Questions and Answers
What was the primary geological material traded along the Maritime Jade Road?
Which period marks the operation of the Maritime Jade Road?
What type of artifacts were discovered in Batangas related to the Maritime Jade Road?
What significant cultural period coincided with the operations of the Maritime Jade Road?
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What was the nature of the societies involved in the Maritime Jade Road according to archaeological evidence?
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Which cultures influenced the predominant characteristics of groups encountered by the Spanish in the 16th century?
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What type of ornaments were found among the nephratic artifacts?
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Which culture is associated with evidence of an extensive trade network in present-day Vietnam?
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Which materials were commonly used in the production of Sa Huỳnh beads?
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What is a characteristic feature of Sa Huỳnh culture's burial jars?
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Where have Sa Huỳnh-produced ear ornaments been discovered?
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What is the estimated date range for the artifacts found in Kalanay Cave?
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Which of the following statements is true regarding the extent of Sa Huỳnh culture's influence?
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What type of pottery was discovered in Maitum, Sarangani Province?
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What is the geographical extent of Sa Huỳnh culture?
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Which analysis confirmed the colonization of Vietnam by Austronesian people?
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Study Notes
Maritime Jade Road
- Established by indigenous animist peoples between the Philippines and Taiwan, later expanding to countries like Vietnam, Malaysia, Indonesia, and Thailand.
- Artifacts made from nephrite, including tools (adzes, chisels) and ornaments (lingling-o earrings, bracelets, beads), have been discovered in the Philippines since the 1930s.
- Significant finds include tens of thousands of artifacts at a single site in Batangas.
- Nephrite is believed to originate from Taiwan and has been found across insular and mainland Southeast Asia.
- Evidence suggests long-range communication among prehistoric Southeast Asian societies.
- The Maritime Jade Road is recognized as a major sea-based trade network for jade, existing for 3,000 years (2000 BCE - 1000 CE).
- This trade network coincided with a prolonged period of peace (500 BCE - 1000 CE), with no evidence of violent deaths at burial sites prior to the 15th century.
- The arrival of Spanish colonizers in the 16th century revealed cultural influences from Indian and Chinese expansionism, identifying previously warlike groups.
Sa Huỳnh Culture
- Centered in present-day Vietnam, exhibiting signs of an extensive trade network.
- Sa Huỳnh beads composed of materials like glass, carnelian, agate, olivine, zircon, gold, and garnet, indicating imports as most were non-local.
- Han dynasty-style bronze mirrors have been discovered at Sa Huỳnh sites.
- Ear ornaments crafted in Sa Huỳnh have been found in archaeological sites across Central Thailand, Taiwan, and the Philippines (Palawan, Tabon Caves).
- Kalanay Cave in Masbate hosts artifacts dated between 400 BCE - 1500 CE, linked to the "Sa Huỳnh-Kalanay" pottery complex.
- Maitum anthropomorphic burial jars from around 200 CE discovered in Ayub Cave, Sarangani Province, suggest a unique burial practice.
- Sa Huỳnh culture is characterized by cylindrical or egg-shaped burial jars with hat-shaped lids.
- Definition of Sa Huỳnh culture suggests a geographical restriction in Central Vietnam, between Hue City and Nha Trang City.
- Recent research shows differences between Kalanay potteries and Sa Huỳnh artifacts, aligning closer to those in Central Vietnam and Samui Island, with new dates suggesting a later origin (200-300 CE).
- Bio-anthropological analysis indicates Austronesian colonization of Vietnam, linking to sites like Hoa Diem.
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Description
Explore the fascinating history of the Maritime Jade Road, initially established by indigenous peoples of the Philippines and Taiwan. This quiz delves into the ancient artifacts, including tools and ornaments, discovered across various Southeast Asian countries. Test your knowledge about these significant archaeological findings and their cultural implications.
