Podcast
Questions and Answers
What is the primary characteristic of bulky feeds?
What is the primary characteristic of bulky feeds?
What is the purpose of a maintenance diet?
What is the purpose of a maintenance diet?
What is the conformation shape of beef breeds?
What is the conformation shape of beef breeds?
What is the purpose of a body condition score?
What is the purpose of a body condition score?
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What is one of the freedoms in animal welfare?
What is one of the freedoms in animal welfare?
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What type of feed is high in protein?
What type of feed is high in protein?
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What is a notifiable disease?
What is a notifiable disease?
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What is the purpose of a productive diet?
What is the purpose of a productive diet?
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Study Notes
Animal Nutrition, Feed, and Ration
- Bulky feeds: high in fiber, low in protein, and have high water content, e.g., grass, silage, hay, and forage crops
- Concentrates: low in fiber, high in protein, and have low water content, e.g., meal, oats, barley, wheat, cereals, maize, and molasses
- Bulky feeds maintain weight, while concentrates promote weight gain due to high energy and sugar content
Types of Diets
- Maintenance diet: the amount of feed required to maintain a constant body weight
- Productive diet: the extra amount of feed required to produce 1kg of live weight gain (LWG), 1L of milk, 1kg of wool, or to produce a calf or lamb
Animal Conformation
- Beef breeds: block-shaped conformation, wide shoulders, and well-fleshed hindquarters, with a focus on muscle and thickness
- Dairy breeds: triangular-shaped conformation, narrow shoulders, and large hindquarters, with a focus on milk production
Body Condition Scoring (BCS)
- A scale from 1-5 to assess the level of fat reserves in cattle, sheep, and pigs
- Proper BCS is required for animal reproduction, milk production, and fat for slaughter
Welfare of Animals
- Freedom from:
- Hunger, thirst, and malnutrition: access to fresh food and water
- Discomfort: provision of shelter and comfortable resting area
- Pain, injury, and disease
- Fear and distress: avoidance of animal mental stress
- Expression of normal behavior: proper space, facilities, and company of other animals
Notifiable Diseases
- Diseases that must be reported to the district veterinary office
- Infectious diseases: caused by micro-organisms or other agents that enter the body
- Contagious diseases: easily transmitted by contact through bodily fluids or contamination
- Zoonoses: diseases and infections transmitted between vertebrate animals and humans, e.g., brucellosis and Rabies
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Description
Test your knowledge on animal nutrition, including bulky feeds, concentrates, and the characteristics of different feed types.
