Anemia and Body Response

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Questions and Answers

What is the most common cause of bleeding following large volume transfusion?

  • Citrate toxicity
  • Dilutional thrombocytopenia (correct)
  • Hyperkalemia
  • Hypothermia

At what rate of transfusion may citrate toxicity occur?

  • Three units/15 minutes
  • Two units/10 minutes
  • One unit/5 minutes (correct)
  • One unit/10 minutes

What is a complication of hypothermia?

  • Increased platelet sequestration
  • Decreased clotting factors activity
  • Both A and B (correct)
  • None of the above

What is a consequence of rapid and massive transfusion of whole blood?

<p>Hyperkalemia (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a common hematological complication of large volume transfusion?

<p>Thrombocytopenia (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a common pulmonary complication of transfusion?

<p>Acute pulmonary insufficiency (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary goal of treatment in massive blood loss?

<p>Volume replacement (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the effect of a temporary decrease in a patient's Hb and Ht?

<p>The shift of fluid and proteins from the extravascular spaces into the vasculature (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of 2,3 DPG in chronic anemia?

<p>Favoring the release of oxygen in the tissue (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the consequence of hemorrhage, especially if complicated by infection?

<p>The release of biologic mediators (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the indication for red blood cell transfusion?

<p>Hb &lt; 7 g/dl (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is often required to achieve hemostasis in massively transfused patients?

<p>Administration of plasma products and platelets (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the consequence of hemostatic dysfunction?

<p>Damage to the endothelium (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a consequence of massive transfusion?

<p>Coagulopathy (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a possible cause of hypocalcaemia in patients receiving massive transfusions?

<p>Citrate in coagulant (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a consequence of the acidic pH of stored blood?

<p>Transfusion acidosis (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What can be used to correct acid-base imbalance caused by massive transfusion?

<p>Sodium bicarbonate (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What happens to blood when it is stored for 3 weeks?

<p>It becomes more acidic (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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