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Questions and Answers
Match the following skin conditions with their descriptions:
Alopecia = Absence of hair Hypotrichosis = Less than the normal amount of hair Collagen dysplasia = Connective tissue disorder Epitheliogenesis Imperfecta = Failure of skin epithelium to develop completely
Match the types of environmental-induced skin diseases with their causes:
Sunburn = Direct endothelial damage and inflammation Photosensitization Type I = Exogenous photodynamic substances Chemical injury = Local application leading to skin damage Physical injury = Abrasion, laceration, or extremes in temperature
Match the types of photosensitization with their characteristics:
Type I = Exogenous origin, plant toxins Type II = Aberrant endogenous agents Type III = Hepatogenous type causing chronic lesions Type IV = Unknown etiology or pathogenesis
Match the symptoms of solar dermatitis with their descriptions:
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Match the psychological factors to their corresponding conditions:
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Match the types of skin damage to their causes:
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Match the conditions related to sun exposure with their outcomes:
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Match the terms associated with skin conditions to their effects:
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Match the following types of skin diseases with their respective infectious agents:
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Match the following skin lesions with their descriptions:
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Match the following viral infections with their specific details:
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Match the following animals with their associated viral skin diseases:
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Match the following routes of entry for infectious agents with their descriptions:
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Match the following types of viral skin infections with their classifications:
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Match the following diagnostic methods with their purposes:
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Match the following skin conditions with their identifiers:
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Study Notes
Hair Loss Disorders
- Alopecia: Complete absence of hair.
- Hypotrichosis: Reduced quantity of hair, increasing susceptibility to sunburn, temperature extremes, and infections.
Connective Tissue Disorders
- Collagen dysplasia: Characterized by hyper-extensibility and laxity in connective tissues.
Epitheliogenesis Imperfecta (Aplasia Cutis)
- Failure of stratified squamous epithelium to fully develop, affecting skin, adnexa, and oral mucosa.
Environmental Induced Skin Diseases
- Types of injuries:
- Sun (Actinic) injury
- Chemical injury
- Physical injury
Sunburn and Solar Dermatosis
- Sunburn results from endothelial damage and keratinocyte damage, releasing inflammatory mediators.
- Acute solar dermatitis presents with redness, pain, edema, and blistering, while chronic cases lead to thickened, inflamed skin, possible dysplasia, or neoplasia, particularly on the ventral abdomen and thorax.
Photosensitization
- Activated by UV-A or visible light and involves photodynamic substances in the skin.
- Types of photosensitization:
- Type I: Exogenous agents from plants or drugs.
- Type II: Aberrant endogenous substances.
- Type III: Hepatogenous, linked to chlorophyll metabolite buildup.
- Type IV: Unknown cause.
- Gross lesions manifest in poorly pigmented skin areas.
Chemical Injury
- Local: Chemicals penetrate hair and the stratum corneum, worsened by moisture, leading to skin damage.
- Systemic: Ingestion of toxins causing widespread skin and organ effects.
Physical Injury
- Includes abrasions, lacerations, ulcerations, foreign bodies, and effects from radiation or temperature extremes.
- Feline Psychogenic Dermatitis: Results in lick dermatitis and neurodermatitis from persistent licking, often due to psychological stressors.
Infectious Skin Diseases
- Categories include viral, bacterial, mycotic, parasitic, and protozoal skin diseases.
Viral Skin Diseases
- Entry points: Trauma to skin, hair follicles, and gland ducts, or via nerves and bloodstream.
- Two types:
- Local: Example includes poxviruses affecting various animal species.
- Systemic: Involves overall infections with skin manifestations; examples include viral infections leading to dermatitis.
Local Viral Infections: Poxviruses
- Affect domestic animals and birds, with zoonotic potential.
- Contagious Pustular Dermatitis: Caused by parapoxvirus in sheep and goats, can have severe impacts on young animals, resulting in systemic issues.
- Characterized by lesions on lips and oral regions, progressing from vesicles to scabs.
Systemic Viral Infections
- Involve epitheliotropic or pantropic viruses, seen in diseases like canine distemper and foot-and-mouth disease (FMD).
- Diagnosis includes clinical signs, skin biopsy, serology, and virus identification methods.
Notable Diseases
- Scrapie: Also known as mad sheep disease, a prion disease similar to BSE affecting brain tissue.
- Papillomavirus infections noted across various species including canine and cattle.
Superficial Pyoderma
- Characterized by erythematous dermatitis with the formation of epidermal collarettes as a notable clinical feature.
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Description
Explore the various dermatological conditions in animals such as alopecia, hypotrichosis, and collagen dysplasia. This quiz examines the impact of these conditions on animal health and their susceptibility to various infections and environmental factors.