Podcast
Questions and Answers
Who were the two main parties in the Anglicist-Orientalist controversy?
Anglicist and Orientalist
Who played a key role in settling the controversy in 1835?
Lord William Bentinck
Which member of the Governor-General's Council was in favor of introducing Western education in India?
Lord Macaulay
What language was recommended as the medium of instruction in the Education Minute (1835)?
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What was the stipulated amount of rupees that the British government of India would devote to promote European literature and sciences among the natives of India?
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Which General Committee of Public Instruction was founded in 1823?
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In which city was the Calcutta Medical College established in 1835?
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Who worked for the education of women and helped establish the Hindu Female School in 1849?
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What was the significance of Lord Hardinge's declaration in 1844 regarding English education and government employment?
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What did Raja Ram Mohan Roy do to promote Western education in India?
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Study Notes
The Anglicist-Orientalist Controversy
- The Anglicist party included W.W. Bird, Saunders, C.E. Trevelyan, Calvin, and others.
- The Orientalists were H.T. Princep, Elliot, Macnaghten, Sutherland, and others.
Introduction of Western Education in India
- In 1835, Lord William Bentinck, the Governor-General of India, introduced Western education in India through the initiative of Lord Macaulay.
- Macaulay recommended the introduction of English education in India through the medium of English in his Minute (1835).
- The British government of India devoted one lakh of rupees to promote European literature and sciences among the natives of India.
- The medium of instruction was declared to be the English language alone.
Growth of English Education
- The demand for English education grew rapidly after 1835, particularly in Bengal.
- In 1835, the Calcutta Medical College was established to impart Western medical science to Indian students.
- In 1844, Lord Hardinge linked knowledge of English with government employment, giving preference to English-knowing Indians.
Women's Education and Iswarchandra Vidyasagar
- Iswarchandra Vidyasagar worked for the education of women, realizing that there could be no emancipation of women without education.
- He helped establish the Hindu Female School (Hindu Balika Vidyalaya) in 1849, which was later known as the Bethune Female School.
- Vidyasagar established many female schools in the districts, some of which were run at his own expense.
- He wrote and published his pioneering work Barnaparichay for beginners in 1855.
Indian Initiatives for the Spread of Western Education
- The introduction of Western education was a major factor in the Indian awakening.
- Raja Ram Mohan Roy and others worked to promote Western education in India.
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Description
Learn about the ongoing debate between the Anglicists and Orientalists in traditional Indian education, including key figures from both parties and the establishment of a General Committee of Public Instruction by the British East India Company in 1923.
