Questions and Answers
What is the nucleus?
What do ribosomes produce?
Proteins
The nuclear membrane controls what enters and leaves the cell.
False
What is the function of mitochondria?
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What do lysosomes do?
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What is the function of Golgi bodies?
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What does the vacuole store?
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What is cytoplasm?
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What is the role of the endoplasmic reticulum?
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What does the cell membrane control?
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What is the function of centrioles?
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What does the nucleolus make?
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What does the cytoskeleton do?
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What do microfilaments help with?
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What is the role of microtubules?
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Study Notes
Nucleus
- Serves as the control center of the cell, regulating gene expression and cell functions.
Ribosomes
- Responsible for protein synthesis, translating messenger RNA into polypeptide chains.
Nuclear Membrane
- Semi-permeable barrier that regulates the movement of substances into and out of the nucleus.
Mitochondria
- Known as the powerhouse of the cell, it converts energy stored in food into adenosine triphosphate (ATP).
Lysosome
- Contains digestive enzymes to break down waste materials and cellular debris, often referred to as the "death sac."
Golgi Bodies
- Function in processing and packaging proteins for secretion or delivery to other organelles.
Vacuole
- Storage organelle for water, nutrients, and waste, providing structural support and maintaining turgor pressure in plant cells.
Cytoplasm
- Gel-like substance that fills the cell, providing a medium where organelles can be suspended and chemical reactions can occur.
Endoplasmic Reticulum (ER)
- Acts as a transport system within the cell, with rough ER studded with ribosomes for protein synthesis and smooth ER involved in lipid synthesis and detoxification processes.
Cell Membrane
- Flexible barrier that surrounds the cell, controlling the entry and exit of substances through selective permeability.
Centriole
- Aids in cell division by facilitating the organization of microtubules during mitosis.
Nucleolus
- Located within the nucleus, it is responsible for synthesizing ribosomal RNA (rRNA) and assembling ribosome subunits.
Cytoskeleton
- A network of protein filaments that maintains cell shape and enables cellular movement and organization of organelles.
Microfilament
- Components of the cytoskeleton that provide structural support and allow for cell shape changes, important for motility and division.
Microtubules
- Hollow structures that support the cell's shape, provide tracks for organelle movement, and are critical for cell division by forming the mitotic spindle.
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Test your knowledge of animal cell components with these flashcards. Each card highlights a key part of the animal cell, describing its function in detail. Perfect for biology students wanting to strengthen their understanding of cellular functions.
