Animal Nutrition Basics
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Questions and Answers

Which of the following is NOT a primary function of animal nutrition?

  • Producing waste products (correct)
  • Providing energy
  • Promoting growth and development
  • Protection of the body

Succulents are a type of concentrate feed for livestock.

False (B)

What is a key characteristic of basal concentrates, in terms of their carbohydrate content?

high

Protein concentrates are essential for the repair of body ________.

<p>tissues</p> Signup and view all the answers

Match the types of feed with their characteristics:

<p>Concentrates = Rich in essential nutrients such as carbohydrates or protein Roughages = High in fiber content Supplements = Feed additives that enhance nutrition Succulents = High moisture content</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following best describes succulents?

<p>High in water and high in carbohydrates (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Roughages are generally low in fiber content.

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is another name for soilage?

<p>zero grazing</p> Signup and view all the answers

Roughages are generally poor or low in ______.

<p>digestibility</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of these is a characteristic of roughages?

<p>Low in digestibility (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Match the feed type with its characteristics:

<p>Succulents = High in water and carbohydrates Roughages = High in fiber content Soilage = Cut fresh and succulent grasses or legumes</p> Signup and view all the answers

Roughages are high in essential feed nutrients.

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Wet roughages include silage and ______.

<p>soilage</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary purpose of silage?

<p>To preserve foraged crops for animal feed (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Straw is an easily digested feed ingredient for animals.

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Name one example of a supplement used to add nutrients to animal feed.

<p>Groundnut cake</p> Signup and view all the answers

Silage is created under __________ conditions to preserve foraged crops.

<p>anaerobic</p> Signup and view all the answers

Match the feed types with their characteristics:

<p>Silage = Preserved crops used for feeding during non-growing seasons Straw = Difficult to digest, maintains animal survival Supplements = Nutrients added to animal diets Additives = Enhancements like antibiotics and growth hormones</p> Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

Concentrates

Concentrates are livestock feed rich in essential nutrients, particularly carbohydrates or protein, and form the bulk of the diet.

Basal/Energy Concentrates

Basal/energy concentrates are high in carbohydrates and/or fat, providing energy for growth. Examples include grains like cereals, forages, grasses, cassava, and yams.

Protein Concentrates

Protein concentrates are high in protein, important for building and repairing tissues. They are highly digestible and low in carbohydrates and fat. Examples include soybean meal, groundnut cake, and cottonseed cake.

Succulents

Succulents are juicy, fleshy plants that are high in moisture and often provide a source of vitamins and minerals. Common examples include leafy greens, root vegetables, and fruits.

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Supplements

Supplements are added to livestock feeds to provide specific nutrients that might be lacking in the main diet. They can include vitamins, minerals, and other essential compounds.

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Silage

Preserved green and succulent forage used for feeding farm animals, especially during winter.

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Straw

Dry stalks of cereal crops left after harvesting, used for animal feed.

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Salt Lick

A type of supplement that includes minerals and vitamins, often provided in a block form for livestock to lick.

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Additives

Substances added to animal feed to improve growth, health, or disease resistance, such as antibiotics, hormones, and growth promoters.

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Roughages

Plant materials such as grasses, legumes, and hay that are high in fiber and low in digestibility.

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Wet Roughages

Roughages containing a high percentage of water and low in fiber, such as grasses or alfalfa.

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Dry Roughages

Roughages containing a low percentage of water and high in fiber, such as hay or straw.

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Digestibility

The ability for an animal to digest and utilize nutrients from food.

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Protein Supplements

Plant materials high in protein and essential nutrients, providing building blocks for growth and development. Examples include soybeans, corn, and alfalfa.

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Study Notes

Animal Nutrition

  • Animal nutrition is the science of nourishing animals with feed to provide energy, promote growth, and protect the body.
  • Feed is classified as concentrates and roughages.
  • Concentrates are rich in essential nutrients (carbohydrates and proteins), forming a large part of the feed. There are two main types:
    • Basal energy/carbohydrate concentrates (help with growth, high in carbs/fats, energy sources)
    • Protein concentrates (repair tissues, high in protein)
  • Characteristics of basal concentrates: high in carbs/fats, digestible, low protein and minerals, fiber content less than 18%.
  • Characteristics of protein concentrates: high in protein, digestible, low in carbs/fats, low in minerals and fiber, fiber content less than 18%.
  • Examples of concentrates include cereals, forages ,grasses, cassava, yam, etc.
  • Roughages are high in fiber and lower in essential nutrients. They are less digestible.
    • Types of roughages include succulents (high in water, easily digestible, examples- roots, tubers, water leaves, sweetners, molasses) and dry roughages.
    • Dry roughages include hay (aerial parts of young grasses, sun-dried, low protein), and straw (remains of harvested crops, difficult to digest, used for maintaining animals).
  • Supplements and additives are small quantities of feed to provide essential nutrients (minerals, vitamins), which may be lacking in rations.
  • Examples of supplements include cottonseed cake, groundnut cake, salt licks, bone meal, oyster shell meal, blood meal, green plants, terramycine, outomycine, hormones, essential amino acids.
    • Mineral/vitamin supplements are high in vitamins/minerals, support development, resist diseases, aid in digestion, low in energy, protein, and fiber.
  • Animal protein concentrates, such as bone meal, fish meal, blood meal, shrimp head meal, milk, insect meal, earthworm meal, egg meal, and termite meal, are also considered concentrates.
  • Wet roughages - Soilage (cut fresh grasses and legumes)
  • Wet roughages - Silage (preserved green forage, anaerobic conditions in a pit/silo)

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Description

Explore the vital concepts of animal nutrition in this quiz. Learn about feed classifications such as concentrates and roughages, their nutritional characteristics, and examples of each type. This quiz will help you understand the science of nourishing animals for growth and energy.

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