Anemia Nursing Care Management Flashcards

Podcast

Play an AI-generated podcast conversation about this lesson

Questions and Answers

What is the goal of anemia therapy?

Correcting the cause of the anemia.

Which of the following are acute interventions for anemia management? (Select all that apply)

Vitamin supplements (correct)

Oxygen therapy (correct)

Blood transfusions (correct)

Drug therapy (correct)

What are the primary causes of anemia?

Blood loss

Low RBC production

High RBC destruction

All of the above (correct)

What are some clinical manifestations of anemia?

Fatigue, dyspnea, syncope, angina, compensatory tachycardia. Signup and view all the answers

What findings may indicate chronic anemia?

Tachycardia, jaundice, hepatosplenomegaly. Signup and view all the answers

Fatigue is a nursing assessment finding associated with anemia.

True Signup and view all the answers

What is a nursing diagnosis related to anemia?

Fatigue related to inadequate oxygenation of the blood. Signup and view all the answers

What are some overall goals of anemia management?

All of the above Signup and view all the answers

What dietary changes may help manage anemia?

Increase iron intake through nutrition. Signup and view all the answers

Anemia is a normal finding in older adults.

False Signup and view all the answers

What is iron deficiency anemia?

The most common form of anemia due to inadequate dietary intake, malabsorption, blood loss, or hemolysis. Signup and view all the answers

Which diagnostic studies are used for iron deficiency anemia?

All of the above Signup and view all the answers

What oral iron supplements are commonly used to treat anemia?

Ferrous sulfate or ferrous gluconate. Signup and view all the answers

What is a recommended practice for taking oral iron supplements?

1 hour before meals Signup and view all the answers

What happens to blood levels after acute blood loss due to trauma?

RBC, hemoglobin, and hematocrit levels are low. Signup and view all the answers

What are the focuses of interprofessional care for acute blood loss?

Replacing blood volume and identifying the source of hemorrhage. Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Anemia Management Overview

Goal of anemia therapy focuses on correcting the underlying cause of the anemia.
Effective management requires understanding acute interventions and possible therapeutic approaches.

Acute Interventions in Anemia Management

Blood transfusions and RBC replacement are critical in emergency situations.
Medications include erythropoietin and vitamin supplements to boost RBC production.
Oxygen therapy stabilizes patients experiencing shortness of breath.
Teaching includes dietary and lifestyle modifications to reverse some anemia types.
Assess patient’s knowledge regarding nutrition and safety to prevent complications.

Causes of Anemia

Anemia arises from blood loss, inadequate RBC production, or increased RBC destruction.

Clinical Manifestations of Anemia

Symptoms indicate tissue hypoxia: fatigue, dyspnea, syncope, angina, and compensatory tachycardia.
Severity correlates with hemoglobin levels:
- 10-12 g/dL indicates mild anemia with dyspnea and fatigue.
- 6-10 g/dL suggests moderate anemia, symptoms persist at rest.
- Below 6 g/dL indicates severe anemia, chronic signs may appear in multiple organs.

Nursing Assessment for Anemia

Key indicators include fatigue, pallor, low hemoglobin and hematocrit levels, and poor nutritional intake.
Chronic symptoms may involve tachycardia, jaundice, hepatosplenomegaly, nausea, and bone pain.
Diagnostic findings typically involve ↓ RBC, ↓ Hgb, and possible abnormalities in iron and vitamin levels.

Fatigue due to inadequate oxygenation.
Imbalanced nutrition related to insufficient dietary intake.
Ineffective health management attributed to lack of knowledge on nutrition and medication.

Planning Goals for Anemia Patients

Aim for patients to perform normal daily activities.
Ensure adequate nutrition and prevention of complications.

Nursing Implementation in Anemia Management

Administer blood or blood products as required.
Provide necessary drug therapies and volume replacements.
Educate patients on dietary changes, lifestyle modifications, and the importance of compliance for safety.

Considerations for Older Adults

Anemia is not a normal aspect of aging, though a slight decrease in hemoglobin levels may occur.

Iron Deficiency Anemia Key Facts

Most prevalent form of anemia; leading nutritional deficiency globally.
Causes include inadequate dietary intake, malabsorption, blood loss, and hemolysis.

Diagnostic Studies for Iron Deficiency Anemia

Fecal occult blood test (FOBT) assesses for GI bleeding linked to iron deficiency.
Imaging like endoscopy and colonoscopy may be necessary.
Lab findings to expect: decreased hemoglobin and hematocrit, reduced serum iron, and ferritin levels.

Management of Iron Deficiency Anemia

Identifying and treating the underlying cause is crucial.
Drug therapy includes oral iron supplements (ferrous sulfate, ferrous gluconate) and IV iron preparations.
Nutritional therapy and packed RBC transfusions serve as additional interventions.

Iron Sulfate Administration

Monitor for allergic reactions with IV iron preparations.
Oral iron should be taken before meals for optimal absorption; Vitamin C can enhance absorption.

Anemia Due to Blood Loss

Acute blood loss results from sudden hemorrhage due to trauma, disease, or surgical interventions.
Blood levels may remain low post-trauma, reflecting the degree of loss.

Interprofessional Care for Acute Blood Loss

Focus on blood volume replacement to avert shock and identifying hemorrhage source to halt blood loss.
IV fluids include solutions like dextran, hetastarch, albumin, and lactated Ringer's as emergent treatments.

Studying That Suits You

Use AI to generate personalized quizzes and flashcards to suit your learning preferences.

Description

These flashcards cover essential concepts in the nursing care management of anemia. Learn about the goals of anemia therapy and acute interventions, including transfusions and drug therapies. Perfect for nursing students and professionals preparing for exams or seeking to enhance their knowledge in anemia care.