Podcast
Questions and Answers
What is an aneurysm?
What is an aneurysm?
A permanent localized dilation of the artery with an increase in diameter greater than 1.5 times its normal diameter.
What are the two main types of aneurysms?
What are the two main types of aneurysms?
- Saccular and Fusiform (correct)
- Linear and Circular
- Acute and Chronic
- Simple and Complex
Ultrasound is a highly accurate way to detect aortic aneurysms.
Ultrasound is a highly accurate way to detect aortic aneurysms.
True (A)
Which of the following is NOT a possible location for an aortic aneurysm?
Which of the following is NOT a possible location for an aortic aneurysm?
What is the most common location for an aortic aneurysm?
What is the most common location for an aortic aneurysm?
What is the most common site of rupture in an aortic aneurysm?
What is the most common site of rupture in an aortic aneurysm?
What is considered a normal diameter for the aorta?
What is considered a normal diameter for the aorta?
What is aortic dissection?
What is aortic dissection?
Which of the following is a risk factor for aortic dissection?
Which of the following is a risk factor for aortic dissection?
What is Type 1 aortic dissection?
What is Type 1 aortic dissection?
What is an arteriovenous fistula?
What is an arteriovenous fistula?
When the IVC is obstructed, what system takes over and acts as the IVC?
When the IVC is obstructed, what system takes over and acts as the IVC?
What condition may cause the flow in the portal vein to be reversed?
What condition may cause the flow in the portal vein to be reversed?
What is the most common predisposing factor for portal hypertension?
What is the most common predisposing factor for portal hypertension?
Flashcards
Aneurysm
Aneurysm
Permanent localized dilation of the artery with an increase in diameter greater than 1.5 times its normal diameter.
2 types of Aneurysms
2 types of Aneurysms
Saccular and fusiform
Accuracy rate for ultrasound in detecting aortic aneurysms
Accuracy rate for ultrasound in detecting aortic aneurysms
98.8%, making it the modality of choice
Possible locations of an aortic aneurysm
Possible locations of an aortic aneurysm
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Most common location for an aortic aneurysm
Most common location for an aortic aneurysm
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Most common site of rupture in an aortic aneurysm
Most common site of rupture in an aortic aneurysm
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Normal Diameter of the AORTA
Normal Diameter of the AORTA
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Aortic Dissection
Aortic Dissection
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Risk factors for development of an Aortic Dissection
Risk factors for development of an Aortic Dissection
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Type 1 Aortic Dissection
Type 1 Aortic Dissection
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Type 2 Aortic Dissection
Type 2 Aortic Dissection
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Type 3 Aortic Dissection
Type 3 Aortic Dissection
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Arteriovenous fistula
Arteriovenous fistula
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System that takes over when the IVC is obstructed
System that takes over when the IVC is obstructed
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Condition that causes reversed flow in the portal vein
Condition that causes reversed flow in the portal vein
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Most common predisposing factor of Portal Hypertension
Most common predisposing factor of Portal Hypertension
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Study Notes
Aneurysms
- An aneurysm is a permanent dilation of an artery, where the diameter increases more than 1.5 times the normal size.
- Two main types of aneurysms are saccular and fusiform.
- Ultrasound for detecting aortic aneurysms has a high accuracy rate (98.8%) when performed correctly, making it the preferred diagnostic method.
- Aortic aneurysms can occur in the infrarenal, suprarenal, and perirenal regions.
- The most common location is infrarenal.
- The most common rupture site is the lateral wall below the renal vessels.
- A normal aorta diameter is less than 3 cm.
Aortic Dissection
- Aortic dissection is a separation of the aortic wall layers, with blood flowing through a false lumen.
- Risk factors include a known aneurysm, sudden severe chest pain radiating to the back, age (40-60), and a higher prevalence in males.
- Type 1 dissection is the most dangerous, starting at the root of the aorta and potentially extending to the arch, which can cut off blood supply to arch vessels.
- Type 2 dissection begins at or below the subclavian artery, extending down the descending aorta, often associated with Marfan syndrome.
- Type 3 dissection involves the lower descending aorta, extending into the abdominal aorta and potentially affecting blood supply to the renal arteries.
Other Vascular Conditions
- An arteriovenous fistula is an abnormal connection between an artery and a vein.
- If the inferior vena cava (IVC) is blocked, the azygos and/or hemiazygos systems may take over its function.
- Portal hypertension can cause reversed portal vein flow.
- The most common cause of portal hypertension is intrinsic liver disease.
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