18 Questions
What is the most common cause of bleeding following large volume transfusion?
Dilutional thrombocytopenia
At what rate of transfusion may citrate toxicity occur?
One unit/5 minutes
What is a complication of hypothermia?
Both A and B
What is a consequence of rapid and massive transfusion of whole blood?
Hyperkalemia
What is a common hematological complication of large volume transfusion?
Thrombocytopenia
What is a common pulmonary complication of transfusion?
Acute pulmonary insufficiency
What is the primary goal of treatment in massive blood loss?
Volume replacement
What is the effect of a temporary decrease in a patient's Hb and Ht?
The shift of fluid and proteins from the extravascular spaces into the vasculature
What is the role of 2,3 DPG in chronic anemia?
Favoring the release of oxygen in the tissue
What is the consequence of hemorrhage, especially if complicated by infection?
The release of biologic mediators
What is the indication for red blood cell transfusion?
Hb < 7 g/dl
What is often required to achieve hemostasis in massively transfused patients?
Administration of plasma products and platelets
What is the consequence of hemostatic dysfunction?
Damage to the endothelium
What is a consequence of massive transfusion?
Coagulopathy
What is a possible cause of hypocalcaemia in patients receiving massive transfusions?
Citrate in coagulant
What is a consequence of the acidic pH of stored blood?
Transfusion acidosis
What can be used to correct acid-base imbalance caused by massive transfusion?
Sodium bicarbonate
What happens to blood when it is stored for 3 weeks?
It becomes more acidic
This quiz covers the body's compensatory mechanisms in response to anemia, including changes in 2,3 DPG levels, fluid volume, and mediator release. Learn how the body adapts to anemia and its effects on hemoglobin and hematocrit levels.
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