Podcast
Questions and Answers
During an intubation, an anesthesiologist is having difficulty visualizing the vocal cords. Which of the following devices would be MOST helpful in facilitating endotracheal tube placement?
During an intubation, an anesthesiologist is having difficulty visualizing the vocal cords. Which of the following devices would be MOST helpful in facilitating endotracheal tube placement?
An anesthesia provider is preparing for a rapid sequence intubation. Which combination of equipment would be BEST to have immediately available to confirm proper endotracheal tube placement?
An anesthesia provider is preparing for a rapid sequence intubation. Which combination of equipment would be BEST to have immediately available to confirm proper endotracheal tube placement?
A patient undergoing anesthesia experiences a sudden drop in blood pressure and shows signs of bradycardia. From the standard emergency medication supply, which medication would be MOST appropriate to administer initially?
A patient undergoing anesthesia experiences a sudden drop in blood pressure and shows signs of bradycardia. From the standard emergency medication supply, which medication would be MOST appropriate to administer initially?
During a prolonged surgical procedure, the anesthesia ventilator malfunctions. What is the MOST appropriate immediate step to maintain the patient's oxygenation and ventilation?
During a prolonged surgical procedure, the anesthesia ventilator malfunctions. What is the MOST appropriate immediate step to maintain the patient's oxygenation and ventilation?
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An anesthesiologist is preparing to intubate a patient with a known difficult airway. What combination of airway equipment would be MOST appropriate to have readily available?
An anesthesiologist is preparing to intubate a patient with a known difficult airway. What combination of airway equipment would be MOST appropriate to have readily available?
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A patient with a known opioid dependency is brought to the emergency room exhibiting signs of an overdose. Which medication from the provided list is MOST appropriate to administer FIRST?
A patient with a known opioid dependency is brought to the emergency room exhibiting signs of an overdose. Which medication from the provided list is MOST appropriate to administer FIRST?
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A patient experiences a severe allergic reaction with bronchospasm and hypotension following the administration of an anesthetic. Which combination of medications from the list would be MOST crucial to administer immediately?
A patient experiences a severe allergic reaction with bronchospasm and hypotension following the administration of an anesthetic. Which combination of medications from the list would be MOST crucial to administer immediately?
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During a prolonged surgical procedure using local anesthetics, a patient begins to exhibit signs of central nervous system toxicity (e.g., seizures) followed by cardiovascular collapse. Which of the following is the MOST appropriate initial intervention?
During a prolonged surgical procedure using local anesthetics, a patient begins to exhibit signs of central nervous system toxicity (e.g., seizures) followed by cardiovascular collapse. Which of the following is the MOST appropriate initial intervention?
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A child is experiencing severe respiratory distress secondary to bronchospasm. The first dose of nebulized albuterol has provided minimal relief. Which medication and delivery method from the provided list should be considered NEXT?
A child is experiencing severe respiratory distress secondary to bronchospasm. The first dose of nebulized albuterol has provided minimal relief. Which medication and delivery method from the provided list should be considered NEXT?
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A patient with a history of malignant hyperthermia is undergoing general anesthesia. Despite prophylactic measures, the patient develops signs of increased end-tidal CO2, muscle rigidity, and tachycardia. Which of the following medications is MOST critical to administer?
A patient with a history of malignant hyperthermia is undergoing general anesthesia. Despite prophylactic measures, the patient develops signs of increased end-tidal CO2, muscle rigidity, and tachycardia. Which of the following medications is MOST critical to administer?
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Why is it important to have pediatric-sized oxygen masks and BP cuffs readily available in a pediatric emergency setting?
Why is it important to have pediatric-sized oxygen masks and BP cuffs readily available in a pediatric emergency setting?
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In the context of a Malignant Hyperthermia (MH) management kit, what is the rationale for including 12 vials of dantrolene (20 mg per vial)?
In the context of a Malignant Hyperthermia (MH) management kit, what is the rationale for including 12 vials of dantrolene (20 mg per vial)?
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Why does the Malignant Hyperthermia management kit include both calcium chloride and sodium bicarbonate?
Why does the Malignant Hyperthermia management kit include both calcium chloride and sodium bicarbonate?
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What is the primary purpose of having arterial and central venous catheter (CVC) sets within the Malignant Hyperthermia management kit?
What is the primary purpose of having arterial and central venous catheter (CVC) sets within the Malignant Hyperthermia management kit?
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Why is a fridge pack containing cold $0.9%$ sodium chloride and short-acting insulin included in the Malignant Hyperthermia management kit?
Why is a fridge pack containing cold $0.9%$ sodium chloride and short-acting insulin included in the Malignant Hyperthermia management kit?
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Flashcards
Anesthetic Machine
Anesthetic Machine
A device that delivers a mixture of anesthetic gases and oxygen for patients undergoing surgery.
Pulse Oximeter
Pulse Oximeter
A monitor that measures the oxygen saturation level of a patient's blood.
Defibrillator
Defibrillator
A device used to restore a normal heartbeat by sending an electric pulse to the heart.
Laryngoscope
Laryngoscope
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ET Tubes
ET Tubes
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Morphine
Morphine
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Naloxone
Naloxone
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Sodium bicarbonate
Sodium bicarbonate
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Epinephrine
Epinephrine
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IV Cannula
IV Cannula
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Pediatric Non-Rebreather Mask
Pediatric Non-Rebreather Mask
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Malignant Hyperthermia Kit
Malignant Hyperthermia Kit
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Dantrolene
Dantrolene
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Intravenous Infusion Pump
Intravenous Infusion Pump
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Butterfly Needle
Butterfly Needle
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Study Notes
Intraoperative Anesthesia Equipment
- Students will be able to list basic anesthesia intraoperative equipment, intraoperative care equipment, and emergency cart equipment after this session.
Definition of Anesthesia
- Image of a syringe in a gloved hand.
Instruments Used in Anesthesia
- Anaesthetic machine
- Anaesthetic vaporizers
- Anaesthetic breathing system
- Ventilator
- Defibrillator
- Pulse oximeter
- Oxygen mask
- Nasal oxygen set
- Artificial resuscitator/Bag valve mask
- Guedel airway
- Laryngeal mask airway/L.M.A
- Laryngoscope
Optical Stylets
- Diagram depicting an optical stylet.
- Includes eyepiece, oxygen port, atraumatic tip, and light source.
- Also mentions Bonfils.
Video-Assisted Laryngoscope
- Bronchoscope is used to view airways and check for abnormalities.
- The Supraglottic Airway Device is discussed in the context of emergent settings.
- Images and diagrams are provided.
Emergency Cart Equipment
- Defibrillator
- Breathing equipment/air supplies
- Emergency drugs
- IV supplies and tubing
Additional Supplies
- Defibrillator gel pads (2)
- Monitor paper in printer, as appropriate
- Self-inflating bag-valve-mask
- Emergency oxygen tanks (2) with regulator and nipple attached
- Portable battery-operated suction with Yankauer attached
- Stethoscope
- Gloves
Suction Machine
- Image of a suction machine.
- Includes 3M Defib Pads for defibrillation.
- Pictures of various related items.
Airway Equipment
- Stylettes (2)
- Laryngoscope handles (2)
- Laryngoscope blades #3 curved and #4 curved
- Laryngoscope bulb (1) (as appropriate)
- Extra batteries for laryngoscope handle
- ET tubes sizes 6, 6.5, 7, 7.5, 8, 8.5
- Rescue airways (e.g., supraglottic airway - King Systems sizes 3, 4 and 5 or classic LMA sizes 3, 4 and 5)
- Oral airways sizes 8 cm, 9 cm, 10 cm (1 each)
Airway Equipment (Continued)
- Images depicting various airway equipment
- Includes components such as Lidocaine spray, Lidocaine jelly, ETT ties/tape, syringe, Magill forceps, CO2 detector, Yankauer suction, and deep suction catheters -Additional information and tools for airway management
Medications
- Medications are present in sufficient quantities for emergency care as outlined in ACLS algorithms.
- Includes Adenosine, Amiodarone, Antihypertensive (e.g hydralazine or nifedipine), ASA- non-enteric coated, Atropine, Beta-blocker (metoprolol, propranolol, esmolol) and Dextrose 50%.
Medications (Continued)
- Includes Morphine, Naloxone, Nitroglycerin spray, Phenylephrine, Salbutamol puffer with spacer, Sodium bicarbonate, Sodium dantrolene (36 vials), Succinylcholine, Vasopressin, Verapamil, Diphenhydramine, Ephedrine, Epinephrine, Flumazenil, Furosemide, Hydrocortisone, Labetalol, Lidocaine, Midazolam, and lipid emulsion (with bupivacaine or ropivacaine).
IV and Medication Preparation Equipment
- Small transparent dressings
- 2x2 gauze
- IV tubing (2 sets)
- Normal saline 500 ml (2) and 1,000 ml (1)
- D5W 250 ml (1)
- Tape
- Razors (2)
- Medication labels
- Minibags 50 cc and 100 cc
- NS 10 ml vials (5)
- Artificial colloid (1 bag)
- Tourniquet
- Alcohol swabs
- Syringes 10 ml (4)
- Syringes 3 ml with needle (3)
- Needles (various sizes)
- IV cannula sizes 18-22G (2 of each size).
Additional Supplies (Continued)
- Glucometer
- Sterile gloves
- Scissors
- Pen light
- Sharps container
- Emergency cuffed cricothyrotomy set (appropriate size)
- Pressure bag (1)
- Non-rebreather oxygen mask (2)
- Simple oxygen mask (2)
Pediatric Supplies
- Pediatric laryngoscope handle (2)
- Pediatric laryngoscope blades (Mac size 1 and 2)
- Laryngoscope bulb (1)
- Extra batteries for laryngoscope handle
- ET tubes (sizes 4.0, 4.5, 5.0, 5.5, cuffed and uncuffed)
- Rescue airways (classic LMA sizes 1.5, 2.0, 2.5)
- Oral airways (sizes 60 mm, 70 mm, and 80 mm)
- Pediatric Magill forceps
Pediatric Supplies (Continued)
- Pediatric non-rebreather oxygen masks (appropriate sizes)
- Jackson-Reese T-Piece device
- Pediatric simple oxygen masks (appropriate sizes)
- Intraosseous needles (sizes 16G and 18G)
- Intravenous infusion pump
- IV cannula tubing (2 sets)
- IV cannula sizes (24G (2) and 22G (2))
- Butterfly needles (sizes 19-25G)
- Arm boards
- Gastric tubes (sizes 10F and 12F)
- BP apparatus and cuffs (appropriate sizes)
Recommended Contents of Malignant Hyperthermia Management Kit
- Compartment 1: Dantrolene (100 mL vials of sterile water for injection, 12 vials of dantrolene (20 mg/vial), 10 x 50 mL syringes), guideline for management of crisis and task allocations, and details of location of reserve dantrolene supplies.
- Compartment 2: Treatment (Calcium chloride 10%, Sodium bicarbonate (50 mL 8.4% syringe), Amiodarone 300mg, Beta Blockers, Glucose (20%), and 50ml propofol vials/prefilled syringes for Total intravenous anesthesia (TIVA)).
Recommended Contents of Malignant Hyperthermia Management Kit (Continued)
- Compartment 3: Investigation/Monitoring (ABG and FBC blood count, coagulation, biochemistry, urine sample bottles, group & save and crossmatch, arterial cannulae and transducer sets, central venous catheter (CVC) and transducer sets.)
Components of an IBP Measuring System
- Pressure bag
- Pressure transducer & automatic flushing system
- Arterial line
- Saline-filled non-compressible tubing
- Saline bag
- Connection to patient
- Pressure transducer
- IV fluid line
- Nipple valve
- External patient line
Recommended Contents of Malignant Hyperthermia Management Kit (Continued)
- Fridge pack (2 liters of cold sodium chloride 0.9% for IV administration, Short-acting insulin), detailed components of AAGBI Sample MH Kit in different compartments, including Dantrolene, Treatment, Investigations etc.
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Description
Assesses knowledge of anesthesia equipment, difficult airway management, and drug administration. Includes troubleshooting ventilation and confirming endotracheal tube placement. Focuses on appropriate responses to emergency scenarios during anesthesia.
