Animal Nutrition: Feeds and Rations
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Questions and Answers

What is the primary characteristic of bulky feeds?

  • High in fibre and low digestability (correct)
  • High in fibre and low in fibre
  • Low in fibre and high digestability
  • High in protein and low in fibre

    • What is the purpose of a maintenance diet?

  • To reduce the fat reserves of an animal
  • To produce 1kg of LWG or 1L of milk
  • To allow an animal to maintain a constant body weight (correct)
  • To promote weight gain

    • What is the conformation shape of beef breeds?

  • Circular
  • Rectangular
  • Triangular
  • Block shaped (correct)

    • What is the purpose of a body condition score?

    <p>To assess the level of fat reserves an animal has</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is one of the freedoms in animal welfare?

    <p>Freedom from hunger, thirst, and malnutrition</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of feed is high in protein?

    <p>Concentrates</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a notifiable disease?

    <p>A disease that must be reported to the district veterinary office</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of a productive diet?

    <p>To produce 1kg of LWG, 1L of milk, or to produce a calf, lamb</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Animal Nutrition, Feed, and Ration

    • Bulky feeds: high in fiber, low in protein, and have high water content, e.g., grass, silage, hay, and forage crops
    • Concentrates: low in fiber, high in protein, and have low water content, e.g., meal, oats, barley, wheat, cereals, maize, and molasses
    • Bulky feeds maintain weight, while concentrates promote weight gain due to high energy and sugar content

    Types of Diets

    • Maintenance diet: the amount of feed required to maintain a constant body weight
    • Productive diet: the extra amount of feed required to produce 1kg of live weight gain (LWG), 1L of milk, 1kg of wool, or to produce a calf or lamb

    Animal Conformation

    • Beef breeds: block-shaped conformation, wide shoulders, and well-fleshed hindquarters, with a focus on muscle and thickness
    • Dairy breeds: triangular-shaped conformation, narrow shoulders, and large hindquarters, with a focus on milk production

    Body Condition Scoring (BCS)

    • A scale from 1-5 to assess the level of fat reserves in cattle, sheep, and pigs
    • Proper BCS is required for animal reproduction, milk production, and fat for slaughter

    Welfare of Animals

    • Freedom from:
      • Hunger, thirst, and malnutrition: access to fresh food and water
      • Discomfort: provision of shelter and comfortable resting area
      • Pain, injury, and disease
      • Fear and distress: avoidance of animal mental stress
      • Expression of normal behavior: proper space, facilities, and company of other animals

    Notifiable Diseases

    • Diseases that must be reported to the district veterinary office
    • Infectious diseases: caused by micro-organisms or other agents that enter the body
    • Contagious diseases: easily transmitted by contact through bodily fluids or contamination
    • Zoonoses: diseases and infections transmitted between vertebrate animals and humans, e.g., brucellosis and Rabies

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    Description

    Test your knowledge on animal nutrition, including bulky feeds, concentrates, and the characteristics of different feed types.

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