Animal Nutrition Basics
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Questions and Answers

Which of the following is NOT a macro mineral?

  • Mg
  • K
  • P
  • Cu (correct)

    • Vitamins are inorganic compounds.

    False (B)

    What are the two main categories of minerals?

    Macro minerals and micro minerals

    A deficiency in carbohydrates can lead to ______ food intake and low weight gain.

    <p>reduced</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the nutrient to its source:

    <p>Carbohydrates = Crop residues, Straw, Hay Fats = Oil seed cakes/meals (soybean meal, tallow, fish meal, and oils) Vitamins = Fruits, vegetables Minerals = Forage, grains</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the impact of overfeeding on animal performance?

    <p>Is wasteful and costly, reducing performance and profitability (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Crop residues have little to no value in supplementary feeding for livestock.

    <p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Name one practice beneficial for managing land that ensures a continuous supply of forage.

    <p>Fertilizer application</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Natural pasture quality can change during the _____ season.

    <p>dry</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the following feed resources with their characteristics:

    <p>Improved forage resources = Includes livestock feed resources, crop residue, and natural pasture Crop residues = Leftover materials like straw and cobs from harvesting Natural pasture = Provides feed mainly during the wet season Agro-industrial by-products = Supplements from agricultural processing activities</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a maintenance ration primarily used for?

    <p>To maintain an animal's basic needs (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Production rations contain the same nutrients as maintenance rations.

    <p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are the two main types of rations?

    <p>Maintenance ration and Production ration</p> Signup and view all the answers

    To meet an animal's nutritional needs, feed formulation requires information on cost, availability, and __________.

    <p>nutrients</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the characteristics of feed with their descriptions:

    <p>Satisfy total dry matter = Ensures proper nutrient absorption Palatable = Pleasant taste for animal consumption Digestible = Can be broken down and utilized by the body Fairly bulky = Provides a feeling of fullness Fresh = Free from spoilage and maintains quality</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of feed can lead to rough coat, coughing, and watery eyes in animals?

    <p>Urea (A), Vegetables/Green Fodders (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Mineral lick can increase fodder intake in animals.

    <p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What negative effects can leguminous plants have on animal growth?

    <p>Low weight, stunted growth, poor product quality</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Animals fed with ________ may experience low weight and poor product quality.

    <p>oilseed cakes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the following minerals with their possible impacts:

    <p>Mg = Stunted growth Fe = Low product quality Zn = Rough coat K = Coughing</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of good ration?

    <p>High cost (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The Pearson Square method is useful only for balancing rations in poultry.

    <p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Name one method of balancing rations.

    <p>Trial and error or Pearson Square method</p> Signup and view all the answers

    A ration should be ______ to ensure livestock consume it willingly.

    <p>palatable</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the following steps of the Pearson Square method to their description:

    <p>Place feed names = Put the first feed name at the upper left and second at the lower left Calculate weights = Add the two right sides and divide by total Draw a square = Create a square and label the middle with % of CP Ignore negative values = Disregard any negative numbers during calculations</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Crop residues are considered a good source of crude protein, energy, and micronutrients.

    <p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following are examples of legumes often used as animal feed?

    <p>Vetch (A), Alfalfa (D), Sesbania (E)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    By-products from industries like oil extraction processes are known as ______.

    <p>oilseed cakes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are two examples of agro-industrial by-products used as animal feed?

    <p>Examples include: flour, oilseed cakes, molasses, brewery by-products, meat meal, bran, and rice bran.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the following feed resources with their primary characteristic:

    <p>Grasses = High in fiber Legumes = Higher protein content Crop residues = Low in nutritional value Agro-industrial by-products = Variable nutritional content based on source</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is classified as a protein-rich concentrate?

    <p>Soybean (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Water is essential for processes like digestion and waste elimination.

    <p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Name one example of an energy-rich concentrate.

    <p>Cereal grains</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Fats serve as a ____________ of energy in animal nutrition.

    <p>storehouse</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the following nutrient types to their benefits:

    <p>Carbohydrates = Main source of energy Proteins = Essential for growth and maintenance Fats = Storehouse of energy Water = Necessary for digestion and circulation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary purpose of silage making?

    <p>For usage at times of scarcity (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Hay making requires advanced machinery and extensive labor.

    <p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    List one step involved in the process of silage making.

    <p>Harvesting</p> Signup and view all the answers

    ____ is the oldest method of conserving feed.

    <p>Hay making</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the type of feed conservation to its description:

    <p>Hay Making = Preserved by drying during growth Silage Making = Produced by controlled fermentation Ensilage = Process involved in making silage Aerobic Condition = Environment during silage fermentation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of feed is characterized by higher fibrous content and is mostly intended for ruminants?

    <p>Roughages (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Soybean meal is a product derived from oil extraction.

    <p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Name one example of dry roughage.

    <p>Hay</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Corn is classified as an _____ feed resource.

    <p>energy-rich</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the following feed products with their descriptions:

    <p>Wheat middlings = Products of milling process Rice polishings = By product of rice milling Molasses = By product of sugar Oil seed cakes = Residue obtained after oil extraction</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a step involved in the manufacturing of compound feeds?

    <p>Fermenting the feed (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Premixes in compound feeds primarily consist of vitamins and minerals.

    <p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main purpose of grinding materials during compound feed production?

    <p>To increase the surface area of the ingredients, making them easier to digest and improving the homogeneity of the mixture.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The process of creating a homogeneous blend of feed components is called ______ .

    <p>blending</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the following steps in compound feed production with their brief descriptions.

    <p>Receiving and cleaning raw materials = Ensuring the quality and safety of the feed ingredients Selection and mixing of dry ingredients = Combining the chosen ingredients according to the formulated ratios Grinding the materials = Increasing surface area for improved digestion Pelleting the mixed feed = Forming the feed into small, cylindrical shapes Blending the feed = Creating a homogenous mixture of all ingredients</p> Signup and view all the answers

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