Angular Kinematics Exam Review

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Questions and Answers

What is the angular displacement formula expressed mathematically?

$\omega = \frac{\theta}{t}$ (correct)

$\theta = \frac{d}{r}$ (correct)

$v_T = \omega \times r$

$d = \theta \times r$

In angular kinematics, counter-clockwise motion is considered negative.

False

What does the right-hand-thumb rule help determine in angular kinematics?

The direction of angular displacement or angular velocity.

Angular velocity is calculated using the formula ____ = angular displacement/change in time.

ω Signup and view all the answers

Match the following terms in angular kinematics with their definitions:

Angular distance (φ) = Total rotation angle in radians, degrees, or revolutions Angular displacement (θ) = Change in position of an object from its initial to final angle Tangential velocity (vT) = Linear speed of an object moving along a circular path Radius (r) = Distance from the center of rotation to the point of interest Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following statements about velocity is true?

Angular velocity is greater for longer radii when tangential velocity is equal. Signup and view all the answers

The unit of force is measured in Pascals.

False Signup and view all the answers

What formula is used to calculate angular acceleration?

α = (ωf – ωi)/t Signup and view all the answers

Momentum is the product of mass and ______.

velocity Signup and view all the answers

Match the types of friction with their descriptions:

Static Friction = Force preventing motion between two stationary objects Kinetic Friction = Force opposing motion between moving objects Rolling Friction = Resistance encountered when an object rolls over a surface Fluid Friction = Resistance experienced by objects moving through a liquid or gas Signup and view all the answers

Which statement about collisions is correct?

Momentum is conserved in all types of collisions. Signup and view all the answers

The pressure formula is given by P = Area/Force.

False Signup and view all the answers

What is the formula for impulse?

Impulse = Ft Signup and view all the answers

What is torque defined as?

Force multiplied by the distance from the axis of rotation Signup and view all the answers

The moment of inertia (I) is calculated only by mass and does not take into account the distribution of that mass.

False Signup and view all the answers

What defines a 3rd class lever?

The force is applied between the axis and the resistance. Signup and view all the answers

The conservation of angular momentum implies that the total angular momentum of a given system remains constant in the absence of __________.

external torques Signup and view all the answers

Which factor most significantly affects angular momentum?

Distribution of mass Signup and view all the answers

Match the levers with their characteristics:

1st Class = Force and Resistance on opposite sides of the axis 2nd Class = Resistance is in the middle 3rd Class = Force is in the middle Levers in general = Consist of Axis, Force, and Resistance Signup and view all the answers

Mechanical advantage increases as the resistance arm (RA) increases relative to the force arm (FA).

False Signup and view all the answers

What equation represents the mechanical advantage (MA) of a lever?

MA = FA/RA Signup and view all the answers

The quantity of angular inertia is quantified as __________.

moment of inertia Signup and view all the answers

In angular kinetics, which of the following is true about the force arm (FA)?

It is the distance from the axis to the point where the force is applied. Signup and view all the answers

Which principle states that any body in a fluid will experience a buoyant force equal to the weight of the volume of the fluid it displaces?

Archimedes' principle Signup and view all the answers

Turbulent flow describes fluid layers that move smoothly and predictably.

False Signup and view all the answers

What does viscosity refer to in the context of fluid dynamics?

Resistance to flow Signup and view all the answers

The principle that describes how drag increases with the square of the relative velocity of motion is known as the _______ square law.

theoretical Signup and view all the answers

Match the types of drag with their descriptions:

Form drag = Affected by the area on which the fluid acts Surface drag = Affects moving objects due to skin friction Wave drag = Only felt in water, increases with faster movement Lift = Acts at right angles to the relative flow Signup and view all the answers

Which factor does NOT directly affect surface drag?

Density of the fluid Signup and view all the answers

The center of buoyancy is the point at which buoyant forces act, and it coincides with the center of gravity.

False Signup and view all the answers

What is the relationship between the duration of force and the velocity of an object?

Increase duration of constant force increases velocity Signup and view all the answers

The coordination of body segments moving together simultaneously usually aims for ______ or force.

accuracy Signup and view all the answers

What factor influences the buoyancy of an object in a fluid?

Volume of fluid displaced Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Exam 2 Review

This material is a summary of the lecture content for the second exam.
Students need to consult their notes, PowerPoint slides, and textbook readings for better understanding.
Formula sheet will be provided.

Lecture: Angular Kinematics

Relative vs. Absolute Angle: Angular distance (φ) vs. Angular Displacement (θ). Similar to linear, counter-clockwise is positive, clockwise is negative.
Measurements: Degrees, revolutions, and radians. Number of radians = arc length/radius.
Angular Distance vs. Displacement: Greater distance from rotation axis = greater linear displacement.
Angular Velocity (ω): Angular displacement/change in time (ω = θ/t).
Tangential Velocity (v₁): v₁ = ω x r (tangent to arc at a point) perpendicular to the radius at the arc. Longer radius = greater tangential velocity (v₁), for the same angular velocity (ω).
Angular Acceleration (α): α = (ωf - ωi)/t
Centripetal and Centrifugal Acceleration: Centripetal (ac) = v²/r, Centrifugal (af) = mv²/r
Important Concept (Kinetics/Forces): A force is measured in Newtons (N) and is equal to kg⋅m/s².

Lecture: Linear Kinetics (Forces)

Unit of Force: Newton (N) = kg⋅m/s²
Newton's Laws:
- Inertia
- Acceleration
- Action/reaction
Friction:
- Static friction: μs ≤ fs/Fn
- Kinetic friction: μk ≤ fk/Fn
- Rolling friction
Momentum: Mass × velocity. A vector quantity (direction and magnitude).

Lecture: Angular Kinetics

Torque: Torque (τ) = F x d (perpendicular distance of force from axis of rotation).
Levers:
- Axis (fulcrum)
- Force (motive force)
- Resistance (resistance force)
- 1st, 2nd, & 3rd class levers
- Mechanical Advantage (MA) = FA/RA

Important Considerations in Collisions

Conservation of Momentum: Momentum before collision = momentum after collision (no external forces). m₁v₁ (before) + m₂v₂ (before) = m₁v₁ (after) + m₂v₂ (after)
Impulse: Impulse = Ft = m₂v₂ - m₁v₁.
Collisions: Elastic vs. Inelastic.
Elasticity: Measured by Coefficient of Restitution (e). Determined by object composition and surface of the colliding object, and temperature.
Calculation: e = separation speed/approach speed or √(hb/ha) (sqr rt of bounce height/drop height).

Lecture: Angular Momentum & Kinetic Links / MPA

Angular Momentum: Moment of Inertia (I) x Angular Velocity (ω) = H = lω or mk2ω
- Affected by mass and distribution of mass (k) (radius of gyration)
Conservation of Angular Momentum: Total angular momentum remains constant.
- No external torques.
- Changes in angular velocity requires changes of mass distribution (ex. tucking).
MPA (Mechanical Performance Analysis): 3 main steps (Skill phasing, principles/performance factors application, coaching/feedback).
Kinetic Links: Coordination of linked body segments for force/velocity (body segments move together).

Lecture: Fluid Dynamics

Characteristics of Fluid:
- Laminar flow (layers)
- Turbulent flow (disturbed layers).
- Ease of flow = viscosity (resistance).
Buoyancy: Tendency of object to float. Archimedes' principle: buoyant force = weight of displaced fluid.
Drag: Opposing force to object through fluid.
- Form drag (profile).
- Surface drag (skin friction).
Lift: Acts at right angles to relative flow. Pressure differences (high to low).
Magnus Effect: Spin on a ball causes it to curve.

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Description

Prepare for the second exam with this comprehensive summary of angular kinematics concepts. This review covers key topics such as angular distance, velocity, and acceleration, along with essential formulas. Consult your lecture notes and PowerPoint slides for a complete understanding.

Angular Kinematics Exam Review

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Questions and Answers

What is the angular displacement formula expressed mathematically?

In angular kinematics, counter-clockwise motion is considered negative.

What does the right-hand-thumb rule help determine in angular kinematics?

Angular velocity is calculated using the formula ____ = angular displacement/change in time.

Match the following terms in angular kinematics with their definitions:

Which of the following statements about velocity is true?

The unit of force is measured in Pascals.

What formula is used to calculate angular acceleration?

Momentum is the product of mass and ______.

Match the types of friction with their descriptions:

Which statement about collisions is correct?

The pressure formula is given by P = Area/Force.

What is the formula for impulse?

What is torque defined as?

The moment of inertia (I) is calculated only by mass and does not take into account the distribution of that mass.

What defines a 3rd class lever?

The conservation of angular momentum implies that the total angular momentum of a given system remains constant in the absence of __________.

Which factor most significantly affects angular momentum?

Match the levers with their characteristics:

Mechanical advantage increases as the resistance arm (RA) increases relative to the force arm (FA).

What equation represents the mechanical advantage (MA) of a lever?

The quantity of angular inertia is quantified as __________.

In angular kinetics, which of the following is true about the force arm (FA)?

Which principle states that any body in a fluid will experience a buoyant force equal to the weight of the volume of the fluid it displaces?

Turbulent flow describes fluid layers that move smoothly and predictably.

What does viscosity refer to in the context of fluid dynamics?

The principle that describes how drag increases with the square of the relative velocity of motion is known as the _______ square law.

Match the types of drag with their descriptions:

Which factor does NOT directly affect surface drag?

The center of buoyancy is the point at which buoyant forces act, and it coincides with the center of gravity.

What is the relationship between the duration of force and the velocity of an object?

The coordination of body segments moving together simultaneously usually aims for ______ or force.

What factor influences the buoyancy of an object in a fluid?

Study Notes

Exam 2 Review

Lecture: Angular Kinematics

Lecture: Linear Kinetics (Forces)

Lecture: Angular Kinetics

Important Considerations in Collisions

Lecture: Angular Momentum & Kinetic Links / MPA

Lecture: Fluid Dynamics

Studying That Suits You

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