Animal Communication and Language

Use of vocal-auditory channel = Communication possible while performing other actions and over long distances Total feedback = Speakers hear their own speech and can monitor it Arbitrariness = Arbitrary relation between form and meaning Semanticity = Not available in the provided context

Hond (Afrikaans) means dog = Arbitrariness Bees perform a round dance when nectar is within 1m from the hive = Arbitrariness Louder barking in dogs indicates more aggression = Non-arbitrary relation between form and meaning Sign language is a means of communication = Use of non-vocal-auditory channel

Communication possible while performing other actions = Use of vocal-auditory channel Speakers can monitor and correct their speech = Total feedback Language can be used to communicate over long distances = Use of vocal-auditory channel Animal languages have a direct relation between form and meaning = Not a feature of human language

<p>Not unique to humans = Use of vocal-auditory channel Found in animal languages as well = Not applicable Applicable to sign language and written language = Structure dependency Speakers can correct their speech = Total feedback</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Duality of patterning = Not available in the provided context Cultural transmission = Not available in the provided context Semanticity = Not available in the provided context Reflexivity = Not available in the provided context</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Semanticity = Specific language signals refer to specific objects/actions/states/etc Duality of patterning = Separate language units can be recombined in different orders Cultural transmission = People are not born with a specific human language Spoonerism = Language errors that switches sounds between words</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>French = sel English = salt Afrikaans = sout Spanish = sal</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>European starlings = Require social teaching by other starlings White-crowned sparrows = Learn local patterns in their first three months Parrots = Can mimic human speech Finches = Have a fixed repertoire of songs</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Language Faculty = A genetically determined capacity to acquire any language Animal sign = Unclear whether it refers to a specific object or general information Semanticity = The study of meaning in language Spoonerism = A type of language disorder</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Duality of patterning = Least - steal; nails - snail Cultural transmission = Humans are not born with a specific language Spoonerism = Our queer old dean Semanticity = Sel - white, crystalline substance of sodium and chlorine atoms</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Zebra finches = Sing different songs when raised in isolation Dolphins, whales, and bats = Learn new regional dialects Bees = Use dance language to communicate location and quality of nectar Humans = Producing and understanding novel utterances</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Round dance = Within 1 m of the hive Crescent dance = Within 6 m of the hive Waggle dance = Further than 6 m away Re Reflexivity = Within the hive</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Displacement = Ability to communicate about things removed in time and space Reflexivity = Ability to communicate about language itself Creativity = Ability to produce and understand novel utterances Metalinguistic function = Ability to communicate about the here and now</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Human language = Multi-functional and has no constraint on sentence length Animal language = Dependent on external or internal stimuli Bee language = Communicates about location and quality of nectar Dolphin language = Can learn new regional dialects</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The dog which chased the cat...which ate the cheese = Relativisation The dog is chasing the cat = Displacement The dog is here = Reflexivity The dog is running = Creativity</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Words = Can be combined according to specific patterns or structures Phrases = Can be manipulated by substituting or moving them to other positions Sentences = Display internal structure and follow specific rules Chunks = Are the structural equivalent of one word</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Substituting = Replacing one unit with another in a structure Moving = Changing the position of a unit in a structure Forming = Creating a new linguistic unit according to specific rules Manipulating = Changing the internal structure of a linguistic unit</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Declarative sentence = Following the standard word order Yes/no question = Moving the auxiliary verb to the front of the sentence Imperative sentence = Using a specific verb form to give a command Interrogative sentence = Placing the verb at the end of the sentence</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Internal structure = Following specific rules to form linguistic units Abstract underlying structures = Operating on the basis of unconscious knowledge Structural equivalence = Treating a group of words as a single unit Specific language rules = Allowing fluent speakers to manipulate linguistic units</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Unconscious knowledge of language rules = Found in human language but not in animal communication systems Ability to manipulate linguistic units = Shared by humans and animals Internal structure of linguistic units = Unique to human language but not found in animal communication Use of specific language rules = Found in both human and animal communication systems</p> Signup and view all the answers