Angiogenesis and Anti-VEGF Drugs in Cancer Treatment
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Questions and Answers

What type of ECs provide a barrier to solutes and maintain bloodstream homeostasis?

  • Quiescent ECs (correct)
  • Anti-VEGF ECs
  • VEGF-resistant ECs
  • Pro-inflammatory ECs

Which mediator acts on post-capillary venules to increase microvascular permeability?

  • Epinephrine
  • Vascular endothelial growth factor (correct)
  • Glucagon
  • Insulin

What is the main determinant of microvascular permeability?

  • Pro-inflammatory mediators
  • Barrier properties of the endothelium (correct)
  • Anti-VEGF drugs
  • Microvascular endothelial cells

Which process involves ECs driving the formation of new blood vessels from existing ones?

<p>Angiogenesis (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of cells regulate vascular barrier function and control inflammation?

<p>Endothelial cells (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What process is characterized by the sprouting of new lymphatic blood vessels?

<p>Lymphangiogenesis (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which system is involved in the regulation of lymphangiogenesis?

<p>VEGF – VEGFRs (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which drug would most likely inhibit the formation of new lymphatic vessels?

<p>VEGF-B inhibitor (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which signaling system is important in the process of angiogenesis and vasculogenesis?

<p>Delta – Notch system (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In patients with VEGF resistance, what factor might be a contributing cause?

<p>Hyperactivity of the Notch system (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How is myosin light chain dephosphorylation achieved?

<p>Increasing MLCP activity (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In resistance vessels, what is the direct result of endothelial nitric oxide (NO) production?

<p>Reduction in blood pressure (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of cells regulate vascular function and integrity by forming a mono-cellular layer along the lumen of blood vessels?

<p>Endothelial cells (ECs) (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is involved in the pathogenesis of arteriosclerosis according to the text?

<p>Phosphorylation of MYPT1 and MLC20 (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which process is Rho/ROCK signaling involved in according to the text?

<p>Arteriosclerosis (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main purpose of using anti-VEGF and anti-VEGFR drugs in cancer treatment?

<p>To inhibit angiogenesis and restrict tumor growth (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a potential application of VEGF in medicine?

<p>Maintenance of various tissues at physiological levels (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is responsible for impaired neovessel formation in ischemic disease?

<p>VEGF resistance (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a role of Notch signaling in VEGF resistance?

<p>Conferring VEGF resistance and angiostasis (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the limitation of using VEGF gene therapy for critical limb ischemia?

<p>It has failed in clinical trials (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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