Anesthetic Maintenance Quiz
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Questions and Answers

Which of the following is true about volatile or inhalation agents used in anaesthesia maintenance?

  • They can exist in both liquid and gaseous forms (correct)
  • They exist only as gases at room temperature
  • They are carried as a liquid by a gas
  • They are actually gases

    • What is the purpose of a vaporiser in anaesthesia maintenance?

  • To convert gases into liquids
  • To deliver oxygen to the patient
  • To carry anaesthetic agents as a gas
  • To deliver anaesthetic agents to the patient (correct)

    • What happens when more fresh gas flow is allowed into the chamber of the vaporiser?

  • The vaporiser temperature increases
  • The patient receives less anaesthetic agent
  • The patient receives more anaesthetic agent (correct)
  • The gas becomes saturated with oxygen

    • What is the critical temperature of a substance?

    <p>The temperature at which it exists only as a gas (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of the bypass pathway in the vaporiser?

    <p>To allow gas flow to the patient when the vaporiser is turned off (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a disadvantage of using nitrous oxide in anesthesia?

    <p>It can cause bone marrow suppression (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are the environmental concerns associated with the use of anaesthetic inhalation agents?

    <p>They are considered greenhouse gases (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the recommended minimum percentage of oxygen (O2) needed in anesthesia?

    <p>30% (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why is nitrous oxide not suitable for use in gastric dilation volvulus (GDV) cases?

    <p>It diffuses quickly into gas-filled spaces (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the potential risk associated with long-term exposure to nitrous oxide?

    <p>Bone marrow suppression (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is Total Intravenous Anaesthesia (TIVA)?

    <p>Anaesthesia induced and maintained by intravenous administration of drugs (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following drugs is a centrally acting muscle relaxant but does not provide analgesia on its own?

    <p>Guaifenesin (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main rationale behind Partial Intravenous Anaesthesia (PIVA)?

    <p>To reduce the amount of inhalation agent needed (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following drugs has been shown to improve cardiovascular stability under anesthesia?

    <p>Lidocaine (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the ceiling effect in relation to opioids?

    <p>There is no further reduction in MAC after a certain dose (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the advantage of using a continuous rate infusion (CRI) for anesthesia?

    <p>It avoids peaks and troughs in the anesthetic plane (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following drugs has reduced accumulation compared to methadone?

    <p>Morphine (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following statements is true about isoflurane and sevoflurane?

    <p>Isoflurane diffuses into tissues more quickly than sevoflurane. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a disadvantage of inhalation anaesthetic agents?

    <p>They cause dose dependent cardiovascular and respiratory depression. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main use of nitrous oxide in veterinary practice?

    <p>To spare the cardiovascular effects of other anaesthetic agents. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the estimated MAC of nitrous oxide in cats and dogs?

    <p>More than 200%. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main concern with the use of nitrous oxide in veterinary practice?

    <p>It can cause diffusion hypoxia. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the recommended duration of breathing 100% oxygen after the use of nitrous oxide?

    <p>8-10 minutes. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is true about the delivery of anaesthetic agents in modern vaporisers?

    <p>Modern vaporisers contain mechanisms for temperature and flow rate compensation. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How do inhalation agents work in the body?

    <p>They are absorbed by the alveoli and diffuse into the blood. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What factors affect the rate of increase in plasma concentration of an anaesthetic agent?

    <p>Concentration of the agent, patient's ventilation, cardiac output, and solubility of the agent in the blood. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What happens once the anaesthetic agents reach the central nervous system (CNS)?

    <p>Their exact mechanism of action is not fully understood. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How are inhalation agents removed from the body?

    <p>They are exhaled by the patient virtually unchanged. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of MAC (minimum alveolar concentration) values in anaesthetic practice?

    <p>To guide clinical decision making in patients under anaesthetic. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which one of these drugs is a dissociative anaesthetic and NMDA receptor antagonist?

    <p>Ketamine (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which one of these drugs is an alpha-2 agonist?

    <p>Detomidine (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which one of these drugs is a centrally acting muscle relaxant?

    <p>Guaifenesin (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the rationale behind Partial Intravenous Anaesthesia (PIVA)?

    <p>To reduce the amount of inhalation agent needed (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following drugs contribute to analgesia in anesthesia?

    <p>Opioids (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the advantage of using a Continuous Rate Infusion (CRI) for anesthesia?

    <p>It allows for easy adjustment of anesthesia depth (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a potential risk associated with long-term exposure to nitrous oxide?

    <p>Cancer (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a suitable option for maintaining anesthesia in small animals during TIVA?

    <p>Repeated boluses of ketamine (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the most appropriate option for anesthesia during intrathoracic surgery in small animals?

    <p>Total intravenous anesthesia (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are the potential risks associated with exposure to inhaled anesthetic agents in healthcare personnel?

    <p>Neurologic disease (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the recommended minimum percentage of oxygen (O2) needed in anesthesia?

    <p>30% (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is true about the critical temperature of a substance?

    <p>It is the temperature at which a substance exists as both a liquid and a gas. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What happens when the dial on the vaporiser is turned up?

    <p>The fresh gas flow is divided, with some continuing along the bypass pathway and some going into the chamber containing the anaesthetic agent. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of the bypass pathway in the vaporiser?

    <p>To allow the fresh gas flow to bypass the chamber containing the anaesthetic agent. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main rationale behind Partial Intravenous Anaesthesia (PIVA)?

    <p>To minimize the use of inhalation agents. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the recommended minimum percentage of oxygen (O2) needed in anesthesia?

    <p>40% (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main concern with the use of nitrous oxide in veterinary practice?

    <p>It can cause diffusion hypoxia. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following factors can result in a slower rise in the concentration of the anaesthetic agent in the plasma?

    <p>Increased solubility of the agent (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of anaesthetic scavenging mechanisms?

    <p>To remove the anaesthetic gases (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the minimum alveolar concentration (MAC)?

    <p>The concentration of vapour in the alveoli of the lungs needed to prevent 50% of patients from moving in response to surgical stimulus (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is true about MAC values?

    <p>They are different for different agents and different species (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following inhalation agents are licensed in veterinary species in the UK?

    <p>Isoflurane and sevoflurane (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of the dial on the vaporiser?

    <p>To measure the concentration of the agent leaving the common gas outlet (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is true about the MAC (minimum alveolar concentration) values of isoflurane and sevoflurane?

    <p>Sevoflurane has a slightly higher MAC than isoflurane. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following statements is true about the blood gas solubility of isoflurane and sevoflurane?

    <p>Isoflurane has a lower blood gas solubility than sevoflurane. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the advantage of sevoflurane over isoflurane in terms of anaesthetic depth?

    <p>Sevoflurane provides a quicker change in anaesthetic depth compared to isoflurane. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a disadvantage of using sevoflurane compared to isoflurane?

    <p>Sevoflurane is more expensive than isoflurane. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the potential disadvantage of using sevoflurane in terms of gas usage?

    <p>Sevoflurane requires a higher flow rate compared to isoflurane. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the advantage of using sevoflurane for mask induction?

    <p>The advantage of using sevoflurane for mask induction is not mentioned in the text. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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