaped in appearance
Peroneal Retinaculum
- Located behind the malleolus, on the lateral side of the ankle
- Holds the tendons of the lateral compartment of the leg in place
- Deep contents: peroneus longus tendon, peroneus brevis tendon
- Superficial contents: small saphenous vein, sural nerve
Tarsal Tunnel Syndrome
- Definition: Entrapment syndrome caused by pressure on the contents of the tarsal tunnel
- Causes: Fracture of talus, calcaneus, and medial malleolus, Rheumatoid arthritis
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Clinical Picture:
- Neuropathic pain and paresthesia in the heel, sole of the foot, and first 3 toes
- Weakness and atrophy of intrinsic foot muscles (severe cases)
- Symptoms worsen with walking, prolonged standing, and at night
- Positive Tinel sign: tapping the flexor retinaculum posterior to the medial malleolus triggering paresthesia.
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Description
Test your knowledge on the anatomy of ankle retinacula, including the flexor and extensor retinacula. This quiz covers their locations, functions, and the structures they contain. Perfect for students studying human anatomy or healthcare professionals looking to refresh their understanding.
