Animal Kingdom Classification

Animal Kingdom

• Animals are eukaryotic, multicellular, and belong to the Kingdom Animalia, with each having unique characteristics.
• They obtain energy by feeding on plants or other animals.
• There are millions of identified species, with some sharing similar characteristics and others differing drastically.

Classification of Animal Kingdom

• Animals are classified based on their characteristics, which distinguish them from algae, plants, and fungi.
• They are heterotrophic, digesting food within internal chambers, and are motile, except in certain life stages.

Protozoa

• Protozoa are unicellular, eukaryotic organisms with similar characteristics to animals, such as motility and predation.
• They feed by osmotrophy, absorbing nutrients through cell membranes, or by phagocytosis, engulfing particles with pseudopodia.

Bryozoans

• Bryozoans, also known as moss animals, are filter feeders that sift food particles from water using a crown of tentacles lined with cilia.
• They are mostly colonial, with some species being solitary, and are found in humid, glacial, and marine waters.
• Zooids, the individual units in bryozoans, are not completely independent species, and colonies have autozooids responsible for feeding and excretion.

Vertebrates

• Vertebrates are animals with backbones, including jawed vertebrates and jawless fish, such as sharks, rays, and bony fish.
• They vary in size, from the Paedophryne amanuensis frog to the blue whale.
• Vertebrates include amphibians, reptiles, mammals, and birds, each with distinct characteristics.

Organ Level of Organization

• Animal tissues with similar capacities are classified into shaped organs, each with a particular function.
• Examples include Platyhelminthes.

Tissue Level of Organization

• Animal cells with divided exercises among themselves cooperate to form tissues, performing the same function.

Organ Framework Level of Organization

• This level of organization is displayed in organisms where organs define the shape of functional frameworks, each with a distinct physiological capacity.

Cellular Level of Organization

• This level of organization consists of animals with cells formed as free cell lumps.

Organ Systems Patterns

• Circulatory System:
  • Open type: blood is pumped out of the heart, found in Mollusca and Arthropods.
  • Closed type: blood flows through a series of vessels, including capillaries, arteries, and veins.
• Digestive System:
  • Complete: has two openings to the outside of the body, a rear-end and a mouth, found in Chordates and Arthropods.
  • Incomplete: has only one opening, serving as both rear-end and mouth, found in Platyhelminthes.
• Body Symmetry:
  • Bilateral
  • Radial
  • ...