PHY L2C | Gastrointestinal Motility

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What is the main function of GI motility?

Breaking down complex molecules into simpler compounds

Mixing and propelling ingested food for digestion and absorption (correct)

Absorbing nutrients from the food

Controlling the release of digestive enzymes

In which part of the GI tract does phasic contractions occur?

Ileocecal sphincter

Lower esophageal sphincter (correct)

Large intestine

Orad region of the stomach

What type of muscle is predominant in the contractile tissue of the GI tract?

Striated muscle

Skeletal muscle

Unitary smooth muscle with gap junctions (correct)

Circular smooth muscle

What is the primary function of mass movements in the GI tract?

Moving food into the small intestine Signup and view all the answers

Which part of the GI tract exhibits tonic contractions?

Orad region of stomach Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of circular smooth muscle in the GI tract?

Decreases the diameter of the GI tract Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following describes a direct action that promotes the urge to defecate?

Distention of the rectal wall Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of segmentation contractions in the large intestine?

Create characteristic saclike segments called haustra Signup and view all the answers

What triggers the urge to defecate once the rectum fills to 25% of its capacity?

Voluntary relaxation of the external anal sphincter Signup and view all the answers

What is the main function of mass movements in the large intestine?

Move fecal material over long distances Signup and view all the answers

In which part of the gastrointestinal tract does water absorption occur, leading to semisolid and increasingly difficult to move fecal material?

Distal colon Signup and view all the answers

What prevents reflux from the cecum back into the small intestine?

Contraction of the ileocecal sphincter Signup and view all the answers

Which part of a meal triggers an urge to defecate?

All of the above Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is true about the function of sphincters in the gastrointestinal tract?

They relax to allow the movement of contents by decreasing the pressure at rest. Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary factor determining the frequency of slow waves in the gastrointestinal tract?

Interstitial cells of Cajal and gap junctions Signup and view all the answers

Which phase of swallowing involves the soft palate being pulled upward and the epiglottis covering the opening of the larynx?

Pharyngeal phase Signup and view all the answers

What controls the opening and closing of the lower esophageal sphincter during esophageal motility?

Vagus nerve stimulation Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of the orad region of the stomach?

Gastric emptying Signup and view all the answers

What regulates the frequency and force of gastric contractions during fasting?

Motilin and migrating myoelectric complexes Signup and view all the answers

What is likely to inhibit gastric emptying?

CCK Signup and view all the answers

What stimulates peristalsis in small intestine motility?

Release of serotonin by enterochromaffin-like cells Signup and view all the answers

What triggers the release of motilin in the small intestine?

Phase III of migrating myoelectric complexes Signup and view all the answers

Which physiological process does vomiting involve?

Peristaltic contractions from intestine to stomach Signup and view all the answers

What is NOT a characteristic event during vomiting?

Opening of glottis Signup and view all the answers

What happens to feces in the large intestine?

They are destined for excretion. Signup and view all the answers