Anesthesia for C-Sections in Small Animals

<p>Use drugs with a short duration of action</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>To maintain proper ventilation</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>To reduce the need for analgesia</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Tilt off midline</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Arterial blood pressure (ABP)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Administer fluids</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>To provide analgesia</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Cephalic vein</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Blood pressure, end-tidal CO2, and oxygen saturation</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>10-20 ml/kg/hr</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>At the end of the procedure</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Suction with a bulb syringe</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>To create an area of anesthesia away from the incision site</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>T13 and L1</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>18 gauge</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>To facilitate proper needle placement of anesthetic</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Transverse ligament</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>6 to 8 mL</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Wide and uniform area of analgesia and muscle relaxation</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Increased difficulty in identifying landmarks in obese and heavily muscled animals</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>All of the above</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Proximal paravertebral block</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>6 to 8 mL</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Depth similar to the injection site for T13</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>To desensitize the dorsal branches of the nerves</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Causes scoliosis of the spine toward the desensitized side</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Delayed GI emptying, increased gastrin levels, and lower pH of gastric fluid.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Choose drugs with a short duration of action, use the lowest possible dose, and provide opioids to the dam.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Increase head intubation, inflate the ET cuff, keep the head elevated, and position the dam carefully to reduce regurgitation and CVC compression.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The advantages of the inverted L block include simplicity of performance, minimal interference with ambulation, and reduced incisional edema and hematoma. The disadvantages include incomplete analgesia and muscle relaxation, possible toxicity with larger doses of anesthetic, and increased cost due to larger doses of local anesthetic.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The steps involved in performing a proximal paravertebral nerve block in ruminants include desensitizing the skin at the cranial edges of the transverse processes of L1, L2, and L3, inserting a cannula or guide needle, desensitizing T13 and the ventral branch, infusing local anesthetic to desensitize the dorsal branch, and desensitizing L1 and L2 by inserting the needle caudal to their transverse processes.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The recommended methods for clearing away membranes and fluid from the mouth and nose of a newborn puppy or kitten include suction, cotton buds, bulb syringe, vigorous rubbing, swinging, and mouth-to-mouth resuscitation if needed.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Advantages of the proximal paravertebral nerve block include small doses of anesthetic, wide and uniform area of analgesia and muscle relaxation, decreased intra-abdominal pressure, and absence of local anesthetic at the margins of the surgical site.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Evidence of a successful proximal paravertebral nerve block includes increased temperature of the skin; analgesia of the skin, muscles, and peritoneum of the abdominal wall of the paralumbar fossa; and scoliosis of the spine toward the desensitized side.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Disadvantages of the proximal paravertebral nerve block include scoliosis of the spine, which may make closure of the incision more difficult; difficulty in identifying landmarks in obese and heavily muscled animals; and more skill or practice required for consistent results.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The needle is walked off the caudal edges of the transverse processes of L1 and L2, at a depth similar to the injection site for T13, and advanced approximately 1 cm to pass slightly ventral to the process and into the transverse ligament.</p> Signup and view all the answers