Anglo-Maratha Wars Overview

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Questions and Answers

What was the primary strategic goal of the British in the Anglo-Maratha Wars?

  • To dismantle the Maratha confederacy (correct)
  • To establish a free trade agreement
  • To promote Maratha independence
  • To form an alliance with Maratha rulers

Which outcome resulted from the Anglo-Maratha Wars?

  • The dissolution of the Peshwa's power (correct)
  • The establishment of Maratha dominance in India
  • The restoration of the Maratha Confederacy
  • The unification of all Indian states

How did the Anglo-Maratha Wars affect the socio-political landscape of India?

  • They resulted in the dismantling of British control
  • They solidified British control over the region (correct)
  • They led to increased autonomy for Indian states
  • They created new democratic governments

What was a significant consequence for the Maratha Confederacy following the wars?

<p>It underwent complete disintegration (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Who played a crucial role in the outcome of the Anglo-Maratha conflicts?

<p>Both British and Maratha leaders (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was a major factor that contributed to the outcome of the Anglo-Maratha Wars?

<p>Internal conflicts and rivalries within the Maratha Confederacy. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the primary influence behind the initiation of the First Anglo-Maratha War?

<p>Territorial expansion policies of the British East India Company. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which treaty marked the end of the First Anglo-Maratha War?

<p>Treaty of Salbai (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was a key outcome of the Second Anglo-Maratha War?

<p>The British strengthened their hold over the Maratha Empire. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Who was a notable British general during the Second Anglo-Maratha War?

<p>Arthur Wellesley (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which event marked the British dominance culminating from the Anglo-Maratha Wars?

<p>The establishment of the British Raj. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What characterized the Third Anglo-Maratha War?

<p>It represented a culmination of British expansionist ambitions. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What major advantage did the British have during the Anglo-Maratha Wars?

<p>Military superiority and strategic alliances with other Indian powers. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

Anglo-Maratha Wars

A series of three conflicts fought between the British East India Company and the Maratha Confederacy from 1775 to 1818.

Maratha Confederacy

A group of Indian princely states that were powerful but weakened by internal strife and conflicts.

Treaty of Salbai

The treaty that ended the First Anglo-Maratha War in 1782, giving the British an advantage and preserving their interests.

British territorial expansion

The cause of the First Anglo-Maratha War, driven by the British East India Company's desire for more land and resources.

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Arthur Wellesley

The British commander who played a key role in defeating the Marathas in the Second Anglo-Maratha War.

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Maratha internal strife

The internal conflicts and power struggles within the Maratha Confederacy that weakened them against the British.

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Third Anglo-Maratha War

The final conflict in the Anglo-Maratha Wars, marking the British dominance and control over the Maratha Confederacy.

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British strategies

The British East India Company's strategic use of military power, manipulation of conflicts within the Maratha Confederacy, and alliances with other Indian powers.

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British Strategy in the Anglo-Maratha Wars

The British East India Company, through a series of well-planned military campaigns, systematically dismantled the Maratha Confederacy, a powerful Indian alliance. This process involved defeating Maratha rulers and factions in numerous battles, gradually weakening their power and control.

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Impact of the Anglo-Maratha Wars on British Power

The Anglo-Maratha Wars marked a turning point in Indian history. The British Empire's victory led to the gradual expansion of their control, consolidating their position as the dominant power in India. The wars effectively established British dominance over the Indian subcontinent.

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Impact of the Anglo-Maratha Wars on the Maratha Confederacy

The Anglo-Maratha Wars significantly impacted the Maratha Confederacy, leading to its disintegration. The loss of power and territory undermined the Maratha Confederacy's political, social, and economic structures, leaving it vulnerable to British control.

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Legacy of the Anglo-Maratha Wars

The Anglo-Maratha Wars had a profound impact on India's political landscape, leading to the demise of the Maratha Confederacy. This paved the way for the eventual British colonization of India, transforming the country's political structure and shaping its future.

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Study Notes

Anglo-Maratha Wars: Overview

  • The Anglo-Maratha Wars were a series of three conflicts (1775-1818) between the British East India Company and the Maratha Confederacy, a group of Indian princely states.
  • These conflicts significantly shaped India's political landscape, leading to British East India Company dominance.
  • The wars arose from power struggles, territorial ambitions, and resource control. The Maratha Confederacy, while powerful, was internally divided by conflicts and rivalries.
  • Alliances shifted and betrayals occurred as various Maratha factions and rulers sought to defend their interests and counter British influence.

First Anglo-Maratha War (1775-1782)

  • Triggered by the British East India Company's expansionist policies.
  • The conflict began with disputes over Deccan Plateau territories.
  • The British faced coordination challenges due to internal disagreements and competing objectives.
  • The war weakened some Maratha chieftains, strengthening their rivals and creating instability within the Confederacy, aiding British aims.
  • The Treaty of Salbai (1782) concluded the war, favoring British interests.

Second Anglo-Maratha War (1803-1805)

  • The British exploited internal divisions within the Maratha Confederacy.
  • The war was triggered by the Maratha Peshwa's expansionist policies and concerns about certain Maratha chieftains' threats to British interests.
  • British military superiority, strategic alliances, and manipulation of internal conflicts resulted in Maratha defeats.
  • Key battles involved British General Arthur Wellesley (later the Duke of Wellington).
  • The war's outcome saw significant British territorial gains and further control over the fractured Maratha Empire.

Third Anglo-Maratha War (1817-1818)

  • This final conflict represented the culmination of British expansion and the weakened Maratha Confederacy.
  • The British strategically initiated the war using various justifications to target individual Maratha rulers and factions, dismantling the Confederacy.
  • Decisive British victories led to the complete disintegration of the Maratha Confederacy, with their territories added to British India.
  • The dissolution of the Peshwa's power marked the full subjugation of the Maratha states by the British.

Key Figures in the Anglo-Maratha Wars

  • Leaders from both sides significantly influenced the wars' course and outcomes.
  • Key British and Maratha military and political figures shaped the conflicts.

Impact of the Anglo-Maratha Wars

  • The British emerged as the dominant power in India.
  • The wars led to territorial gains and solidified the British East India Company's control over the Indian subcontinent.
  • The wars significantly altered the balance of power in India.
  • These conflicts profoundly impacted the Maratha Confederacy's social, economic, and political structures.
  • The demise of the Confederacy prepared the way for British colonization.

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