Podcast
Questions and Answers
What is the approximate number of amino acids in the hormone angiotensin 2?
What is the approximate number of amino acids in the hormone angiotensin 2?
- 10
- 12
- 8 (correct)
- 5
What is the effect of angiotensin 2 on smooth muscle in blood vessels?
What is the effect of angiotensin 2 on smooth muscle in blood vessels?
- No effect
- Constriction (correct)
- Growth
- Relaxation
What happens to blood pressure when vasoconstriction occurs?
What happens to blood pressure when vasoconstriction occurs?
- It fluctuates
- It increases (correct)
- It remains the same
- It decreases
What is the formula that relates blood pressure to flow and resistance?
What is the formula that relates blood pressure to flow and resistance?
What is the term for the constriction of blood vessels?
What is the term for the constriction of blood vessels?
What is the effect of increased resistance on blood pressure?
What is the effect of increased resistance on blood pressure?
What are the two components of flow (Q) in the formula ΔP = Q × R?
What are the two components of flow (Q) in the formula ΔP = Q × R?
What is the meaning of the prefix 'angio' in the word 'angiotensin'?
What is the meaning of the prefix 'angio' in the word 'angiotensin'?
What is the effect of angiotensin 2 on blood vessels?
What is the effect of angiotensin 2 on blood vessels?
What is the rapid response of blood vessels to angiotensin 2?
What is the rapid response of blood vessels to angiotensin 2?
What is the effect of sodium reabsorption on urine?
What is the effect of sodium reabsorption on urine?
What is the effect of ADH on blood vessels?
What is the effect of ADH on blood vessels?
What is the main function of aldosterone?
What is the main function of aldosterone?
What is the effect of increased stroke volume on arterial pressure?
What is the effect of increased stroke volume on arterial pressure?
What is the target organ affected by angiotensin 2 that responds slowly?
What is the target organ affected by angiotensin 2 that responds slowly?
What is the effect of water reabsorption on blood pressure?
What is the effect of water reabsorption on blood pressure?
What is the function of the pituitary gland in response to angiotensin 2?
What is the function of the pituitary gland in response to angiotensin 2?
What is the result of increased resistance and increased stroke volume on blood pressure?
What is the result of increased resistance and increased stroke volume on blood pressure?
What is the purpose of reabsorbing water in the nephron?
What is the purpose of reabsorbing water in the nephron?
Why does the sodium reabsorption strategy work?
Why does the sodium reabsorption strategy work?
What happens when you try to reabsorb salt in an area of the nephron that is not permeable to water?
What happens when you try to reabsorb salt in an area of the nephron that is not permeable to water?
What is the strategy used by ADH to reabsorb water in areas of the nephron that are not permeable to water?
What is the strategy used by ADH to reabsorb water in areas of the nephron that are not permeable to water?
Why do aldosterone and angiotensin 2 work in areas of the nephron that are permeable to water?
Why do aldosterone and angiotensin 2 work in areas of the nephron that are permeable to water?
What is the key to increasing stroke volume in both situations?
What is the key to increasing stroke volume in both situations?
What is the difference between how ADH and aldosterone/angiotensin 2 work?
What is the difference between how ADH and aldosterone/angiotensin 2 work?
Why does the water channel approach not work in areas of the nephron that are permeable to water?
Why does the water channel approach not work in areas of the nephron that are permeable to water?
Study Notes
Angiotensin 2 Hormone
- Angiotensin 2 is a small hormone consisting of 8 amino acids
- It targets various organs and causes vasoconstriction in blood vessels
- Vasoconstriction increases resistance, leading to increased blood pressure
Blood Vessel Target
- Angiotensin 2 constricts smooth muscle in blood vessel walls, causing vasoconstriction
- This increases resistance, which in turn increases blood pressure (delta P = Q x R)
- The formula delta P = Q x R is useful in understanding how angiotensin 2 affects blood pressure
- Increased resistance leads to increased arterial pressure, with little change in venous pressure
Kidney Target
- Angiotensin 2 causes sodium reabsorption in the kidneys, leading to water reabsorption
- This increases stroke volume, which in turn increases arterial blood pressure
- The response in the kidneys is slower compared to the rapid response in blood vessels
Pituitary Gland Target
- Angiotensin 2 stimulates the pituitary gland to release antidiuretic hormone (ADH)
- ADH causes vasoconstriction and water reabsorption, leading to increased stroke volume and blood pressure
- Water reabsorption differs from sodium reabsorption in its mechanism and effect on blood pressure
Adrenal Gland Target
- Angiotensin 2 stimulates the adrenal gland to release aldosterone
- Aldosterone causes sodium reabsorption in the kidneys, leading to water reabsorption and increased stroke volume
- Sodium reabsorption also leads to increased blood pressure
Salt vs. Water Reabsorption
- Both salt and water reabsorption increase stroke volume and blood pressure
- Salt reabsorption works through osmosis, pulling water back into the bloodstream
- Water reabsorption uses specialized channels to allow water to pass through
- ADH uses water channels, while aldosterone and angiotensin 2 use salt reabsorption
- The strategy used depends on the permeability of the nephron to water
Studying That Suits You
Use AI to generate personalized quizzes and flashcards to suit your learning preferences.
Description
Learn about the targets of angiotensin 2, a small hormone composed of 8 amino acids, and its role in the body.
