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Questions and Answers
Which cellular component is primarily responsible for generating ATP through cellular respiration?
Which cellular component is primarily responsible for generating ATP through cellular respiration?
- Mitochondria (correct)
- Endoplasmic Reticulum
- Lysosome
- Nucleus
Which of the following best describes the function of the plasma membrane?
Which of the following best describes the function of the plasma membrane?
- Storing the cell's genetic material
- Regulating the transport of substances into and out of the cell (correct)
- Generating energy for the cell
- Synthesizing proteins
Which of the following is NOT a primary function of the endoplasmic reticulum?
Which of the following is NOT a primary function of the endoplasmic reticulum?
- Detoxification of drugs and poisons
- Protein folding and modification
- ATP production (correct)
- Lipid synthesis
How does cholesterol contribute to the structure of the plasma membrane?
How does cholesterol contribute to the structure of the plasma membrane?
Which of the following best describes the function of receptor proteins in the plasma membrane?
Which of the following best describes the function of receptor proteins in the plasma membrane?
In the context of kidney dialysis, which transport process is primarily responsible for removing waste products from the blood?
In the context of kidney dialysis, which transport process is primarily responsible for removing waste products from the blood?
Based on the provided information, what property of the dialysis membrane allows for the separation of waste products from blood cells?
Based on the provided information, what property of the dialysis membrane allows for the separation of waste products from blood cells?
Considering the diagram of anabolism and catabolism, what is the role of ATP in anabolic pathways?
Considering the diagram of anabolism and catabolism, what is the role of ATP in anabolic pathways?
How do enzymes facilitate biochemical reactions, such as those involved in catabolism and anabolism?
How do enzymes facilitate biochemical reactions, such as those involved in catabolism and anabolism?
In the context of cellular respiration, which of the following is a product of catabolic pathways and a substrate for anabolic pathways?
In the context of cellular respiration, which of the following is a product of catabolic pathways and a substrate for anabolic pathways?
Flashcards
Nucleus
Nucleus
The control center of the cell, containing the cell's DNA and regulating cellular activities.
Mitochondria
Mitochondria
Powerhouse of the cell. Generates energy(ATP) through cellular respiration.
Lysosome & Peroxisome
Lysosome & Peroxisome
Contain enzymes that breakdown cellular waste and toxins.
Endoplasmic Reticulum & Golgi Apparatus
Endoplasmic Reticulum & Golgi Apparatus
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Microtubule Cytoskeleton
Microtubule Cytoskeleton
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Plasma Membrane
Plasma Membrane
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Phospholipid bilayer
Phospholipid bilayer
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Receptor protein
Receptor protein
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Channel protein
Channel protein
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Cholesterol
Cholesterol
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Study Notes
- Animal cells should be labeled with their cellular components, and a brief description of each component's function is needed.
- Three cellular components not shown in the previous diagram need to be identified.
- Match each component of the plasma membrane with the appropriate letter label and connect each component to its function.
Plasma Membrane Components and Functions
- Phospholipid Bilayer: Creates a boundary between the cell and the external environment.
- Cholesterol: Alters membrane fluidity by interrupting phospholipid packing, with having just enough" being important.
- Channel Protein: Permits transport (active or passive) of useful solutes.
- Receptor Protein: Receives molecular signals from other cells and/or the environment.
- Membrane-Associated Protein: It has many possible functions; this one partners with a transmembrane protein to transmit signals within the cell.
- Carbohydrate Modification: Important for protein function but can be exploited by viruses
Dialysis Tubing
- Dialysis tubing has semi-permeable properties similar to a cell membrane.
- The common pore diameter permits molecules up to 10 kilodaltons in mass to pass through.
- Used to treat patients with kidney failure by removing waste from their blood.
Blood components in Dialysis
- Water: Concentration is 94% by mass in both pre-dialysis blood and dialysis fluid
- Sodium Ion: Concentration is 140 mmol/L in pre-dialysis blood and 133 mmol/L in dialysis fluid.
- Glucose: Concentration is 100 mg/dL in both pre-dialysis blood and dialysis fluid.
- Urea: Concentration is 100 mg/dL in pre-dialysis blood and 0 mg/dL in dialysis fluid.
- Creatinine: Concentration is 6 mg/dL in pre-dialysis blood and 0 mg/dL in dialysis fluid.
- Red Blood Cells: Concentration is 5 million cell/µL in pre-dialysis blood and 0 cells/µL in dialysis fluid.
- White Blood Cells: Concentration is 6,000 cells/µL in pre-dialysis blood and 0 cells/µL in dialysis fluid.
Anabolism and Catabolism
- Anabolism requires energy input to builds polymers from monomers
- Catabolism releases energy by breaking down polymers into monomers
- Anabolic processes involves dehydration synthesis.
- Catabolic processes involves hydrolysis.
- Chemical bonds store energy.
- Sugars, amino acids, and nucleotides are monomers.
- Starches, proteins, and DNA and RNA are polymers.
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