Ancient Southwest Cultures and Legacies Quiz

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Questions and Answers

What is the most important legacy of the ancient cultures of the Southwest?

Their contributions to the world's food supply

The people themselves, living today (correct)

The mystery of their disappearance

Archaeological ruins and artifacts

What happened to the Anasazi, Hohokam, Mogollon, Salado, and Sinagua cultures?

They disappeared into thin air

They were conquered by other tribes

They were wiped out by disease

They moved, adapted, and changed as they chose or needed to (correct)

How many Federally recognized Indian tribes are there in the Southwest?

Around 50 (correct)

Only 1 or 2

Less than 20

Over 100

What is a major source of genetic diversity in crops?

Southwestern crops passed along since ancient times Signup and view all the answers

What is the approximate number of Native Americans living in the Southwest today?

Around 500,000 Signup and view all the answers

Why do tourists visit the Southwest in large numbers?

To visit the ancient ruins and archaeological attractions Signup and view all the answers

What do the Hopi people believe about their ancestors?

They remain as spiritual stewards of the land Signup and view all the answers

Why are ancient place names and legends important?

They enrich our landscapes and senses of place Signup and view all the answers

What is the origin of the name 'Tucson'?

It comes from an ancient Pima term Signup and view all the answers

What is the significance of the Hohokam culture in Phoenix?

It is the inspiration for the city's name Signup and view all the answers

How many place names and legends are there in the Southwest?

Thousands Signup and view all the answers

What is the impact of ancient peoples on modern philosophical and religious ideas?

They have contributed enormously Signup and view all the answers

What is a major attraction for tourists in the Southwest?

Archaeological attractions Signup and view all the answers

What is a characteristic of the designs on Mimbres Pottery?

Detailed and whimsical Signup and view all the answers

How many archaeological attractions are there in the Southwest?

Hundreds Signup and view all the answers

What role did Native Americans play in the colonization of the Southwest?

They were instrumental in aiding Spanish, Mexican, and American colonization Signup and view all the answers

What is the significance of ancient archaeological sites in the Southwest?

They have spiritual significance that transcends their informational value Signup and view all the answers

Why did the Hopi people migrate from their pueblos?

Due to human failures to lead morally responsible lives Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of the 'footprints' left behind by the Hopi clans?

To prove Hopi migrations Signup and view all the answers

What is the significance of the Mimbres potters' designs in contemporary Southwestern arts and crafts?

They are widely imitated and copied Signup and view all the answers

Who aided European colonizers in the expansion of their empires?

American Indian guides and labor Signup and view all the answers

What is the significance of the Pima of southern Arizona in the U.S. Army's military campaigns?

They provided wheat, water, labor, scouts, and guides Signup and view all the answers

What is the relationship between ancient Native Americans and European, Mexican, and American immigrants?

They supported, assisted, enabled, and generously gave to each other Signup and view all the answers

What is the significance of ancient archaeological sites in the Southwest for contemporary Native people?

They offer valuable lessons to contemporary Native people Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary purpose of the Department of Agriculture's efforts to grow Native Southwestern crops?

To create a genetic bank for improving or rescuing important foods Signup and view all the answers

What is one of the important contributions from the Southwest and greater Mesoamerican regions?

Tobacco, cotton, and chocolate Signup and view all the answers

According to Nelson Foster and Linda Cordell, what was the impact of New World crops on Old World eating?

They had a significant impact on Old World cuisine Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following crops was introduced to the Old World and is now a principal crop?

Potatoes Signup and view all the answers

What is a significant architectural influence on modern Southwestern life?

Prehistoric pueblo style Signup and view all the answers

What is one of the ways that corn has been used in various cuisines?

Eaten straight off the ear Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following crops is a dietary mainstay for people in the tropics and subtropics of Africa, Asia, and the South Pacific?

Sweet potatoes and manioc Signup and view all the answers

What is the significance of the American staples of potatoes, maize, sweet potatoes, and manioc?

They can be grown in adverse conditions Signup and view all the answers

What is the name of the book written by Alfred Crosby that discusses the impact of American crops on the world population?

The Columbian Exchange Signup and view all the answers

What is the name of the architectural style that owes a great deal to prehistoric pueblo style?

Spanish Mission style Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

The Legacy of Ancient Cultures in the Southwest

There is a misconception that the Anasazi and other ancient cultures in the Southwest disappeared, but in reality, they moved, adapted, and changed, leaving a legacy of cultural continuity.
The descendants of ancient cultures are still alive today, with over 50 federally recognized Indian tribes and more than 500,000 people living in the Southwest.

Contributions to Food and Cuisine

Native American crops, such as maize, beans, squash, and cotton, have been selectively bred for thousands of years, providing a genetic bank for modern crops.
These crops have contributed significantly to the world's food supply, with maize being one of the most important food crops globally.
The use of Native American crops has also helped to improve food security and provided a hedge against catastrophic crop failures due to disease or genetic mutation.

Art and Architecture

Ancient Southwestern architectural designs, such as Santa Fe Style pueblos and adobe structures, have inspired modern architecture.
Even European-derived styles, such as the "Spanish Mission" style, owe a great deal to prehistoric pueblo style.
Regional traditions of pottery, weaving, and jewelry have been heavily influenced by ancient design repertoires and technological traditions.

Cultural Exchange and Colonization

Ancient Native Americans played a significant role in the success of Spanish, Mexican, and American colonization of the region.
Native Americans provided food, labor, and guides to European colonizers, often at a great cost to themselves.
The historical record is rich in examples of how Native Americans have supported, assisted, and enabled European, Mexican, and American immigrants.

Ancient Ruins and Cultural Tourism

Ancient Southwestern ruins are a major attraction for cultural tourists, contributing significantly to the regional economy.
These ruins hold spiritual significance for Native Americans, providing evidence of past lives, migrations, and accomplishments.
National Park Service archaeologist Lyle Balenquah notes that ancient ruins have meaning beyond their "scientific" information, and that they offer valuable lessons to contemporary Native people.

Place Names and Language

The Southwest is rich with Native American names and references to prehistoric peoples or events.
Examples of place names include Tucson, which derives from an ancient Pima term, and Phoenix, which refers to the Hohokam culture.

Philosophical and Religious Ideas

The ancient peoples of the Southwest have contributed enormously to modern philosophical and religious ideas, concepts, and systems.
The spiritualism that pervades Native Southwestern culture, the sense of environmental stewardship, and the concept of sacred landscapes and sacred places have all come down to us through time.

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Description

This quiz explores the connections between contemporary Native American groups and ancient cultures in the Southwest, debunking myths about the abandonment of ancient sites.