Anemia and Its Management

Questions and Answers

What additional information should the nurse include in the client's teaching plan for iron deficiency anemia?

If constipation or diarrhea become severe, call your primary care provider.

What is the probable diagnosis for a male client prescribed interferon?

Viral hepatitis.

Which drug would the nurse administer for erythropoiesis-stimulating?

Epoetin alfa.

What indicates that a patient understands the therapy for pernicious anemia with hydroxocobalamin?

I will need these injections monthly for the rest of my life. Signup and view all the answers

What inability of the kidneys causes anemia in chronic renal failure?

Produce erythropoietin. Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary issue associated with anemias?

Ineffective red blood cells. Signup and view all the answers

What would be the priority nursing diagnosis for a patient prescribed epoetin alfa?

Impaired tissue oxygenation related to anemia. Signup and view all the answers

Which patient should the nurse assess first?

The patient with a decreased WBC count. Signup and view all the answers

What routes can a hematopoietic agent be administered?

Subcutaneous or intravenous. Signup and view all the answers

What should the nurse confirm about a client with chronic renal failure and epoetin alfa regarding additional needs?

Iron. Signup and view all the answers

What drug is anticipated for a patient with chronic renal failure to increase red blood cell production?

Epoetin alfa. Signup and view all the answers

What supplement should be received prior to surgery for a patient with chronic renal failure receiving epoetin alfa?

An iron supplement. Signup and view all the answers

For what disorder does the nurse suspect treatment if a client received a dose of interferon alpha-2b?

Chronic hepatitis C. Signup and view all the answers

What critical issue should students identify after learning about anemias?

Altered red blood cell production or deficient functioning of red blood cells. Signup and view all the answers

What action does oral iron administration take to treat anemia?

Iron acts by elevating the serum iron concentration to replenish hemoglobin. Signup and view all the answers

What treatment would be prescribed for a patient reporting new-onset fatigue while receiving epoetin alfa?

Iron supplements. Signup and view all the answers

What likely medication prescription should the nurse anticipate for an older adult client with chronic renal failure experiencing increasing fatigue?

Epoetin alfa. Signup and view all the answers

What additional information should the nurse give to a 65-year-old woman with anemia secondary to chronic kidney disease being prescribed Epogen?

Chronic kidney disease slows the production of red blood cells. Signup and view all the answers

The mature red blood cell contains a nucleus.

False Signup and view all the answers

Which patient will be at the greatest risk for anemia and most likely candidate for epoetin alfa therapy?

A 62-year-old male with cancer. Signup and view all the answers

What assessment datum should the nurse pay particular attention to when monitoring a client receiving epoetin alfa?

Blood pressure. Signup and view all the answers

There is a risk of antibody production with the use of epoetin.

True Signup and view all the answers

For what purpose would the nurse administer postoperative epoetin alfa to a Jehovah's Witness client?

Reduce the need for allogenic blood transfusion. Signup and view all the answers

What adverse effect should the oncology nurse monitor for after administering interferon alfa-2b?

Flulike symptoms. Signup and view all the answers

What is appropriate guidance for a client receiving iron therapy?

Cautioning the client that stool may be dark or green. Signup and view all the answers

What is an example of a hemolytic anemia?

Sickle cell anemia. Signup and view all the answers

What statement indicates success of the initial health education concerning self-injection for a client starting epoetin in chronic renal failure?

I'm not all that comfortable with giving myself an injection, but I'm sure I'll be able to learn. Signup and view all the answers

What symptom, if observed after administering epoetin alfa, would be a cause for alarm?

The patient displays weakness on one side of the body. Signup and view all the answers

What assessment finding is attributable to the increased effect of erythropoietin? Select all that apply.

Increased hemoglobin Signup and view all the answers

All hematopoietic and immune blood cells are derived from which cells?

Stem cells. Signup and view all the answers

What action is necessitated by a hemoglobin level of 12.8 g/dL while on epoetin alfa?

Temporarily withholding administration. Signup and view all the answers

What should the nurse monitor for a patient with HIV-related anemia receiving epoetin alfa?

Iron levels. Signup and view all the answers

What assessment finding would indicate effective treatment after 4 weeks of epoetin alfa?

The patient's hemoglobin level is 11 g/dL. Signup and view all the answers

What statement indicates the need for additional teaching for a client on ferrous sulfate?

I need to take an antacid with the pill to prevent an upset stomach. Signup and view all the answers

What function should be included when describing vitamin B12?

Maintenance of myelin sheath. Signup and view all the answers

How soon can ferrous sulfate be expected to act?

4 days. Signup and view all the answers

What condition should the nurse address before administering epoetin alfa to a patient with multiple comorbidities?

Uncontrolled hypertension. Signup and view all the answers

Which laboratory values should be assessed for a patient with COPD that indicates erythropoietin has been secreted?

Hemoglobin, red blood cells. Signup and view all the answers

What finding would be of greatest concern for a nurse caring for a patient with chronic kidney disease on epoetin alfa?

Reports of calf pain on dorsiflexion of the foot. Signup and view all the answers

What symptoms might indicate a patient with chronic renal failure is experiencing?

Anemia. Signup and view all the answers

Which nursing diagnosis would indicate the need for epoetin alfa in a renal failure client?

Activity intolerance related to decreased oxygen-carrying capacity. Signup and view all the answers

How should a client prescribed oral ferrous sulfate solution take the drug?

I should drink the solution through a straw so my teeth don't get stained. Signup and view all the answers

What percentage of the body's red blood cells (RBCs) is destroyed and replaced each day?

1%. Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Iron Deficiency Anemia

Clients should be informed that severe constipation or diarrhea from iron supplements warrants contacting a healthcare provider.
Oral iron supplementation increases serum iron levels to replenish hemoglobin.

Interferon Therapy

Interferon is commonly prescribed for viral hepatitis, specifically chronic hepatitis C.
Side effects may include flu-like symptoms.

Erythropoiesis-Stimulating Agents

Epoetin alfa is the primary drug administered to stimulate red blood cell production in patients with anemia.
Patients with chronic renal failure often require epoetin alfa due to the kidneys' inability to produce erythropoietin.

Patient Education and Monitoring

Patients on hydroxocobalamin for pernicious anemia must understand the need for lifelong monthly injections.
Key nursing diagnoses include impaired tissue oxygenation related to anemia.
Monitor vital signs, particularly blood pressure, in patients receiving epoetin alfa.

Anemia Mechanisms

Chronic renal failure leads to anemia due to the kidneys' failure to produce erythropoietin.
Anemia can be caused by ineffective red blood cell production or defects in red blood cell function.
Hemolytic anemia can be exemplified by conditions like sickle cell anemia.

Medication Administration Routes

Hematopoietic agents can be administered subcutaneously or intravenously.
Ensure proper education for patients self-administering injections, focusing on comfort with the technique.

Treatment Complications

Epoetin therapy can lead to antibody production, increased blood pressure, and, in rare cases, myocardial infarction.
Assess for new-onset fatigue in patients receiving epoetin alfa and consider iron supplementation if indicated.

Iron Supplementation

Iron therapy may cause stool discoloration; clients should be advised accordingly.
Clients should avoid taking antacids simultaneously with iron supplements to prevent reducing absorption.

B12 and Anemia Symptoms

Vitamin B12 is crucial for maintaining the myelin sheath around nerves.
Neurologic symptoms, such as peripheral numbness and confusion, are associated with pernicious anemia.

Anemia Prevalence in Certain Populations

Older adults, cancer patients, and individuals with chronic kidney disease are at a higher risk of developing anemia.
Continuous assessment and education are vital, particularly in managing symptoms and understanding treatment options like epoetin alfa.

Laboratory Assessments

Hemoglobin and red blood cell counts are critical indicators that the kidneys secrete erythropoietin.
Normal red blood cell turnover is approximately 1% per day.

Studying That Suits You

Use AI to generate personalized quizzes and flashcards to suit your learning preferences.

Description

This quiz covers essential information about various types of anemia, including iron deficiency and pernicious anemia. It addresses treatment options, side effects of medications, and the importance of patient education and monitoring. Test your knowledge on anemia care and management strategies.