Animal Nutrition

Which of the following is NOT a function of feed for animals?

Which of the following factors does NOT affect the nutritional requirements of animals?

What are the three key components that feed provides to animals?

Which of the following is a characteristic of roughages?

Which of the following is NOT a high-protein concentrate?

What are supplements commonly mixed with to add protein, vitamins, or minerals to a diet?

When is the best time to harvest roughages to maximize nutrients?

Which type of feed is classified according to the type of nutrition it provides and the source from which it is derived?

What is the purpose of reproduction in animals?

What is the energy needed for maintenance called?

What is the purpose of lactation in animals?

During lactation, a female must be fed higher levels of __________ to meet the needs of both her and her offspring.

Animals utilized solely for milk production, such as dairy cows or goats, must be fed a high-_____________ diet at all times.

Working animals require higher levels of ____________, such as carbohydrates, to maintain their athletic ability and perform the tasks for which they are bred.

An animal's diet may be designed from a variety of _____________, or ingredients.

Animals must consume ______ to survive, grow, and reproduce.

Feed provides the animal with energy to be ______, protein to grow new or repair damaged cells, and vitamins and minerals to support various functions.

A house cat or dog does not burn very much energy throughout a typical day. It may go for a walk or play in the yard, but usually it is not very ______.

The functions of feed can be divided into five major categories: maintenance, growth, reproduction, lactation, and ______.

Roughages are feedstuffs originating from plants and include the leaves and stems. They are high in fiber and lower in protein and energy than the other two types of feed. Roughages are commonly grown to feed animals because of their low cost and ease of access. They are also highly desired by certain animals. Horses, sheep, goats, and cattle do well on high-roughage diets. Typical roughages grown for animal feed include alfalfa, clover, and common grasses. They are most nutritious and most desired by animals when harvested at an immature stage of vegetation. At that stage, the stems are still somewhat soft, and the leaves contain the highest levels of ______.

Concentrates are feedstuffs that contain a high level of either protein or energy. They are fed to animals that require additional protein or energy because of production, work, or a poor environment. Among high-protein concentrates are soybean meal, cottonseed meal, and sunflower meal. Among high-energy concentrates are corn, barley, wheat, rice, sorghum, and oats. Concentrates are sometimes fed to animals that are being raised to market weight for human consumption. They cause animals to gain weight more rapidly and create a more desirable final food product. Concentrates can also be fed to animals not able to digest roughages properly. They are typically fed at a lower rate in a maintenance ______.

Supplements are any products added to a diet to fulfill specific requirements. They include protein, vitamin, and mineral supplements. Medications can also be considered supplements when fed as preventive measures. Supplements are commonly mixed with concentrates to add protein, vitamins, or minerals to a diet. They can also be fed free choice, meaning that animals have access to the products constantly. Cattle are commonly fed salt and minerals free ______.