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Questions and Answers
What is the primary purpose of iron supplements?
What is the primary purpose of iron supplements?
Which of the following is an important monitoring parameter when using erythropoiesis-stimulating agents?
Which of the following is an important monitoring parameter when using erythropoiesis-stimulating agents?
Why should liquid iron preparations be diluted and given with a straw?
Why should liquid iron preparations be diluted and given with a straw?
What is a significant side effect associated with iron supplements?
What is a significant side effect associated with iron supplements?
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Which agent is used specifically for treating pernicious anemia?
Which agent is used specifically for treating pernicious anemia?
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What is the role of folic acid in the treatment of megaloblastic anemia?
What is the role of folic acid in the treatment of megaloblastic anemia?
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Which monitoring parameter is crucial when initiating treatment with cyanocobalamin?
Which monitoring parameter is crucial when initiating treatment with cyanocobalamin?
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What are potential risks associated with erythropoiesis-stimulating agents?
What are potential risks associated with erythropoiesis-stimulating agents?
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Why is it necessary to monitor hemoglobin levels in patients receiving iron supplements?
Why is it necessary to monitor hemoglobin levels in patients receiving iron supplements?
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What is a recommended method to prevent staining of teeth when administering liquid iron supplements?
What is a recommended method to prevent staining of teeth when administering liquid iron supplements?
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Study Notes
Iron Supplements
- Correct RBC abnormalities caused by iron deficiency.
- Do not stimulate RBC production (erythropoiesis).
- Monitor hemoglobin and reticulocyte counts.
- Dilute liquid preparations thoroughly to avoid staining teeth.
- Administer liquid preparations using a straw or dropper to the back of the tongue.
- Advise patients of potential side effects, including black or dark green stools and constipation.
Anti-anemic Agents
- Folic acid (vitamin B9) stimulates production of RBCs, WBCs, and platelets in patients with megaloblastic anemia.
- Vitamin B12 (cyanocobalamin) is necessary for the production of RBCs and used to treat vitamin B12 deficiency and pernicious anemia.
- Monitor CBC with reticulocyte count, vitamin B12, and serum folate levels.
- Monitor serum potassium for 48 hours following initiation of cyanocobalamin treatment.
- Monitor for signs and symptoms of pulmonary edema, especially in patients with cardiovascular disease.
Erythropoiesis-Stimulating Agents
- Stimulate the production and release of reticulocytes (immature RBCs) from the bone marrow.
- Monitor hemoglobin.
- Inform patients of increased risks of mortality, serious cardiovascular reactions, development of thromboembolism, and stroke.
- Monitor blood pressure.
- Monitor neurologic status.
- Instruct patients who self-administer medication on the importance of proper use and disposal of syringes and full containers.
Iron Supplements
- Iron supplements provide additional iron to correct RBC abnormalities caused by iron deficiency.
- Examples of Iron supplements include:
- ferrous fumarate (Femiron, Ferrocite, Hemocyte)
- ferrous gluconate (Ferate, Fergon, Ferrotabs)
- ferrous sulfate (Feosol, Fer-In-Sol, Slow Fe)
- To avoid staining teeth, thoroughly dilute liquid iron preparations and administer by using a straw or a dropper to apply medication to the back of the tongue.
- Advise patients of potential side effects, including black or dark green stools and constipation.
- Monitor hemoglobin and reticulocyte counts.
Anti-anemic Agents
- Antianemic agents are used to treat anemia by stimulating the production of red blood cells, white blood cells, and platelets.
- Examples of anti-anemic agents include:
- folic acid (vitamin B9 or folate) (Folvite)
- vitamin B12 (cyanocobalamin) (Nascobal)
- Folic acid (vitamin B9 or folate) stimulates the production of RBCs, WBCs, and platelets in patients with megaloblastic anemia.
- Vitamin B12 (cyanocobalamin) is necessary for the production of RBCs and is used to treat vitamin B12 deficiency and pernicious anemia.
- Monitor CBC, reticulocyte count, vitamin B12, and serum folate levels.
- Monitor serum potassium for 48 hours following initiation of cyanocobalamin treatment.
- Monitor for signs and symptoms of pulmonary edema, especially in patients with cardiovascular disease.
Erythropoiesis-Stimulating Agents
- Erythropoiesis-stimulating agents stimulate the production and release of reticulocytes (immature RBCs) from the bone marrow.
- Examples of Erythropoiesis-Stimulating Agents include:
- darbepoetin alfa (Aranesp)
- epoetin alfa (Epogen, Procrit, Retacrit)
- methoxy polyethylene glycol-epoetin beta (Mircera)
- Monitor hemoglobin levels.
- Inform patients of increased risks of mortality, serious cardiovascular reactions, development of thromboembolism, and stroke.
- Monitor blood pressure.
- Monitor neurologic status.
- Instruct patients who self-administer medication on the importance of proper use and disposal of syringes and full containers.
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Description
Test your knowledge on iron supplements and anti-anemic agents like folic acid and vitamin B12. Understand their role in correcting RBC abnormalities and the importance of monitoring various blood counts. This quiz covers key information about the administration and side effects of these essential nutrients.
