Animal Cell Structure and Organelles

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Questions and Answers

Match each organelle with its primary function in the cell:

Mitochondria = ATP generation through cellular respiration Endoplasmic Reticulum = Protein and lipid synthesis Golgi Apparatus = Modifying, sorting, and packaging proteins and lipids Lysosomes = Intracellular digestion and waste removal

Match the cell structure with its corresponding component:

Plasma Membrane = Phospholipid bilayer with embedded proteins Cytoskeleton = Network of protein fibers Nucleus = DNA organized into chromosomes Ribosomes = Responsible for protein synthesis

Match the following transport mechanisms with their primary characteristics:

Diffusion = Movement of molecules from high to low concentration Osmosis = Movement of water across a semipermeable membrane Facilitated Diffusion = Movement of molecules through a transport protein Active Transport = Movement of molecules against a concentration gradient, requiring energy

Match each type of cytoskeleton fiber with its primary function:

Microfilaments = Cell shape, movement, and muscle contraction Intermediate Filaments = Tensile strength and support cell structure Microtubules = Cell division, intracellular transport, and maintaining cell shape Centrioles = Formation of the mitotic spindle Signup and view all the answers

Match the chemical process with its role in metabolism:

Catabolism = Breaking down molecules to release energy Anabolism = Building complex molecules from simpler ones, requiring energy Protein Synthesis = Creating proteins from amino acids Cellular Respiration = ATP (energy) generation in the cell Signup and view all the answers

Match the items related to cell communication with their function:

Signaling Molecules = Transmits information between cells Receptors = Binds to signaling molecules to initiate a response Cell Communication = The process of cells interacting and signaling each other Plasma Membrane = Controls the passage of substances in and out of the cell. Signup and view all the answers

Match each organelle with its specific role in protein processing:

Ribosomes = Site of protein synthesis Rough ER = Protein synthesis and modification Golgi Apparatus = Protein sorting and packaging Lysosomes = Breakdown of damaged or unneeded proteins Signup and view all the answers

Match each cell component with its role in energy production or storage:

Mitochondria = ATP production through cellular respiration Smooth ER = Involved in lipid (fat) synthesis, which can store energy Peroxisomes = Detoxification and Lipid metabolism Cytoskeleton = Structural framework of the cell. Signup and view all the answers

Match each cell process with its role in maintaining cellular health:

Autophagy = Removal of damaged organelles and cellular components Apoptosis = Programmed cell death to eliminate damaged or unnecessary cells Protein Synthesis = Creating proteins needed for cell structure and function DNA Replication = Duplication of DNA before cell division Signup and view all the answers

Match the component of the nucleus with its function:

Nuclear Envelope = Double membrane enclosing the nucleus Nucleolus = Site of ribosome production Chromosomes = Structures containing the cell's DNA Nuclear Pores = Regulate the transport of molecules into and out of the nucleus Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

Plasma Membrane

A selective barrier, regulating substance passage in and out of the cell. Composed of a phospholipid bilayer with embedded proteins.

Cytoplasm

The region between the plasma membrane and the nucleus, containing organelles suspended in the cytosol.

Nucleus

Contains the cell's genetic material in the form of DNA, organized into chromosomes. Controls cell growth, metabolism, and reproduction.