Anesthesiology VV - ARDS Overview
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Questions and Answers

Which of the following correctly describes the effects of Digoxin concerning renal impairment?

  • It has no effect regardless of renal function.
  • It could accumulate in renal impairment. (correct)
  • It should be increased in renal impairment.
  • It is contraindicated in renal impairment.

    • What is the primary action of Dalteparin in the context of coagulation?

  • It acts primarily on platelets.
  • It inactivates thrombin exclusively.
  • It acts mainly on factor Xa. (correct)
  • It acts only on factor IIa.

    • For which of the following conditions is Labetalol NOT indicated?

  • Preventing bronchospasms.
  • Managing hypertension in pre-eclampsia.
  • Controlling blood pressure in acute situations.
  • As a first-line treatment for atrial fibrillation. (correct)

    • What is the most common adverse effect associated with Dantrolene?

    <p>Diarrhea.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following statements about the administration of Potassium during acute Digoxin intoxication is correct?

    <p>Potassium administration can help stabilize cardiac function.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which patient condition indicates the use of Dantrolene?

    <p>Malignant hyperthermia.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a significant consideration when using Labetalol for blood pressure control?

    <p>Route of administration affects beta and alpha receptor actions.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following statements about Dalteparin is inaccurate?

    <p>It has a longer duration of action when administered by oral route.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following statements about Dobutamine is correct?

    <p>Dobutamine is metabolized primarily by COMT.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which condition is contraindicated for the use of Lepirudin?

    <p>Pregnancy and lactation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a significant adverse effect of Mannitol?

    <p>Crystallization at low temperatures</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which statement about Diazepam is true?

    <p>Diazepam acts as an agonist on GABA-A receptors.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a correct statement about Aminophylline?

    <p>It acts as an agonist on beta-2 receptors.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a major characteristic of Leupirudin's mechanism of action?

    <p>It is a direct irreversible thrombin activator.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In which situation is Mannitol indicated?

    <p>Acute renal failure</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following statements about Dobutamine and beta blockers is accurate?

    <p>Beta blockers could reduce the effects of Dobutamine.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the current ESC guidelines recommended algorithm for rule-in and rule-out of ACS-NSTEMI with high sensitivity cardiac troponins?

    <p>0-6 h</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following are differential diagnoses for ACS in the setting of acute chest pain?

    <p>All the above</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which is the recommended time for invasive evaluation with coronary angiography in established NSTEMI diagnosis?

    <p>As soon as possible</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following statements regarding haloperidol is incorrect?

    <p>It is a mild alpha blocker</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following statements about Vasopressin is correct?

    <p>It controls water excretion in kidneys by V1 receptors</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a correct statement regarding lidocaine?

    <p>It is classified as anti-arrhythmic agent Class IA</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which statement regarding aminophylline is incorrect?

    <p>It induces severe hypotension</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which statement regarding acetylcysteine is incorrect?

    <p>It can be administered only intravenously</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Anesthesiology VV - ARDS

    • ARDS timing: within 2 weeks of a known clinical insult (1 week)
    • Abdominal sepsis can be a cause of ARDS (true)
    • Tidal volume adjustment: based on patient weight (5ml/kg) is true
    • ARDS includes lung edema and increased permeability of alveolar capillary membrane (true)
    • COVID-19 pneumonia pathophysiology is somewhat similar to ARDS, but not identical (false)
    • ARDS reduces respiratory system compliance (true)
    • Lung edema due to increased capillary hydrostatic pressure is generally not a feature of ARDS (true)
    • Prone position:
      • Not effective only in COVID-19 pneumonia (false)
      • Not typically considered for PaO2/FiO2 values > 150 mmHg (false)
      • Can often improve hypoxemia, though mechanism isn't fully understood (true)
      • Widely used worldwide (true)
      • Redistributes lung densities toward dependent lung regions (true)
    • PEЕР application in severe ARDS:
      • Always indicated (generally, but specifics depend on the patient) (true)
      • Dependent on lung density distribution (true)
      • Should ideally be based on potential for lung recruitment (true)
      • Should not exceed 10cmH2O (false)
      • May correct hypoxemia by reducing right-to-left shunting (true)

    Acid-base Equilibrium

    • Stewart's approach: pH is independently regulated by pCO2, A-, and SID (false. pCO2, strong acids/bases, and SID are related)
    • SID (strong ion difference) is the difference between strong cations and strong anions (true)
    • Hypoalbuminemia doesn't cause metabolic acidosis. Instead, it can cause metabolic alkalosis. (false)
    • Saline solution per se can lead to hyperchloremic metabolic acidosis (true)
    • Chloride excretion is higher in respiratory acidosis. (false)
    • Chloride excretion may increase to compensate for increased bicarbonate reabsorption (true)
    • pH is independent of volatile acids, PCO2, and bicarbonate. (false. It is inter-dependent)
    • SID is equal to the difference between anions and cations (false)
    • High pCO2 alone doesn't decrease bicarbonate (false. Increases it to compensate)
    • Ketoacidosis is not due to increased chloride. (false)
    • In respiratory acidosis: increased PaCO2 leads to increased bicarbonate to compensate
    • Kidneys increase chloride excretion in chronic respiratory acidosis. (true)
    • pH is not generally higher than 7.45 (false)

    Potassium Metabolism and Balance

    • Daily potassium requirement is about 2-4 mmol/kg (true)
    • Plasma K+ level > 5.5 mmol/L may not always show ECG alterations (false)
    • K+ supplementation in DKA patients should start only when K+ concentration is > 3.5 mmol/L (false)
    • Rhabdomyolysis is associated with severe hyperkalemia (true)

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    Description

    Test your knowledge on Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome (ARDS) in the context of anesthesiology. This quiz covers factors such as timing, causes, and management strategies including prone positioning and respiratory compliance. It's essential for medical professionals dealing with critical care cases.

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